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八年级下册 Unit 5-8 重点语法归纳
Unit 5 Good manners
语法主题：enough to 和 too...to 的用法
考点1 enough to 的用法
含义：表示“足够……做某事”。
结构：
形容词/副词 + enough + to do sth. （注意：形容词或副词要放在 enough 之前）
enough + 名词 + to do sth. （注意：名词放在 enough 之后）
He is strong enough to carry the heavy box. (他足够强壮，能搬动这个重箱子。)
I have enough money to buy a gift. (我有足够的钱买礼物。)
考点2 too...to... 的用法
含义：表示“太……而不能……”，具有否定含义。
结构： too + 形容词/副词 + to do sth.
The boy is too young to go to school. (这个男孩太小了，不能去上学。)
【规划变化】句型转换
1. too...to... 与 not...enough to... 互换
The question is too hard for me to answer.
= The question is not easy enough for me to answer.
2. too...to... 与 so...that... (否定句) 互换
He is too tired to walk.
= He is so tired that he can't walk.
【易错点】
在 too...to... 结构中，如果主语是物，且不定式的宾语就是句子的主语，那么不定式后不再加宾语（代词）。
误：The water is too hot to drink it.
正：The water is too hot to drink.
Unit 5 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. The girl is ________ to dress herself. She is only 3 years old.
A. old enough B. enough old C. too young D. young too
2. The box is ________ heavy for the little boy ________ carry.
A. so; that B. too; to C. very; to D. enough; to
3. He ran ________ to catch the early bus.
A. fast enough B. enough fast C. slowly enough D. enough slowly
4. The math problem is too difficult for me ________.
A. work it out B. to work it out C. working it out D. to work out
5. Tom is ________ a lively boy ________ we all like him.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. The room is big enough for us ________ (hold) a meeting.
7. The tea is too hot ________ (drink).
8. He is patient enough ________ (wait) for a long time without getting angry.
9. We have enough time ________ (finish) the work today.
三、短文填空
Good manners are very important in our daily life. Everyone likes a person with good 10.________ (manner). However, different countries have different customs. In China, it is polite to receive a gift with both 11.________ (hand). But in the West, people usually do not do that. In the UK, people are patient 12.________ to wait in line. They think it is rude to jump the queue. When you are in Rome, do 13.________ the Romans do. If you are 14.________ (care) enough, you will find more differences. For example, in some Asian countries, you should take 15.________ your shoes before entering a house. If the host asks you to stay for dinner, you shouldn't be 16.________ shy to accept it. Always say "please" and "thank you". These words are 17.________ (power) enough to make others happy. Try to be polite, and you will make more 18.________ (friend).
Unit 6 Sunshine for all
语法主题：It is + adj. + to-infinitive 句型
考点1 It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.
含义：对某人来说，做某事是……的。
适用形容词：描述事物性质的形容词，如 easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, dangerous, possible 等。
It is important for us to learn English well. (对我们来说学好英语很重要。)
考点2 It is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.
含义：某人做某事真是太……了。
适用形容词：描述人的品质、性格的形容词，如 kind, nice, clever, foolish, polite, careless, wrong, brave 等。
It is kind of you to help me. (你帮我真是太好了/你真好。)
【注意】for 与 of 的区别
判别技巧：
如果形容词可以修饰不定式的逻辑主语（即 sb. is adj. 成立），用 of。
It is kind of you. -> You are kind. (通顺)
如果形容词是描述做这件事本身（即 To do sth. is adj.），用 for。
It is hard for me. -> I am hard. (不通顺，应该是 The task is hard.)
【拓展】It 充当形式主语
在这些句型中，It 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式（to do sth.）。
Unit 6 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. It is important ________ people ________ learn team spirit.
A. of; to B. of; for C. for; to D. to; to
2. It is kind ________ you to help the old man cross the road.
A. for B. of C. with D. to
3. It's dangerous for children ________ with fire.
A. play B. playing C. to play D. plays
4. It's careless ________ him to lose his wallet again.
A. of B. for C. with D. about
5. I think ________ necessary to take exercise every day.
A. that B. this C. it D. one
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. It is necessary for us ________ (protect) the environment.
