资源简介

(共47张PPT)
Unit6
Survival
starting out
understanding ideas
01
1. crime /kra m/ n.罪,罪行 词块：commit a crime
派生词：criminal
an increase/decrease in violent crime
2. seaside / si:sa d/ a.海滨的 合成词：sea (n 海) + side (n 边)
词块：at the seaside
The crime took place in a seaside suburb of Cape Town.
暴力犯罪活动的增加/减少
犯罪
在海滨
在开普敦的一个海滨郊区发生了一起犯罪活动。
n.罪犯 adj.犯罪的;不道德的
3. suburb / s b :b/ n.郊区,城郊 sub- (near 邻近) + urb (city 城市) → 邻近城市的区域 → 郊区；
同根词：urban
live in the suburbs
4. greedy / gri:di/ a.贪婪的,贪心的 构词：greedy — greed n. 贪心，贪婪
词块：be greedy for 对...贪婪
He is greedyfor knowledge.
The little boy looked at the cakes with greedy eyes.
住在郊区
他渴求知识
那个小男孩用贪婪的目光盯着这些蛋糕。
greedily adv. 贪婪地
“过而不改，是谓过矣”，这句孔子的名言出自《论语·卫灵公》，意思是：有过错却不加以改正，这才是真正的过错！
commit
5. commit /k m t/ v.犯(错误或罪行) 同根词：admit, permit, transmit
词块：commit a crime / mistake
commit sb / oneself to (doing) sth
派生词：committed
commitment
committee

犯罪/犯错
n. 承诺；投入；奉献　
adj.尽心尽力的;坚信的;坚定的
n. 委员会
The government must commit itself to improving health care.
政府必须致力于改善医疗保健服务水平。
写作 英语学习建议：
I strongly suggest you commit an hour a day to reading English, which can gradually improve your oral English.
我强烈建议你每天花一个小时读英语,这能逐渐提高你的英语口语。

①committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚信的;坚定的
be committed to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事
In addition to her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to
environmental protection.
②commitment n.承诺;保证;献身,奉献;投入;花费
make a commitment做出承诺
除了研究,她还全心全意地致力于环境保护。
6. urban / :b n/ adj.城镇的,城市的 urb (city 城市) + -an (形容词后缀)
反义词：rural
urban life/development/areas/environment
7. newcomer / nju:k m (r)/ n.新来者 new + come + -er
城市生活/发展/地区/环境
adj乡村的；农村的；似农村的
9. container /k n te n (r)/ n.容器 contain (v 包含、容纳) + -er (……的物)
8. flourish / fl r / v.生长茂盛,兴盛 flour (= flower 花) + -ish (动词后缀) → 像花一样盛开 → 生长茂盛；兴盛
The arts began to flourish at that time.
艺术是从那时开始繁荣的。
10. garbage / gɑ:b d / n.垃圾 词块：garbage classification
a garbage can
garbage是美式英语
rubbish是英式英语
a garbage can 是美式英语 垃级箱
rubbish bin或dustbin 是英式英语
垃圾分类
垃圾箱
estimate the area
estimate the distance
看图猜词
11. estimate / est m t/ v.估计,估算 n [C] 估计；估算；估价 词块：be estimated to be / have
it is estimated that ...
派生词：estimation
据估计……
估计﹐估算
The tree is estimated to be at least 700 years old.
这树估计至少有700年了。
It is estimated that smoking causes 100,000 premature deaths every year.
据估计，每年有 100 000 人因吸烟而早逝。
a conservative/rough estimate
保守的/粗略的估算
n.估计;判断,评价
12. migratory / ma gr tri/ a.迁徙的 migrate (必修一 Unit 5) — migratory
migratony routes
迁徙路线
13. appreciate / pri: ie t/ v.欣赏;赏识 词块：appreciate (sb) doing sth
I would appreciate it if …
派生词：appreciation
appreciative
感激（某人）做某事
如果...我将不胜感激
写作-表达感谢： I appreciate your helping during my exchanged terms.
我很感激你在我的交换学期给我的帮助。
写作-申请信：
I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。
adj.欣赏的;感激的
n.欣赏;感激;理解
appreciate意为“感激”时,其后不直接跟从句,需先接it,再接从句。
We really appreciate it when she offers to help.
