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人教版英语八年级下册 Unit 1-4 重点语法归纳
Unit 1 Time to Relax
语法主题：动词不定式
定义：动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成（有时可省略to）。在句中除了不能作谓语外，可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。本单元重点学习不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和状语的用法。
考点1 不定式作宾语
常接不定式作宾语的动词有：want, decide, hope, learn, plan, agree, choose, promise, refuse, would like 等。
I decided to try skiing. (我决定尝试滑雪。)
She learnt to play the piano. (她学会了弹钢琴。)
考点2 不定式作宾语补足语
结构为：动词 + 宾语 + to do。常接此结构的动词有：ask, tell, invite, want, teach, allow, advise 等。
My parents told me not to push myself too hard. (父母告诉我不要把自己逼得太紧。)
The teacher asked us to fly kites. (老师让我们去放风筝。)
【易错点】省略 to 的情况
在感官动词 (see, watch, hear, feel) 和使役动词 (let, make, have) 后作宾语补足语时，不定式符号 to 必须省略。但变为被动语态时，to 必须还原。
I saw him play football. (我看见他踢足球了。)
He was seen to play football. (他被看见踢足球了。)
考点3 不定式作状语
常用来表示目的 (purpose) 或结果 (result)。
I play the flute to relax. (我吹长笛是为了放松。) —— 表目的
She was surprised to see him. (看到他她很惊讶。) —— 表原因/结果
Unit 1 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. My parents always tell me ________ more vegetables and fruit.
A. eat B. eating C. to eat D. eats
2. We decided ________ to the mountains for our vacation.
A. go B. to go C. going D. went
3. The boy is too young ________ himself.
A. look after B. to look after C. looking after D. looks after
4. I saw him ________ into the classroom just now.
A. walk B. to walk C. walks D. walked
5. It’s important for us ________ a good habit of reading.
A. develop B. to develop C. developing D. develops
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. She wants ________ (buy) a new guitar for her brother.
7. The teacher advised us ________ (not play) computer games too much.
8. He went to the library ________ (borrow) some books yesterday.
9. Let me ________ (help) you with your homework.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
How do you spend your free time Different people have different hobbies. My friend Alice likes music. She plans 10.________ (learn) to play the violin this term. She practices every day 11.________ (improve) her skills. Her brother, Bob, enjoys sports. He often asks his friends 12.________ (play) basketball with him. Last weekend, they decided to 13.________ (go) hiking. It took them three hours 14.________ (climb) to the top of the mountain. They were tired but happy. Our teacher tells us that it is necessary 15.________ (have) hobbies. Hobbies can help us relax and 16.________ (keep) healthy. But we should remember 17.________ (finish) our homework first. We shouldn't spend too much time 18.________ (watch) TV.
Unit 2 Stay Healthy
语法主题：情态动词 (should) 与 反身代词
考点1 情态动词 should / shouldn't
用法：用于提出建议或劝告，意为“应该” / “不应该”。后接动词原形。
You should see a dentist. (你应该去看牙医。)
You shouldn't eat too much candy. (你不应该吃太多糖果。)
【拓展】询问建议的句型
— What should I do (我该怎么办？)
— You should lie down and rest.
考点2 反身代词 (Reflexive Pronouns)
定义：表示动作回到执行者本身，即主语和宾语指代同一个人或物。
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself / herself / itself themselves
常见搭配：
hurt oneself (受伤)
enjoy oneself (玩得高兴)
teach oneself (自学)
by oneself (独自地)
【易错点】one's own vs oneself
one's own 意为“某人自己的”（形容词性），oneself 是名词性。如：
I saw it with my own eyes. (我亲眼所见)
I did it by myself. (我独自做的)
Unit 2 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. You have a sore throat. You ________ drink some hot tea with honey.
A. can't B. shouldn't C. should D. wouldn't
2. The kids enjoyed ________ at the party yesterday.
A. them B. they C. their D. themselves
3. —My tooth hurts. —You shouldn't ________ sweet food.
A. eat B. eating C. to eat D. ate
4. Nobody taught the old man how to use the smartphone. He taught ________.
A. himself B. itself C. myself D. yourself
5. —I cut ________ by accident when cooking.
—Be careful!