7. It was brave of the soldier ________ (save) the boy from the river.
8. It is impossible for me ________ (finish) the work in an hour.
9. It is polite ________ (say) hello to your teachers.
三、短文填空
There are many disabled people in the world. It is difficult for them 10.________ (do) things like normal people. For example, it is hard for blind people to see 11.________ (something). It is necessary for us to help them. Last Sunday, our class went to the Special Education School. It was nice 12.________ the students to give the disabled children some gifts. We also 13.________ (teach) them to sing and draw. The children were very happy. It is important for them to feel the love from society. We should learn to be kind. It is wrong of people to look down 14.________ (on) the disabled. Everyone wants to be 15.________ (respect). We can help them cross the road or give seats to them on the bus. It is meaningful for us to make a 16.________ (different) to their lives. Let's provide them 17.________ more support. We hope to create a world full of 18.________ (sunny) for all.
Unit 7 Charities
语法主题：被动语态 (I) —— 一般现在时和一般过去时
考点1 被动语态的概念
当主语是动作的承受者时，使用被动语态。基本构成是 be + 过去分词。
考点2 一般现在时的被动语态
结构： am / is / are + 过去分词 (past participle)
Many trees are planted every year. (每年都有很多树被种植。)
English is spoken widely. (英语被广泛使用。)
考点3 一般过去时的被动语态
结构： was / were + 过去分词 (past participle)
The house was built last year. (这房子是去年建的。)
These books were written by Lu Xun. (这些书是鲁迅写的。)
【易错点】
1. 不及物动词（如 happen, take place, come out）没有被动语态。
误：The accident was happened yesterday.
正：The accident happened yesterday.
2. 感官动词/使役动词（see, hear, make等）在主动语态中省略 to，在被动语态中要还原 to。
主动：The boss made him work.
被动：He was made to work.
Unit 7 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. The classroom ________ by the students every day.
A. cleans B. is cleaned C. cleaned D. was cleaned
2. The bridge ________ two years ago.
A. built B. builds C. is built D. was built
3. English ________ in many countries around the world.
A. speaks B. spoke C. is spoken D. was spoken
4. —Who ________ the telephone
—Bell.
A. invented B. was invented C. is invented D. invents
5. We ________ to study hard at school.
A. tell B. are telling C. are told D. told
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. The flowers ________ (water) by my mother yesterday morning.
7. Wait a moment. Your car ________ (wash) now.
8. These photos ________ (take) in Beijing last summer.
9. The baby is made ________ (stop) crying by the nurse.
三、短文填空
UNICEF is an international organization. It 10.________ (set) up in 1946. It works to help children all over the world. Many poor children 11.________ (support) by UNICEF. They are provided 12.________ food, clean water and clothes. Some of them can't go to school because they are too poor. With the help of UNICEF, schools 13.________ (build) for them. Money 14.________ (raise) by selling Christmas cards and organizing activities. In 2020, a charity show 15.________ (hold) in our school. Many books and toys 16.________ (donate) by students. The money was sent to the children in need. We believe that a better world can 17.________ (create) if everyone gives a helping hand. Let's do our best 18.________ (help) others.
Unit 8 A green world
语法主题：被动语态 (II) —— 一般将来时与情态动词
考点1 一般将来时的被动语态
含义：表示“将被……”。
结构：
will + be + 过去分词
am/is/are + going to + be + 过去分词
A new park will be built here next year. (明年这里将建一个新公园。)
The trees are going to be planted tomorrow. (这些树明天将被种植。)
考点2 情态动词的被动语态
结构： 情态动词 (can, may, must, should) + be + 过去分词
Flowers should be watered often. (花应该经常浇水。)
The work must be finished today. (这项工作必须今天完成。)
【规划变化】句型转换
1. 主动： We will hold a meeting.
被动： A meeting will be held (by us).
2. 主动： You can borrow this book.
被动： This book can be borrowed.
【易错点】
在带情态动词的被动语态中，千万不要漏掉 be。
误：Trees must planted.