我们十分感激她主动提供帮助。
欣赏；赏识
感激；感谢
欣赏；赏识；鉴赏
appreciate
appreciation
appreciate + -ion（名词后缀）→ appreciation，由此可知，appreciation与appreciate的释义息息相关，可以联系起来记忆。
拓展 appreciation
感激；感谢
理解；明白
理解；认识
程度递进
appreciation R1 n [U]
1. Chinese arts have won the appreciation of a lot of people outside China.
2. Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you’ve done for us.
3. I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to you all.
4. She had no appreciation of the difficulties we were facing.
14. crucial / kru: l/ a.至关重要的,关键性的 英文释义：extremely important (vital；)
词块：be crucial to sb / sth
it is crucial for sb to do sth
The early learning years are crucial to a child's educational development.
It is crucial for teenagers to develop into mature and responsible members of society.
早期学习对孩子的教育发展至关重要。
成长为成熟并有责任感的社会成员对青少年来说是至关重要的。
对某人/某事至关重要
对某人来说做某事至关重要
15. restrict /r str kt/ v.限制,控制 re- (back 回) + strict (to draw tight 拉紧) → 限制；约束
派生词：restricted
restriction
In future we will restrict the number of students per class to 50.
以后我们将会把每个班的学生数限定在50人。
restrict one's freedom
限制自由
n.限制;约束
adj.有限的;受限的;受约束的;保密的
using language
1. hiker / ha k (r)/ n.徒步旅行者,远足者 hike (v 徒步旅行) + -er (……的人)
2. kit /k t/ n.成套工具 词块：a first-aid kit
急救包
3. optimistic / pt m st k/ a.乐观的;乐观主义的 词块：be optimistic about
反义词：pessimistic
对……持乐观态度
an optimistic estimate
an optimistic man
I admire Helen because she is optimistic about life.
乐观的估计
乐观的人
我敬佩海伦，因为她对生活积极乐观。
adj.悲观的
【单词积累】
5. cope with 应付,处理 cope with the difficulty
近义：deal with/do with/address/handle
The country is coping with oil shortage.
该国正在应对石油短缺问题。
应付困难
应付,处理
4. indoors / n d :z/ ad.在室内 indoor (adj 在室内的) + -s (副词后缀)
反义词：outdoors
It rained all day so we had to stay indoors.
雨下了一整天，我们只好留在屋里。
indoor adj：an indoor swimming pool
室内游泳池
outdoor adj：outdoor activities
户外活动
5. fuel / fju: l/ n.燃料 名词动词化：给……提供燃料
熟词生义：增强、刺激
fuel (up) a car
给车加油
solid/fossil fuel
add fuel to the fire/flames
fuel your passions
fuel my appetite
固体燃料/化石燃料
火上浇油
激发你的热情(2021天津3月)
满足我的胃口(2024新课标Ⅱ)
6. consumption /k n s mp n/ n.(精力/油/电等)消耗量;消费 consume (必修三 Unit 5) — consumption
词族：consume
consumer
consumption
The President has announced emergency measures to limit fuel consumption.
总统 已宣布采取紧急措施，限制燃料消耗。
encourage/promote/stimulate consummption
鼓励/促进/刺激消费
v.消费;消耗;吃,喝,饮
n.消费者
energy/water/electricity consumption
能量损耗/耗水/耗电
7. supplement / s pl m nt/ v.补充,增补,增加 supply (必修二 Unit 6) — supplement
名词动词化“补充；增补”
8. eliminate / l m ne t/ v.消除,根除 e- (ex-, out 向外) + limin (limit 界限) + -ate (动词后缀) → 使在界限外 → 排除；消除
派生词：elimination
9. bring...under control 使……处于控制之下 It took the firemen two hours to bring the fire under control.
消防员花了两个小时才控制住火势。
control
vt.& n.控制;管理;支配 under control处于控制之下
out of control失去控制
beyond control无法控制
　
词汇积累：
9. firefighter / fa fa t (r)/ n.消防队员(fireman) 合成词：fire (n 火) + fighter (n 战士)
10. fierce /f s/ a.恶劣的,极端的 词块：fierce attack / competition
派生词：fiercely
11. react /ri kt/ v.(作出)反应 re- (back 回应) + act (行动) → 作出行动回应 → (作出) 反应
词块：react to
react with
词族：act, react, reaction
对……作出反应
与……发生化学反应
How did your father react to your explanation
你父亲对你的解释有什么反应？
It shows us how iron reacts with air and with water.
它展示了铁如何与空气和水发生反应。
12. monthly / m nθli/ a.每月一次的 month + -ly；
同类词：daily, hourly, weekly, yearly
a monthly meeting/visit
a monthly magazine
每月一次的会议 / 拜访
月刊
9. get rid of 摆脱,除去 We have a fan in the bathroom to get rid of the smell.
