资源简介

人教版英语八年级下册 Unit 5-8 重点语法归纳
Unit 5 Nature's Temper
语法主题：过去进行时 (Past Continuous Tense)
考点1 过去进行时的含义
表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如 at that time, at 8:00 yesterday morning, when the teacher came in, while I was sleeping 等。
▲ What were you doing at 9:00 last night (昨晚9点你在做什么？)
考点2 句式结构
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + was/were + 动词-ing形式 + 其他 I was reading a book at this time yesterday.
否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 动词-ing形式 + 其他 They were not playing soccer when it rained.
一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 动词-ing形式 + 其他 —Were you watching TV
—Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.
考点3 when 与 while 的区别
在过去进行时中，when 和 while 都可以引导时间状语从句，但侧重点不同：
when (当……时候)：后面既可以接短暂性动词，也可以接延续性动词。
I was doing my homework when my mother came back. (当我妈妈回来时，我正在做作业。) [came 是短暂性动词]
while (当……时候)：后面必须接延续性动词，强调主句和从句动作同时进行，或者一个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行。
While I was walking to school, I saw a cat. (当我走去学校时，我看见了一只猫。)
My father was reading while my mother was cooking. (爸爸在看书，同时妈妈在做饭。)
【易错点】
不要混淆一般过去时和过去进行时。一般过去时强调动作已经发生或完成（did），过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行（was/were doing）。
Unit 5 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. —I called you at 8:00 last night, but no one answered.
—Sorry, I ________ a shower at that time.
A. take B. took C. am taking D. was taking
2. While the lights ________ to red, a car suddenly stopped.
A. were changing B. change C. are changing D. changed
3. My mother was cooking ________ my father was reading a newspaper.
A. while B. when C. as soon as D. before
4. What ________ you ________ when the rainstorm came
A. did; do B. were; doing C. are; doing D. do; do
5. He ________ a book when the phone rang.
A. reads B. is reading C. was reading D. read
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. It ________ (rain) heavily when I woke up this morning.
7. While we ________ (wait) for the bus, we saw an old friend.
8. What ________ you ________ (do) at this time yesterday
9. The students ________ (clean) the classroom when the teacher came in.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Yesterday was a terrible day. It was raining 10.________ (heavy) and the wind was blowing strongly. I 11.________ (walk) home from school when the storm started. Suddenly, I heard a loud noise. I looked up and saw a tree falling down. I was so scared 12.________ I ran into a shop nearby. Inside the shop, people 13.________ (wait) for the rain to stop. Some were making phone calls, and 14.________ were just looking out of the window. While I was standing there, a little boy started to cry. He couldn't find his mom. I helped him look for her. Luckily, we found her soon. The rain didn't stop 15.________ 7:00 p.m. When I got home, I was wet and cold. My mom made me some hot soup. It made me 16.________ (feel) warm. Natural disasters can be dangerous, so we must learn how to protect 17.________ (we).
Unit 6 Crossing Cultures
语法主题：连词 (Conjunctions)
考点1 结果状语从句 (Result Clauses) —— so ... that
意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
so + 形容词/副词 + that ...
The boy is so young that he can't go to school. (这男孩太小了，不能去上学。)
拓展：so...that 结构常与 too...to... (太……而不能……) 和 not...enough to... (不够……不能……) 互换。
He ran so fast that I couldn't catch him. = He ran too fast for me to catch.
考点2 条件状语从句 (Condition Clauses) —— unless
意为“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句。相当于 if ... not。
unless = if ... not
You will fail the exam unless you work hard. (除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。)
= You will fail the exam if you don't work hard.
注意：在 unless 引导的从句中，主句如果是将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表将来（主将从现）。
考点3 时间状语从句 (Time Clauses) —— as soon as
意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。
I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. (我一到北京就给你打电话。)
注意：同样遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
Unit 6 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. The box is ________ heavy ________ I can't carry it.
A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. very; that
2. You won't pass the English test ________ you study hard.
A. if B. unless C. when D. because
3. I will tell him the news ________ he comes back.
A. as soon as B. so that C. although D. unless
4. The movie was ________ interesting that I watched it twice.
A. such B. too C. very D. so
5. We will go for a picnic unless it ________ tomorrow.
A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. raining
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. Please call me as soon as you ________ (get) there.