正：Trees must be planted.
Unit 8 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. A sports meeting ________ in our school next week.
A. will hold B. will be held C. is held D. holds
2. Teenagers ________ to choose their own clothes.
A. should allow B. should allowed C. should be allowed D. allow
3. The problem ________ easily if we work together.
A. can solve B. can be solved C. solves D. solved
4. Many new houses ________ here next year.
A. are built B. were built C. will be built D. will build
5. The books ________ out of the reading room.
A. must take B. mustn't take C. must be taken D. mustn't be taken
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. The letter ________ (send) tomorrow morning.
7. Waste water shouldn't ________ (pour) into the river.
8. More trees must ________ (plant) to make our city greener.
9. The work can ________ (finish) in two days.
三、短文填空
Environmental protection is becoming more and more important. Pollution is a serious problem. If we don't take action, our earth will 10.________ (destroy). Something must 11.________ (do) to stop pollution. First, waste should be sorted. Rubbish can be 12.________ (divide) into different groups. Some things, like paper and glass, can be 13.________ (recycle). Second, more trees should 14.________ (plant) every year. Trees can help clean the air. Third, we should use public transport instead 15.________ cars. This way, less energy will be used and less air pollution will be 16.________ (cause). Also, we can use cloth bags when shopping. Plastic bags shouldn't be used because they are bad for the soil. We hope the earth 17.________ (save) in the future. Everyone can make a difference. Let's live a 18.________ (green) life.八年级下册 Unit 5-8 重点语法归纳
Unit 5 Good manners
语法主题：enough to 和 too...to 的用法
考点1 enough to 的用法
含义：表示“足够……做某事”。
结构：
形容词/副词 + enough + to do sth. （注意：形容词或副词要放在 enough 之前）
enough + 名词 + to do sth. （注意：名词放在 enough 之后）
He is strong enough to carry the heavy box. (他足够强壮，能搬动这个重箱子。)
I have enough money to buy a gift. (我有足够的钱买礼物。)
考点2 too...to... 的用法
含义：表示“太……而不能……”，具有否定含义。
结构： too + 形容词/副词 + to do sth.
The boy is too young to go to school. (这个男孩太小了，不能去上学。)
【规划变化】句型转换
1. too...to... 与 not...enough to... 互换
The question is too hard for me to answer.
= The question is not easy enough for me to answer.
2. too...to... 与 so...that... (否定句) 互换
He is too tired to walk.
= He is so tired that he can't walk.
【易错点】
在 too...to... 结构中，如果主语是物，且不定式的宾语就是句子的主语，那么不定式后不再加宾语（代词）。
误：The water is too hot to drink it.
正：The water is too hot to drink.
Unit 5 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. The girl is ________ to dress herself. She is only 3 years old.
A. old enough B. enough old C. too young D. young too
2. The box is ________ heavy for the little boy ________ carry.
A. so; that B. too; to C. very; to D. enough; to
3. He ran ________ to catch the early bus.
A. fast enough B. enough fast C. slowly enough D. enough slowly
4. The math problem is too difficult for me ________.
A. work it out B. to work it out C. working it out D. to work out
5. Tom is ________ a lively boy ________ we all like him.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. The room is big enough for us ________ (hold) a meeting.
7. The tea is too hot ________ (drink).
8. He is patient enough ________ (wait) for a long time without getting angry.
9. We have enough time ________ (finish) the work today.
三、短文填空
Good manners are very important in our daily life. Everyone likes a person with good 10.________ (manner). However, different countries have different customs. In China, it is polite to receive a gift with both 11.________ (hand). But in the West, people usually do not do that. In the UK, people are patient 12.________ to wait in line. They think it is rude to jump the queue. When you are in Rome, do 13.________ the Romans do. If you are 14.________ (care) enough, you will find more differences. For example, in some Asian countries, you should take 15.________ your shoes before entering a house. If the host asks you to stay for dinner, you shouldn't be 16.________ shy to accept it. Always say "please" and "thank you". These words are 17.________ (power) enough to make others happy. Try to be polite, and you will make more 18.________ (friend).