A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. You should ________ (lie) down and have a rest.
7. The girl learned to dress ________ (she) when she was three.
8. We should help ________ (we) to some fruit.
9. You ________ (should) stay up late. It's bad for your health.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Health is very important. Everyone wants to stay healthy. Here is some advice. First, you 10.________ (should) eat a balanced diet. You shouldn't eat too much junk food. Second, it's necessary to exercise regularly. You can enjoy 11.________ (you) by playing sports with friends. However, be careful not to hurt 12.________ (your). If you have a fever, you should 13.________ (take) your temperature. If it is serious, you should go to see a 14.________ (doc). Don't worry too much. A good mood helps you keep healthy. We can look after 15.________ (us) well if we follow the advice. Sometimes we may fall 16.________ (ill), but we can get well soon. Remember, we should 17.________ (drink) enough water every day. Good habits make a big 18.________ (differ).
Unit 3 Growing Up
语法主题：状语从句
定义：在复合句中作状语的从句。本单元重点学习 although (让步), until (时间), so that (目的/结果) 和 if (条件) 引导的从句。
考点1 让步状语从句 (although / though)
意为“虽然，尽管”。
Although you argued, you are still very close friends. (虽然你们争吵了，但你们仍是很亲密的朋友。)
【易错点】
although / though 不能与 but 连用，但可以与 still / yet 连用。
正：Although he is old, he is strong.
误：Although he is old, but he is strong.
考点2 时间状语从句 (until)
意为“直到……”。
肯定句 + until： 谓语动词需为延续性动词，表示动作一直持续到某时。
I waited until he came. (我一直等到他来。)
否定句 + until (not...until)： 谓语动词为短暂性动词，表示“直到……才……”。
I didn't go to bed until my mom came back. (直到妈妈回来我才睡觉。)
考点3 目的/结果状语从句 (so that)
意为“以便，为了” (目的) 或 “因此，以至于” (结果)。
You can write to your parents so that they'll know how you feel. (你可以给父母写信，以便他们知道你的感受。)
Unit 3 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. ________ he is very young, he knows a lot.
A. If B. Because C. Although D. So
2. I will wait here ________ the rain stops.
A. until B. after C. since D. if
3. Please speak loudly ________ everyone can hear you clearly.
A. such that B. so that C. in order to D. because
4. ________ you work hard, you will succeed.
A. Unless B. Although C. If D. Until
5. He didn't leave the office ________ he finished his work.
A. when B. while C. until D. after
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. Although it rained heavily, they ________ (go) on playing soccer.
7. I got up early so that I ________ (can) catch the early bus.
8. You won't improve your English if you ________ (not practice) speaking.
9. We ________ (wait) until the teacher came in.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Growing up brings happiness, but it also brings problems. Sometimes you may feel lonely 10.________ no one understands you. 11.________ you have problems, you should talk to someone. You can talk to your parents or teachers 12.________ that they can help you. Some students are afraid to speak out. They keep their worries to themselves 13.________ they feel worse. This is not good. 14.________ it is difficult to talk about your feelings, you should try. You will feel better after you share your problems. 15.________ you don't want to talk to people you know, you can write to a pen pal. Remember, you are not alone. There is always someone ready to help. Don't give up 16.________ you solve the problem. Facing the problem is the first step to growing up. Be brave, 17.________ you will be happy again. Life is beautiful, 18.________
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
语法主题：形容词与副词的比较级和最高级 & 数词
注：本单元涉及地理知识与自然奇观的描述，重点在于使用比较级、最高级及大数字来描述山脉、河流、沙漠等。
考点1 形容词/副词的最高级
用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较。
结构： the + 形容词最高级 + (of/in...)
Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. (珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山。)
It is the deepest salt lake. (它是最深的咸水湖。)
考点2 形容词/副词的比较级
用于两者之间的比较。
Qomolangma is still growing taller. (珠穆朗玛峰还在长高。)
It is bigger than any other desert in Africa. (它比非洲任何其他沙漠都大。)
考点3 大数字与度量表达
描述自然奇观时常涉及具体的长度、高度、深度等。
长度/高度/深度表达： number + unit (meters/kilometers) + adjective (long/high/deep)
It is 8,848.86 meters high. (它有8848.86米高。)
It is about 6,300 kilometers long. (它长约6300公里。)
【拓展】one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词
意为“最……的之一”。
The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.