7. He was so ________ (excite) that he couldn't fall asleep.
8. You will be late unless you ________ (leave) now.
9. The girl is old enough ________ (dress) herself.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Different countries have different cultures. When we travel abroad, we should learn about local customs. For example, in China, it is polite to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time. But in Japan, people usually bow. 10.________ (unless) you know the rules, you might make mistakes. Table manners are also important. In France, you shouldn't put your elbows (手肘) on the table. In India, people use their right hand to eat. They think the left hand is not clean. The world is 11.________ (so) big that there are many interesting things to learn. We should respect different cultures. 12.________ soon as we arrive in a new place, we should watch and learn from the locals. Remember, "When in Rome, do 13.________ the Romans do." If you follow the customs, you will have a 14.________ (good) trip. Don't be afraid to ask 15.________ help if you are not sure. People are usually friendly. Learning about culture is a way to make 16.________ (friend) with people from all over the world. It helps us understand each other 17.________ (well).
Unit 7 A Good Read
语法主题：现在完成时 (I) (Present Perfect Tense)
考点1 现在完成时的构成与含义
构成：have / has + 过去分词 (done)
含义：表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have read this book. (我看过这本书了。——所以我知道内容)
He has lost his key. (他丢了钥匙。——所以现在进不去门)
考点2 常用标志词 (重点)
现在完成时常与下列副词连用：
词汇 含义 用法位置
already 已经 多用于肯定句，通常放在 have/has 之后，过去分词之前，也可放在句末。
yet 还；已经 多用于否定句（表示“还”）和疑问句（表示“已经”），通常放在句末。
ever 曾经 多用于疑问句，放在主语之后，过去分词之前。
never 从不 多用于否定意义的句子，放在 have/has 之后。
just 刚刚 多用于肯定句，表示动作刚发生不久。
【易错点】have been to vs have gone to
1. have / has been to: 去过某地（人已回来）。
I have been to Shanghai twice. (我去过上海两次。)
2. have / has gone to: 去了某地（人还没回来）。
Where is Tom He has gone to the library. (他去图书馆了。)
Unit 7 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. —Have you ________ read Journey to the West
—Yes, I have read it twice.
A. never B. ever C. yet D. just
2. I have ________ finished my homework, but my brother hasn't finished his ________.
A. already; already B. yet; yet C. already; yet D. yet; already
3. —Where is Mr. Wang
—He ________ Beijing. He will be back next week.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. have been to D. have gone to
4. My parents ________ the Great Wall many times.
A. have gone to B. has been to C. have been to D. went to
5. —Would you like something to drink
—No, thanks. I have ________ had some tea.
A. just B. yet C. ever D. never
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. I ________ (not read) the book yet.
7. Have you ever ________ (visit) the Palace Museum
8. She ________ (just) come back from school.
9. They ________ (be) to Shanghai twice.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Reading is a good habit. I have loved reading since I was young. I 10.________ (read) many books so far. My favorite book is The Little Prince. Have you 11.________ (ever) heard of it It is a famous book written by a French writer. I have read it three 12.________ (time). It tells a story about a little prince from another planet. The story is interesting and moving. I have learned a lot from it. My friend Tom hasn't read it 13.________. He has 14.________ (go) to the library to borrow it. He wants to know what the book is about. I think everyone should read good books. Books can open a new world for us. I have decided to read more classics in the future. What about you Have you 15.________ (make) a reading plan Let's enjoy reading 16.________ (to). It brings us not only knowledge but also 17.________ (happy).
Unit 8 Making a Difference
语法主题：现在完成时 (II) (Present Perfect Tense) —— for 和 since
考点1 延续性用法
现在完成时可以表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。此时，动词必须是延续性动词。
常用时间状语：
for + 时间段 (如：for two years, for a long time)
since + 过去的时间点 / 一般过去时的从句 (如：since 2010, since he came here)
I have lived here for ten years. (我住在这里十年了。)
She has taught English since she left college. (她自大学毕业以来一直教英语。)
考点2 瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换 (重难点)
在肯定句中，瞬间动词（非延续性动词）不能与 for 或 since 引导的时间状语连用。如果需要表达持续的含义，必须将瞬间动词转换为对应的延续性动词或状态。
【规划变化】常见转换表
buy $\rightarrow$ have
borrow $\rightarrow$ keep
die $\rightarrow$ be dead
begin / start $\rightarrow$ be on
join $\rightarrow$ be in / be a member of
leave $\rightarrow$ be away (from)
come / go $\rightarrow$ be in
误：He has died for 3 years.