【参考答案】
1-5: CBA DB (注意第4题不定式后不加it)
6. to hold 7. to drink 8. to wait 9. to finish
10. manners 11. hands 12. enough 13. as 14. careful 15. off 16. too 17. powerful 18. friends
Unit 6 Sunshine for all
语法主题：It is + adj. + to-infinitive 句型
考点1 It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.
含义：对某人来说，做某事是……的。
适用形容词：描述事物性质的形容词，如 easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, dangerous, possible 等。
It is important for us to learn English well. (对我们来说学好英语很重要。)
考点2 It is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.
含义：某人做某事真是太……了。
适用形容词：描述人的品质、性格的形容词，如 kind, nice, clever, foolish, polite, careless, wrong, brave 等。
It is kind of you to help me. (你帮我真是太好了/你真好。)
【注意】for 与 of 的区别
判别技巧：
如果形容词可以修饰不定式的逻辑主语（即 sb. is adj. 成立），用 of。
It is kind of you. -> You are kind. (通顺)
如果形容词是描述做这件事本身（即 To do sth. is adj.），用 for。
It is hard for me. -> I am hard. (不通顺，应该是 The task is hard.)
【拓展】It 充当形式主语
在这些句型中，It 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式（to do sth.）。
Unit 6 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. It is important ________ people ________ learn team spirit.
A. of; to B. of; for C. for; to D. to; to
2. It is kind ________ you to help the old man cross the road.
A. for B. of C. with D. to
3. It's dangerous for children ________ with fire.
A. play B. playing C. to play D. plays
4. It's careless ________ him to lose his wallet again.
A. of B. for C. with D. about
5. I think ________ necessary to take exercise every day.
A. that B. this C. it D. one
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. It is necessary for us ________ (protect) the environment.
7. It was brave of the soldier ________ (save) the boy from the river.
8. It is impossible for me ________ (finish) the work in an hour.
9. It is polite ________ (say) hello to your teachers.
三、短文填空
There are many disabled people in the world. It is difficult for them 10.________ (do) things like normal people. For example, it is hard for blind people to see 11.________ (something). It is necessary for us to help them. Last Sunday, our class went to the Special Education School. It was nice 12.________ the students to give the disabled children some gifts. We also 13.________ (teach) them to sing and draw. The children were very happy. It is important for them to feel the love from society. We should learn to be kind. It is wrong of people to look down 14.________ (on) the disabled. Everyone wants to be 15.________ (respect). We can help them cross the road or give seats to them on the bus. It is meaningful for us to make a 16.________ (different) to their lives. Let's provide them 17.________ more support. We hope to create a world full of 18.________ (sunny) for all.
【参考答案】
1-5: CB CAC (第5题考查it作形式宾语)
6. to protect 7. to save 8. to finish 9. to say
10. to do 11. anything 12. of (nice形容人品) 13. taught 14. upon/on 15. respected 16. difference 17. with 18. sunshine
Unit 7 Charities
语法主题：被动语态 (I) —— 一般现在时和一般过去时
考点1 被动语态的概念
当主语是动作的承受者时，使用被动语态。基本构成是 be + 过去分词。
考点2 一般现在时的被动语态
结构： am / is / are + 过去分词 (past participle)
Many trees are planted every year. (每年都有很多树被种植。)
English is spoken widely. (英语被广泛使用。)
考点3 一般过去时的被动语态
结构： was / were + 过去分词 (past participle)
The house was built last year. (这房子是去年建的。)
These books were written by Lu Xun. (这些书是鲁迅写的。)
【易错点】
1. 不及物动词（如 happen, take place, come out）没有被动语态。
误：The accident was happened yesterday.
正：The accident happened yesterday.
2. 感官动词/使役动词（see, hear, make等）在主动语态中省略 to，在被动语态中要还原 to。
主动：The boss made him work.
被动：He was made to work.
Unit 7 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. The classroom ________ by the students every day.