Unit 4 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. Qomolangma is ________ than any other mountain in the world.
A. high B. higher C. highest D. the highest
2. The Sahara is the biggest desert ________ the world.
A. in B. on C. at D. of
3. The Nile is one of the ________ rivers in the world.
A. long B. longer C. longest D. length
4. Which ocean is ________, the Pacific Ocean or the Atlantic Ocean
A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest
5. The wall is about ________.
A. 10 meters long B. 10-meters-long C. 10 meter long D. 10 meters length
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. China has the ________ (large) population in the world.
7. The Yellow River is the second ________ (long) river in China.
8. Which city is ________ (beautiful), Beijing or Shanghai
9. Qomolangma is 8,848.86 meters ________ (height).
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Do you know anything about the world's geography The 10.________ (high) mountain in the world is Qomolangma. It lies in China. It is 8,848.86 meters 11.________ (high). Many climbers want to climb it. However, it is dangerous because of the cold weather and heavy snow. The 12.________ (long) river in the world is the Nile. It goes through Egypt. The Amazon River is a little 13.________ (short) than the Nile, but it is the biggest river in the world. The Sahara is the 14.________ (big) desert. It is in Africa. It is much 15.________ (hot) than many other places. The Caspian Sea is the 16.________ (deep) salt lake in the world. Nature is amazing. We should respect nature and protect 17.________ (it). Let's learn 18.________ (much) about our beautiful world.人教版英语八年级下册 Unit 1-4 重点语法归纳
Unit 1 Time to Relax
语法主题：动词不定式
定义：动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成（有时可省略to）。在句中除了不能作谓语外，可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。本单元重点学习不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和状语的用法。
考点1 不定式作宾语
常接不定式作宾语的动词有：want, decide, hope, learn, plan, agree, choose, promise, refuse, would like 等。
I decided to try skiing. (我决定尝试滑雪。)
She learnt to play the piano. (她学会了弹钢琴。)
考点2 不定式作宾语补足语
结构为：动词 + 宾语 + to do。常接此结构的动词有：ask, tell, invite, want, teach, allow, advise 等。
My parents told me not to push myself too hard. (父母告诉我不要把自己逼得太紧。)
The teacher asked us to fly kites. (老师让我们去放风筝。)
【易错点】省略 to 的情况
在感官动词 (see, watch, hear, feel) 和使役动词 (let, make, have) 后作宾语补足语时，不定式符号 to 必须省略。但变为被动语态时，to 必须还原。
I saw him play football. (我看见他踢足球了。)
He was seen to play football. (他被看见踢足球了。)
考点3 不定式作状语
常用来表示目的 (purpose) 或结果 (result)。
I play the flute to relax. (我吹长笛是为了放松。) —— 表目的
She was surprised to see him. (看到他她很惊讶。) —— 表原因/结果
Unit 1 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. My parents always tell me ________ more vegetables and fruit.
A. eat B. eating C. to eat D. eats
2. We decided ________ to the mountains for our vacation.
A. go B. to go C. going D. went
3. The boy is too young ________ himself.
A. look after B. to look after C. looking after D. looks after
4. I saw him ________ into the classroom just now.
A. walk B. to walk C. walks D. walked
5. It’s important for us ________ a good habit of reading.
A. develop B. to develop C. developing D. develops
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. She wants ________ (buy) a new guitar for her brother.
7. The teacher advised us ________ (not play) computer games too much.
8. He went to the library ________ (borrow) some books yesterday.
9. Let me ________ (help) you with your homework.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
How do you spend your free time Different people have different hobbies. My friend Alice likes music. She plans 10.________ (learn) to play the violin this term. She practices every day 11.________ (improve) her skills. Her brother, Bob, enjoys sports. He often asks his friends 12.________ (play) basketball with him. Last weekend, they decided to 13.________ (go) hiking. It took them three hours 14.________ (climb) to the top of the mountain. They were tired but happy. Our teacher tells us that it is necessary 15.________ (have) hobbies. Hobbies can help us relax and 16.________ (keep) healthy. But we should remember 17.________ (finish) our homework first. We shouldn't spend too much time 18.________ (watch) TV.