正：He has been dead for 3 years.
Unit 8 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. I have had this bike ________ three years.
A. for B. since C. in D. at
2. My grandfather ________ for over ten years.
A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. was dying
3. We ________ friends since we met at primary school.
A. have become B. have been C. became D. were
4. —How long may I ________ the book
—For two weeks.
A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. buy
5. Mr. Green ________ in China since 2010.
A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is living
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. I ________ (know) him for a long time.
7. The factory ________ (open) since 1990.
8. He ________ (be) in the army for two years.
9. We ________ (study) English since we were six years old.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Volunteering is a great way to make a difference. My friend Li Ming is a volunteer. He has 10.________ (be) a volunteer for three years. He works at an animal center. He has loved animals 11.________ (since) he was a child. Every weekend, he goes there to help take care of the homeless dogs and cats. He feeds them and plays with them. He says he has 12.________ (learn) a lot from this experience. He has made many friends who also love animals. Another volunteer I know is Sarah. She has joined a singing club to cheer up old people. She has 13.________ (sing) for the elderly in the nursing home for six months. The old people are very happy when they hear her songs. Sarah says, "I have never 14.________ (feel) so happy before. Helping others brings me joy." Have you 15.________ (do) any volunteer work If not, why not start now You can clean up the park or help kids with their homework. Even small things can help. Let's work together to make our world a 16.________ (good) place. I believe everyone has the power to change the world. It just 17.________ (take) a little love and time.人教版英语八年级下册 Unit 5-8 重点语法归纳
Unit 5 Nature's Temper
语法主题：过去进行时 (Past Continuous Tense)
考点1 过去进行时的含义
表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如 at that time, at 8:00 yesterday morning, when the teacher came in, while I was sleeping 等。
▲ What were you doing at 9:00 last night (昨晚9点你在做什么？)
考点2 句式结构
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + was/were + 动词-ing形式 + 其他 I was reading a book at this time yesterday.
否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 动词-ing形式 + 其他 They were not playing soccer when it rained.
一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 动词-ing形式 + 其他 —Were you watching TV
—Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.
考点3 when 与 while 的区别
在过去进行时中，when 和 while 都可以引导时间状语从句，但侧重点不同：
when (当……时候)：后面既可以接短暂性动词，也可以接延续性动词。
I was doing my homework when my mother came back. (当我妈妈回来时，我正在做作业。) [came 是短暂性动词]
while (当……时候)：后面必须接延续性动词，强调主句和从句动作同时进行，或者一个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行。
While I was walking to school, I saw a cat. (当我走去学校时，我看见了一只猫。)
My father was reading while my mother was cooking. (爸爸在看书，同时妈妈在做饭。)
【易错点】
不要混淆一般过去时和过去进行时。一般过去时强调动作已经发生或完成（did），过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行（was/were doing）。
Unit 5 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. —I called you at 8:00 last night, but no one answered.
—Sorry, I ________ a shower at that time.
A. take B. took C. am taking D. was taking
2. While the lights ________ to red, a car suddenly stopped.
A. were changing B. change C. are changing D. changed
3. My mother was cooking ________ my father was reading a newspaper.
A. while B. when C. as soon as D. before
4. What ________ you ________ when the rainstorm came
A. did; do B. were; doing C. are; doing D. do; do
5. He ________ a book when the phone rang.
A. reads B. is reading C. was reading D. read
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. It ________ (rain) heavily when I woke up this morning.
7. While we ________ (wait) for the bus, we saw an old friend.
8. What ________ you ________ (do) at this time yesterday
9. The students ________ (clean) the classroom when the teacher came in.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Yesterday was a terrible day. It was raining 10.________ (heavy) and the wind was blowing strongly. I 11.________ (walk) home from school when the storm started. Suddenly, I heard a loud noise. I looked up and saw a tree falling down. I was so scared 12.________ I ran into a shop nearby. Inside the shop, people 13.________ (wait) for the rain to stop. Some were making phone calls, and 14.________ were just looking out of the window. While I was standing there, a little boy started to cry. He couldn't find his mom. I helped him look for her. Luckily, we found her soon. The rain didn't stop 15.________ 7:00 p.m. When I got home, I was wet and cold. My mom made me some hot soup. It made me 16.________ (feel) warm. Natural disasters can be dangerous, so we must learn how to protect 17.________ (we).