A. cleans B. is cleaned C. cleaned D. was cleaned
2. The bridge ________ two years ago.
A. built B. builds C. is built D. was built
3. English ________ in many countries around the world.
A. speaks B. spoke C. is spoken D. was spoken
4. —Who ________ the telephone
—Bell.
A. invented B. was invented C. is invented D. invents
5. We ________ to study hard at school.
A. tell B. are telling C. are told D. told
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. The flowers ________ (water) by my mother yesterday morning.
7. Wait a moment. Your car ________ (wash) now.
8. These photos ________ (take) in Beijing last summer.
9. The baby is made ________ (stop) crying by the nurse.
三、短文填空
UNICEF is an international organization. It 10.________ (set) up in 1946. It works to help children all over the world. Many poor children 11.________ (support) by UNICEF. They are provided 12.________ food, clean water and clothes. Some of them can't go to school because they are too poor. With the help of UNICEF, schools 13.________ (build) for them. Money 14.________ (raise) by selling Christmas cards and organizing activities. In 2020, a charity show 15.________ (hold) in our school. Many books and toys 16.________ (donate) by students. The money was sent to the children in need. We believe that a better world can 17.________ (create) if everyone gives a helping hand. Let's do our best 18.________ (help) others.
【参考答案】
1-5: BD CAC (第4题强调动作执行者，用主动)
6. were watered 7. is being washed (现在进行时的被动) 8. were taken 9. to stop (make被动还原to)
10. was set 11. are supported 12. with 13. are built / were built 14. is raised 15. was held 16. were donated 17. be created 18. to help
Unit 8 A green world
语法主题：被动语态 (II) —— 一般将来时与情态动词
考点1 一般将来时的被动语态
含义：表示“将被……”。
结构：
will + be + 过去分词
am/is/are + going to + be + 过去分词
A new park will be built here next year. (明年这里将建一个新公园。)
The trees are going to be planted tomorrow. (这些树明天将被种植。)
考点2 情态动词的被动语态
结构： 情态动词 (can, may, must, should) + be + 过去分词
Flowers should be watered often. (花应该经常浇水。)
The work must be finished today. (这项工作必须今天完成。)
【规划变化】句型转换
1. 主动： We will hold a meeting.
被动： A meeting will be held (by us).
2. 主动： You can borrow this book.
被动： This book can be borrowed.
【易错点】
在带情态动词的被动语态中，千万不要漏掉 be。
误：Trees must planted.
正：Trees must be planted.
Unit 8 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. A sports meeting ________ in our school next week.
A. will hold B. will be held C. is held D. holds
2. Teenagers ________ to choose their own clothes.
A. should allow B. should allowed C. should be allowed D. allow
3. The problem ________ easily if we work together.
A. can solve B. can be solved C. solves D. solved
4. Many new houses ________ here next year.
A. are built B. were built C. will be built D. will build
5. The books ________ out of the reading room.
A. must take B. mustn't take C. must be taken D. mustn't be taken
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. The letter ________ (send) tomorrow morning.
7. Waste water shouldn't ________ (pour) into the river.
8. More trees must ________ (plant) to make our city greener.
9. The work can ________ (finish) in two days.
三、短文填空
Environmental protection is becoming more and more important. Pollution is a serious problem. If we don't take action, our earth will 10.________ (destroy). Something must 11.________ (do) to stop pollution. First, waste should be sorted. Rubbish can be 12.________ (divide) into different groups. Some things, like paper and glass, can be 13.________ (recycle). Second, more trees should 14.________ (plant) every year. Trees can help clean the air. Third, we should use public transport instead 15.________ cars. This way, less energy will be used and less air pollution will be 16.________ (cause). Also, we can use cloth bags when shopping. Plastic bags shouldn't be used because they are bad for the soil. We hope the earth 17.________ (save) in the future. Everyone can make a difference. Let's live a 18.________ (green) life.
【参考答案】
1-5: BCBCD
6. will be sent 7. be poured 8. be planted 9. be finished
10. be destroyed 11. be done 12. divided 13. recycled 14. be planted 15. of 16. caused 17. will be saved 18. green / greener

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