【参考答案】
1-5: CBBAB (第4题 see sb do sth 省略to; 第5题 It is + adj + for sb + to do)
6. to buy 7. not to play 8. to borrow 9. help (let后接原形)
10. to learn 11. to improve 12. to play 13. go 14. to climb 15. to have 16. keep 17. to finish 18. watching
Unit 2 Stay Healthy
语法主题：情态动词 (should) 与 反身代词
考点1 情态动词 should / shouldn't
用法：用于提出建议或劝告，意为“应该” / “不应该”。后接动词原形。
You should see a dentist. (你应该去看牙医。)
You shouldn't eat too much candy. (你不应该吃太多糖果。)
【拓展】询问建议的句型
— What should I do (我该怎么办？)
— You should lie down and rest.
考点2 反身代词 (Reflexive Pronouns)
定义：表示动作回到执行者本身，即主语和宾语指代同一个人或物。
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself / herself / itself themselves
常见搭配：
hurt oneself (受伤)
enjoy oneself (玩得高兴)
teach oneself (自学)
by oneself (独自地)
【易错点】one's own vs oneself
one's own 意为“某人自己的”（形容词性），oneself 是名词性。如：
I saw it with my own eyes. (我亲眼所见)
I did it by myself. (我独自做的)
Unit 2 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. You have a sore throat. You ________ drink some hot tea with honey.
A. can't B. shouldn't C. should D. wouldn't
2. The kids enjoyed ________ at the party yesterday.
A. them B. they C. their D. themselves
3. —My tooth hurts. —You shouldn't ________ sweet food.
A. eat B. eating C. to eat D. ate
4. Nobody taught the old man how to use the smartphone. He taught ________.
A. himself B. itself C. myself D. yourself
5. —I cut ________ by accident when cooking.
—Be careful!
A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. You should ________ (lie) down and have a rest.
7. The girl learned to dress ________ (she) when she was three.
8. We should help ________ (we) to some fruit.
9. You ________ (should) stay up late. It's bad for your health.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Health is very important. Everyone wants to stay healthy. Here is some advice. First, you 10.________ (should) eat a balanced diet. You shouldn't eat too much junk food. Second, it's necessary to exercise regularly. You can enjoy 11.________ (you) by playing sports with friends. However, be careful not to hurt 12.________ (your). If you have a fever, you should 13.________ (take) your temperature. If it is serious, you should go to see a 14.________ (doc). Don't worry too much. A good mood helps you keep healthy. We can look after 15.________ (us) well if we follow the advice. Sometimes we may fall 16.________ (ill), but we can get well soon. Remember, we should 17.________ (drink) enough water every day. Good habits make a big 18.________ (differ).
【参考答案】
1-5: CDAAD
6. lie 7. herself 8. ourselves 9. shouldn't
10. should 11. yourself/yourselves 12. yourself/yourselves 13. take 14. doctor 15. ourselves 16. ill 17. drink 18. difference
Unit 3 Growing Up
语法主题：状语从句
定义：在复合句中作状语的从句。本单元重点学习 although (让步), until (时间), so that (目的/结果) 和 if (条件) 引导的从句。
考点1 让步状语从句 (although / though)
意为“虽然，尽管”。
Although you argued, you are still very close friends. (虽然你们争吵了，但你们仍是很亲密的朋友。)
【易错点】
although / though 不能与 but 连用，但可以与 still / yet 连用。
正：Although he is old, he is strong.
误：Although he is old, but he is strong.
考点2 时间状语从句 (until)
意为“直到……”。
肯定句 + until： 谓语动词需为延续性动词，表示动作一直持续到某时。
I waited until he came. (我一直等到他来。)
否定句 + until (not...until)： 谓语动词为短暂性动词，表示“直到……才……”。
I didn't go to bed until my mom came back. (直到妈妈回来我才睡觉。)
考点3 目的/结果状语从句 (so that)
意为“以便，为了” (目的) 或 “因此，以至于” (结果)。
You can write to your parents so that they'll know how you feel. (你可以给父母写信，以便他们知道你的感受。)
Unit 3 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. ________ he is very young, he knows a lot.