【参考答案】
1-5: DAABC
6. was raining 7. were waiting 8. were; doing 9. were cleaning
10. heavily 11. was walking 12. that 13. were waiting 14. others 15. until 16. feel 17. ourselves
Unit 6 Crossing Cultures
语法主题：连词 (Conjunctions)
考点1 结果状语从句 (Result Clauses) —— so ... that
意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
so + 形容词/副词 + that ...
The boy is so young that he can't go to school. (这男孩太小了，不能去上学。)
拓展：so...that 结构常与 too...to... (太……而不能……) 和 not...enough to... (不够……不能……) 互换。
He ran so fast that I couldn't catch him. = He ran too fast for me to catch.
考点2 条件状语从句 (Condition Clauses) —— unless
意为“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句。相当于 if ... not。
unless = if ... not
You will fail the exam unless you work hard. (除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。)
= You will fail the exam if you don't work hard.
注意：在 unless 引导的从句中，主句如果是将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表将来（主将从现）。
考点3 时间状语从句 (Time Clauses) —— as soon as
意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。
I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. (我一到北京就给你打电话。)
注意：同样遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
Unit 6 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. The box is ________ heavy ________ I can't carry it.
A. too; to B. so; that C. enough; to D. very; that
2. You won't pass the English test ________ you study hard.
A. if B. unless C. when D. because
3. I will tell him the news ________ he comes back.
A. as soon as B. so that C. although D. unless
4. The movie was ________ interesting that I watched it twice.
A. such B. too C. very D. so
5. We will go for a picnic unless it ________ tomorrow.
A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. raining
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. Please call me as soon as you ________ (get) there.
7. He was so ________ (excite) that he couldn't fall asleep.
8. You will be late unless you ________ (leave) now.
9. The girl is old enough ________ (dress) herself.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Different countries have different cultures. When we travel abroad, we should learn about local customs. For example, in China, it is polite to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time. But in Japan, people usually bow. 10.________ (unless) you know the rules, you might make mistakes. Table manners are also important. In France, you shouldn't put your elbows (手肘) on the table. In India, people use their right hand to eat. They think the left hand is not clean. The world is 11.________ (so) big that there are many interesting things to learn. We should respect different cultures. 12.________ soon as we arrive in a new place, we should watch and learn from the locals. Remember, "When in Rome, do 13.________ the Romans do." If you follow the customs, you will have a 14.________ (good) trip. Don't be afraid to ask 15.________ help if you are not sure. People are usually friendly. Learning about culture is a way to make 16.________ (friend) with people from all over the world. It helps us understand each other 17.________ (well).
【参考答案】
1-5: BBADB
6. get 7. excited 8. leave 9. to dress
10. Unless 11. so 12. As 13. as 14. better/good 15. for 16. friends 17. better
Unit 7 A Good Read
语法主题：现在完成时 (I) (Present Perfect Tense)
考点1 现在完成时的构成与含义
构成：have / has + 过去分词 (done)
含义：表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have read this book. (我看过这本书了。——所以我知道内容)
He has lost his key. (他丢了钥匙。——所以现在进不去门)
考点2 常用标志词 (重点)
现在完成时常与下列副词连用：
词汇 含义 用法位置
already 已经 多用于肯定句，通常放在 have/has 之后，过去分词之前，也可放在句末。
yet 还；已经 多用于否定句（表示“还”）和疑问句（表示“已经”），通常放在句末。
ever 曾经 多用于疑问句，放在主语之后，过去分词之前。
never 从不 多用于否定意义的句子，放在 have/has 之后。
just 刚刚 多用于肯定句，表示动作刚发生不久。
【易错点】have been to vs have gone to
1. have / has been to: 去过某地（人已回来）。
I have been to Shanghai twice. (我去过上海两次。)
2. have / has gone to: 去了某地（人还没回来）。
Where is Tom He has gone to the library. (他去图书馆了。)
Unit 7 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. —Have you ________ read Journey to the West
—Yes, I have read it twice.
