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Unit 7 Space exploration 单词讲解表 (沪教牛津八下)
单词 / 音标 / 词义 核心搭配 重点考点 经典例句 (源自课本)
beef
/bi f/
n. 牛肉 roast beef 烤牛肉
beef noodles 牛肉面 1. 不可数名词，表示“牛肉”这类食物。
2. 区别：cow/bull/ox 指牛的动物实体，beef 指肉。 We can choose from many types of food, such as fruit, nuts, chicken, beef and seafood.
seafood
/ si fu d/
n. 海鲜 fresh seafood 新鲜海鲜
eat seafood 吃海鲜 1. 集合名词，通常作不可数名词用。
2. 构词：sea (海) + food (食物)。 We can choose from many types of food, such as... seafood.
afford
/ f d/
v. 承担得起(后果)；买得起 afford to do sth 承担得起做某事
can/could afford... 能负担得起... 1. 常与 can, could, be able to 连用。
2. 搭配：cannot afford to do (承担不起做某事的后果)。 We can't afford to make any mistakes, so it can be stressful sometimes.
mistake
/m ste k/
n. 错误；失误 make a mistake 犯错
by mistake 错误地；无意中 1. 动词：mistake (弄错)，过去式 mistook。
2. 搭配：mistake A for B (把A错当成B)。 Hitting something by mistake!
stick
/st k/
v. 粘；贴 n. 枝条 stick to 坚持；粘在...上
stick sth to sth 把某物贴在某物上 1. 过去式/过去分词：stuck /st k/。
2. 语境：在失重环境下固定睡袋。 I have to stick my sleeping bag to the wall.
hit
/h t/
v. 撞击；碰撞；击中 hit sb/sth 撞击某人/某物
hit on/upon 忽然想到 1. 不规则变化：hit - hit - hit (三态同形)。
2. 现在分词：hitting (双写t)。 This stops me from floating around the room and hitting something by mistake!
muscle
/ m sl/
n. 肌肉 muscle loss 肌肉流失
build muscle 增肌 1. 发音注意：sc 中 c 不发音。
2. 常用搭配：strong muscles。 Exercise can slow down the muscle loss.
gym
/d m/
n. 健身房；体育馆 go to the gym 去健身房
in the gym 在体育馆里 1. 全称：gymnasium。
2. 语境：空间站里的健身区。 Luckily, we have a small gym on the space station to help us stay fit.
satellite
/ s t la t/
n. 人造卫星；卫星 weather satellite 气象卫星
communication satellite 通信卫星 1. 搭配：launch a satellite (发射卫星)。
2. 语境：太空垃圾的来源之一。 A Russian satellite and an American satellite crashed into each other.
destroy
/d str /
v. 摧毁；毁坏 destroy the environment 破坏环境
be destroyed by... 被...摧毁 1. 名词：destruction。
2. 同义词：damage, ruin。 Why can tiny pieces of space junk destroy spacecrafts and satellites
average
/ v r d /
adj. 平均的 n. 平均数 average temperature 平均温度
on average 平均来看 1. 常用搭配：above/below average (在平均水平之上/下)。 It's very cold (average surface temperature: -63°C).
probable
/ pr b bl/
adj. 很可能发生(或存在)的 it is probable that... 很可能... 1. 副词：probably (大概；或许)，常用于句中。
2. 可能性程度：probable > possible。 (Vocabulary list item)
select
/s lekt/
v. 挑选；选拔 select sb to do sth 选拔某人做某事
select... from... 从...中挑选 1. 名词：selection。
2. 辨析：choose 泛指选择；select 侧重精选。 (Vocabulary list item)
spaceflight
/ spe sfla t/
n. 航天；宇宙飞行 manned spaceflight 载人航天 1. 构词：space (太空) + flight (飞行)。 When he was little... dreamt of flying... was selected for the Chinese spaceflight programme.
supply
/s pla /
v. & n. 供给；供应 supply sb with sth 提供某人某物
food supplies 食物补给 1. 动词搭配：supply sth to sb / supply sb with sth。
2. 名词复数：supplies (常指物资、补给品)。 Cargo spaceships regularly supply food and other things to the astronauts.
deliver
/d l v (r)/
v. 传送；运载；投递 deliver sth to... 把某物运送到...
deliver a speech 发表演讲 1. 名词：delivery。
2. 语境：飞船运送物资。 The spacecraft delivered fuel, equipment, tools and supplies.
fuel
/ fju l/
n. 燃料 fossil fuel 化石燃料
rocket fuel 火箭燃料 1. 动词：fuel (给...加燃料；刺激)。 The spacecraft delivered fuel, equipment...
point
/p nt/
n. 时刻；点；观点 at this point 在此时
point of view 观点 1. 动词：point at/to (指向)。
2. 语境：at some point (在某一时刻)。 At some point in the future, human beings will visit Mars.
lab
/l b/
n. (=laboratory) 实验室 science lab 科学实验室
lab module 实验舱 1. 全称：laboratory。
2. 语境：空间站的实验舱 (lab modules)。 Two more lab modules (Wentian and Mengtian) have been added.
take off
phrase 起飞；脱下；突然成功 plane takes off 飞机起飞 1. 反义词：land (降落)。
2. 语境：火箭或飞船发射升空。 Finally, we took off.
for a while
phrase 一段时间；一会儿 stay for a while 待一会儿 1. 类似表达：for a moment / for a short time。 At last, we reached the space station—my new home for a while!
turn out
phrase 证明是；结果是 turn out to be... 结果是...
it turns out that... 结果... 1. 表示事情最终的结果出乎意料或得到证实。 I used to worry about the food... But in fact it turns out that eating can be a pleasure in space too!
cannot afford to
phrase 承担不起(后果) can't afford to do sth 1. 强调做某事的风险或代价太大。 We can't afford to make any mistakes.
by mistake
phrase 错误地；无意中 do sth by mistake 无意做某事 1. 同义词：accidentally。
2. 区别：by mistake (无意中) vs by accident (偶然)。 Hitting something by mistake!
daily routine
phrase 日常生活；日常工作 part of daily routine 日常惯例的一部分 1. routine /ru ti n/ 常规；惯例。 Exercise is an important part of our daily routine in space.
space junk
phrase 太空垃圾 clean up space junk 清理太空垃圾 1. junk 指废弃的旧物。 Why is space junk a problem
naked eye
phrase 肉眼 with the naked eye 用肉眼 1. naked / ne k d/ 裸露的。
2. 常用搭配：visible to the naked eye (肉眼可见)。 We do not need any special tools to see it: the space station can be seen from most parts of the world with the naked eye.

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