A. If B. Because C. Although D. So
2. I will wait here ________ the rain stops.
A. until B. after C. since D. if
3. Please speak loudly ________ everyone can hear you clearly.
A. such that B. so that C. in order to D. because
4. ________ you work hard, you will succeed.
A. Unless B. Although C. If D. Until
5. He didn't leave the office ________ he finished his work.
A. when B. while C. until D. after
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. Although it rained heavily, they ________ (go) on playing soccer.
7. I got up early so that I ________ (can) catch the early bus.
8. You won't improve your English if you ________ (not practice) speaking.
9. We ________ (wait) until the teacher came in.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Growing up brings happiness, but it also brings problems. Sometimes you may feel lonely 10.________ no one understands you. 11.________ you have problems, you should talk to someone. You can talk to your parents or teachers 12.________ that they can help you. Some students are afraid to speak out. They keep their worries to themselves 13.________ they feel worse. This is not good. 14.________ it is difficult to talk about your feelings, you should try. You will feel better after you share your problems. 15.________ you don't want to talk to people you know, you can write to a pen pal. Remember, you are not alone. There is always someone ready to help. Don't give up 16.________ you solve the problem. Facing the problem is the first step to growing up. Be brave, 17.________ you will be happy again. Life is beautiful, 18.________
【参考答案】
1-5: CABCC
6. went 7. could 8. don't practice 9. waited
10. because/if 11. If/When 12. so 13. until 14. Although/Though 15. If 16. until 17. and 18. isn't it
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
语法主题：形容词与副词的比较级和最高级 & 数词
注：本单元涉及地理知识与自然奇观的描述，重点在于使用比较级、最高级及大数字来描述山脉、河流、沙漠等。
考点1 形容词/副词的最高级
用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较。
结构： the + 形容词最高级 + (of/in...)
Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. (珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山。)
It is the deepest salt lake. (它是最深的咸水湖。)
考点2 形容词/副词的比较级
用于两者之间的比较。
Qomolangma is still growing taller. (珠穆朗玛峰还在长高。)
It is bigger than any other desert in Africa. (它比非洲任何其他沙漠都大。)
考点3 大数字与度量表达
描述自然奇观时常涉及具体的长度、高度、深度等。
长度/高度/深度表达： number + unit (meters/kilometers) + adjective (long/high/deep)
It is 8,848.86 meters high. (它有8848.86米高。)
It is about 6,300 kilometers long. (它长约6300公里。)
【拓展】one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词
意为“最……的之一”。
The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.
Unit 4 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. Qomolangma is ________ than any other mountain in the world.
A. high B. higher C. highest D. the highest
2. The Sahara is the biggest desert ________ the world.
A. in B. on C. at D. of
3. The Nile is one of the ________ rivers in the world.
A. long B. longer C. longest D. length
4. Which ocean is ________, the Pacific Ocean or the Atlantic Ocean
A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest
5. The wall is about ________.
A. 10 meters long B. 10-meters-long C. 10 meter long D. 10 meters length
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. China has the ________ (large) population in the world.
7. The Yellow River is the second ________ (long) river in China.
8. Which city is ________ (beautiful), Beijing or Shanghai
9. Qomolangma is 8,848.86 meters ________ (height).
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Do you know anything about the world's geography The 10.________ (high) mountain in the world is Qomolangma. It lies in China. It is 8,848.86 meters 11.________ (high). Many climbers want to climb it. However, it is dangerous because of the cold weather and heavy snow. The 12.________ (long) river in the world is the Nile. It goes through Egypt. The Amazon River is a little 13.________ (short) than the Nile, but it is the biggest river in the world. The Sahara is the 14.________ (big) desert. It is in Africa. It is much 15.________ (hot) than many other places. The Caspian Sea is the 16.________ (deep) salt lake in the world. Nature is amazing. We should respect nature and protect 17.________ (it). Let's learn 18.________ (much) about our beautiful world.
【参考答案】
1-5: BACBA (第5题 number + unit (pl.) + adj.)
6. largest 7. longest 8. more beautiful 9. high (adj.)
10. highest 11. high 12. longest 13. shorter 14. biggest 15. hotter 16. deepest 17. it 18. more

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