词汇积累：
我们的卫生间有一个风扇用来去除臭味。
10. rid adj.摆脱了的 vt.使摆脱 　词块：be rid of摆脱……
rid...of...使……摆脱……
Developing ideas
1. advanced / d vɑ:nst/ a.高级的;先进的 advance (必修一 Unit 4) — advanced
词块：advanced technology
an advanced dictionary / course
先进的技术
【单词积累】
advance v. 前进；（使）进展；促进 n. 进步，进展
in advance 预先，提前
in advance of（时间上）在……之前；（发展上）超前
高级词典/课程
2. wipe /wa p/ v.擦,拭,揩 词块：wipe sth on sth
wipe out
去除;消灭;摧毁
He wiped his hands on his blue apron.
他用蓝色的围裙擦了下手。
In the novel, a serious flu outbreak wiped out 99.4% of the world's population.
在这部小说中,一场严重的流感爆发夺去了全世界99.4%的人口。
3. terrifying /'ter fa / adj.极其可怕的,骇人听闻的 英文释义：extremely frightening
词族：terrify
terrified
terrifying (分词形容词)
adj. 恐惧的，害怕的
v. 使恐惧，使害怕
I still find it terrifying to be surrounded by large numbers of horses.
我仍旧觉得被一大群马包围很可怕。
be terrified of（doing）sth. 害怕（做）某事
be terrified at/by 因……而害怕
She is terrified of heights.
【单词积累】
她有恐高症。
4. unmanned / n m nd/ a.无人驾驶(操纵)的 un- + man + -ed
an unmanned spacecraft
5. spacecraft / spe skrɑ:ft/ n.航天器,宇宙飞船 space (太空) + craft (船只、飞行器) → 航天器、宇宙飞船，单复数同形
6. orbit / :b t/ v.环绕…运行 名词动词化“沿轨道运行”
无人驾驶字宙飞船
manned adj有人控制的;需人操纵的:
a manned spaceship
载人字宙飞船
The earth takes a year to orbit(around) the sun.
地球绕太阳一周需要一年的时间
consist
温故知新
根据所给汉语，完成句子。
这个小组由三个人组成。
The group _______________________________ three people.
is made up of
/ is composed of
consist of
7. consist /k n s st/ v.由…组成 （不用于进行时态和被动语态）
consist of 相当于 be composed of，但要比 be made up of 正式
【用法比较】
The book consists of nineteen chapters.
=The book is made up of nineteen chapters.
这本书共有 19 章
【归纳拓展】
consist in (=lie in) 在于，存在于　
be consistent with 与……一致
【一言辨异】
Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle.
生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成的，而快乐和悲伤存在于拼搏之中。
Happiness consists in contentment.
知足常乐
8. in the meantime = in the meanwhile
9. infer / n f :(r)/ v.推断,推定 词块：infer sth from sth
派生词：inference
make inferences 推理;推断
在此期间;与此同时
I inferred the fact from the news.
I inferred from his attitude that he didn’t like her.
我从这则消息中推断出这个事实
我从他的态度中推断出他不喜欢她。
n.推断的结果,结论;推断,推论
从……中推断出……
expose
暴露在阳光下
揭露内幕
使面临 / 遭受
使接触
10. expose / k'sp z/ v.使暴露(于险境) 词块：expose ... to
be exposed to
派生词：exposed
exposure
使...暴露...
暴露于……;接触……
adj.无遮蔽的;暴露的
n.面临,遭受;暴露;揭露;接触,体验
Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.
在阳光下暴露太久对皮肤有伤害。
Ever since I was young, my parents exposed me to various magazines.
从我小时候起,我父母就让我接触各种各样的杂志。 (2021新高考Ⅰ)
11. astronaut / str n :t/ n.宇航员,太空人 astro- (star, outer space 星辰、外太空) + naut (sailor 水手) → 外太空的水手 → 宇航员
12. dust /d st/ n.沙土,尘土 名词动词化“除尘；擦去”；
派生词：dusty
I was caught in a dust storm and lost contact with them.
我遇到了-场沙尘暴，与他们失去了联系.
13. capsule / k psju:l/ n.(航天器)密封舱,太空舱 词源义：小容器
隐喻：装药的“小容器”→ 胶囊
装宇航员的“小容器” → 太空舱
a space capsule
太空舱
Thank you

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