资源简介

(共20张PPT)
A Medical
Pioneer
Tu Youyou
定语从句（3）
介词＋关系代词
Attributive Clause
Today we will:
1. Find the “preposition + relative pronoun” pattern in the text.
2. Explore how and why this structure works.
3. Use it correctly in practice.
复习-定语从句
The discovery of artemisinin has led to the development of
new drugs which have saved the lives of millions.
先行词： new drugs
关系词： which
定语从句： which have saved the lives of millions.
复习-定语从句 | 句子结构
The discovery of artemisinin has led to the development of
定语从句的结构：
先行词
关系词
句子
new drugs
which
have saved the lives of millions.
先行词 Antecedent
先行词在通常位于从句之前，是句子的核心成分，从句对其进行限定或解释。
关系词 Relative Word
是定语从句的引导词，关系词本质上是替代了先行词
复习-关系代词 | 用法
关系代词
指代对象
从句中成分
典型例句
who
人
主语 / 宾语
The girl who is standing there is my sister.
whom
人
宾语(正式)
The man whom we talked to is a professor.
whose
人 / 物
定语(表所属)
This is the student whose uncle is a doctor .
which
物
主语 / 宾语
The book which is on the desk is mine.
that
人 / 物
主语 / 宾语
The girl that won the prize is my classmate.
重要提示
当先行词为不定代词(something, nothing)、被序数词/最高级修饰、被the only / the very等限定词修饰时， 关系代词只能用that，不能用which 。
复习-关系副词 | 用法
关系副词
指代对象
从句中成分
典型例句
when
时间
时间状语
I still remember the day when we first met .
where
地点
地点状语
This is the park where we had a picnic .
why
原因
原因状语
The reason why he was late is unknown.
补充说明
关系副词可替换为"介词 + 关系代词"的结构：
when
= on/in/at which
where
= in/at/on which
why
= for which
复习-关系副词 | 用法
典型例句
补充说明
关系副词可替换为"介词 + 关系代词"的结构：
when
= on/in/at which
where
= in/at/on which
why
= for which
1. I still remember the day when we first met.
→ I still remember the day ________ we first met.
2. This is the park where we often play football.
→ This is the park __________ we often play football.
观察句子 句子中的介词从哪而来
②They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality.
①Later, she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts from whom she gained a deep knowledge .
观察句子 请将定语从句还原为最简单的“主谓宾”句子。。
②..the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality
①...with experts from whom she gained a deep knowledge...
还原： She gained knowledge from experts in the field.
还原： They worked in the laboratory.
观察句子 请将定语从句还原为最简单的“主谓宾”句子。。
1. The app through which we learn English is very helpful.
2. The friend with whom I play basketball is my classmate.
3. The café at which we meet every weekend is closing soon.
We learn English through the app.
I play basketball with the friend.
We meet at café every weekend.
核心规则1：关系代词的选择，取决于先行词：
先行词指 人 → 用 whom
先行词指 物 → 用 which
归纳总结
黄金禁令
介词后面，绝对不能用 that 或 who！
the expert from who
the lab in that
The pencil with that he was writing suddenly broke.
The man with that/who you talked just now is my brother.
黄金禁令
介词后面，绝对不能用 that 或 who！
the expert from who
the lab in that
×
×
The man with whom you talked just now is my brother.
The pencil with which he was writing suddenly broke.
黄金禁令
介词后面，绝对不能用 that 或 who！
the expert from who
the lab in that
I have no house in _________ I can live.
I have no house ____________ I can live in.
Do you know the man with__________I shook hands.
Do you know the man____________I shook hands with.
归纳总结
核心规则2：介词由先行词的搭配、从句谓语动词的搭配或句子逻辑含义决定
①依据从句谓语动词的固定搭配
例：He is the boy to whom I talked yesterday (talk to)
②依据先行词的固定搭配
例：They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality.
③依据句子的逻辑含义
例：Later, she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts from whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices.
“一先二动三意义”
一先： 根据先行词
二动： 根据动词搭配
三意义： 根据从句含义
I have over 100 books, 30 of which were bought last year.
There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
补充：
介词前有时加名词、数词等，构成“名词/数词/不定代词＋of which/whom”的结构，并在定语从句中充当主语
English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of which use it differently.
PRACTICE
练习一：判断正误
The scientist to who she reported is famous. （ ）
The method by which they succeeded is useful.（ ）
This is the house in that I grew up.（ ）
The colleagues with whom she collaborated are from Peking University. （ ）
练习二：选择题
1. This is the most interesting story ______ I have ever read. ( )
A. which
B. of that
C. who
D. that
2. He has three sisters, ______ are doctors. ( )
A. all of whom
B. all of that
C. all of which
D. all of who
3. This is the hotel ______ we stayed last summer. ( )
A. which
B. in which
C. that
D. where
4. The girl ______ we talked about just now is our monitor. ( )
A. which
B. whom
C. of whose
D. where
5. The man ______ she is married is a doctor. ( )
A. whom
B. to whom
C. with whom
D. which
练习三：语法填空题
The man with_____________I shook hands just now is my daughter’s English teacher.
She learned from traditional experts, ____________ she gained deep knowledge.
The laboratory ____________ the team worked had very poor conditions.
I bought ten pencils, the half of _____________I gave to my brother.
1969 was the year ____________ Tu Youyou was chosen to lead the malaria research project.

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