A. never B. ever C. yet D. just
2. I have ________ finished my homework, but my brother hasn't finished his ________.
A. already; already B. yet; yet C. already; yet D. yet; already
3. —Where is Mr. Wang
—He ________ Beijing. He will be back next week.
A. has been to B. has gone to C. have been to D. have gone to
4. My parents ________ the Great Wall many times.
A. have gone to B. has been to C. have been to D. went to
5. —Would you like something to drink
—No, thanks. I have ________ had some tea.
A. just B. yet C. ever D. never
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. I ________ (not read) the book yet.
7. Have you ever ________ (visit) the Palace Museum
8. She ________ (just) come back from school.
9. They ________ (be) to Shanghai twice.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Reading is a good habit. I have loved reading since I was young. I 10.________ (read) many books so far. My favorite book is The Little Prince. Have you 11.________ (ever) heard of it It is a famous book written by a French writer. I have read it three 12.________ (time). It tells a story about a little prince from another planet. The story is interesting and moving. I have learned a lot from it. My friend Tom hasn't read it 13.________. He has 14.________ (go) to the library to borrow it. He wants to know what the book is about. I think everyone should read good books. Books can open a new world for us. I have decided to read more classics in the future. What about you Have you 15.________ (make) a reading plan Let's enjoy reading 16.________ (to). It brings us not only knowledge but also 17.________ (happy).
【参考答案】
1-5: BCBCA
6. haven't read 7. visited 8. has just 9. have been
10. have read 11. ever 12. times 13. yet 14. gone 15. made 16. together 17. happiness
Unit 8 Making a Difference
语法主题：现在完成时 (II) (Present Perfect Tense) —— for 和 since
考点1 延续性用法
现在完成时可以表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。此时，动词必须是延续性动词。
常用时间状语：
for + 时间段 (如：for two years, for a long time)
since + 过去的时间点 / 一般过去时的从句 (如：since 2010, since he came here)
I have lived here for ten years. (我住在这里十年了。)
She has taught English since she left college. (她自大学毕业以来一直教英语。)
考点2 瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换 (重难点)
在肯定句中，瞬间动词（非延续性动词）不能与 for 或 since 引导的时间状语连用。如果需要表达持续的含义，必须将瞬间动词转换为对应的延续性动词或状态。
【规划变化】常见转换表
buy $\rightarrow$ have
borrow $\rightarrow$ keep
die $\rightarrow$ be dead
begin / start $\rightarrow$ be on
join $\rightarrow$ be in / be a member of
leave $\rightarrow$ be away (from)
come / go $\rightarrow$ be in
误：He has died for 3 years.
正：He has been dead for 3 years.
Unit 8 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. I have had this bike ________ three years.
A. for B. since C. in D. at
2. My grandfather ________ for over ten years.
A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. was dying
3. We ________ friends since we met at primary school.
A. have become B. have been C. became D. were
4. —How long may I ________ the book
—For two weeks.
A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. buy
5. Mr. Green ________ in China since 2010.
A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is living
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. I ________ (know) him for a long time.
7. The factory ________ (open) since 1990.
8. He ________ (be) in the army for two years.
9. We ________ (study) English since we were six years old.
三、短文填空（每空一词）
Volunteering is a great way to make a difference. My friend Li Ming is a volunteer. He has 10.________ (be) a volunteer for three years. He works at an animal center. He has loved animals 11.________ (since) he was a child. Every weekend, he goes there to help take care of the homeless dogs and cats. He feeds them and plays with them. He says he has 12.________ (learn) a lot from this experience. He has made many friends who also love animals. Another volunteer I know is Sarah. She has joined a singing club to cheer up old people. She has 13.________ (sing) for the elderly in the nursing home for six months. The old people are very happy when they hear her songs. Sarah says, "I have never 14.________ (feel) so happy before. Helping others brings me joy." Have you 15.________ (do) any volunteer work If not, why not start now You can clean up the park or help kids with their homework. Even small things can help. Let's work together to make our world a 16.________ (good) place. I believe everyone has the power to change the world. It just 17.________ (take) a little love and time.
【参考答案】
1-5: ACBBB (第2题 die 需转为 be dead; 第3题 become 需转为 be; 第4题 borrow 需转为 keep)
6. have known 7. has been open 8. has been 9. have studied
10. been 11. since 12. learned/learnt 13. sung 14. felt 15. done 16. better 17. takes

展开更多......

收起↑