资源简介 Day12.形容词与副词的词义转换规律(hard, well 等)参考答案与详解第一部分解析1.B | 【解析】语境为“噪音太大听不清”,hardly 表示“几乎不”。hard 表示“努力/困难”。2.B | 【解析】look 是系动词,后接形容词作表语。tired 是形容词“疲劳的”。3.A | 【解析】enough 修饰形容词需放在形容词后。本句表达一种特征,用原级 strong。4.D | 【解析】[中考高频点] lately 表示“最近”(常用于完成时);hardly 表示“几乎不”。5.A | 【解析】修饰不定代词形容词后置。肯定句用 something。6.B | 【解析】highly 意为“高度地/极力地”,常用于 highly recommended(极力推荐)。第二部分解析7.friendly | 【解析】[易错点] friendly 是以 -ly 结尾的形容词,不是副词。8.well | 【解析】修饰动词 did 应用副词。good 的副词是 well。9.heavily | 【解析】修饰动词 rain,且表示雨下得大,用 heavily。10.hardly | 【解析】根据“题太难”判断出是“几乎不能”解出来,故用否定副词 hardly。11.wide | 【解析】[深度辨析] wide 指空间上的“宽阔地/充分地”;widely 指抽象的“广泛地”。此处指窗户大开,用 wide。12.fluently | 【解析】修饰动词 speak,用副词形式。第三部分解析13.B | warm enough | 【解析】enough 修饰形容词必须后置。14.C | to tell | 【解析】something important to tell you(有重要的事情要告诉你),用不定式作定语。15.highly | 【解析】think highly of 是固定短语,表示“高度评价/评价高”。16.widely | 【解析】此处指阅读的范围广,用引申义副词 widely。17.lately; hardly | 【解析】lately = recently;hardly = almost not。18.careful enough | 【解析】位置规则:Adj. + enough。30 天早背晚练——初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 12:形容词与副词的词义转换规律(hard, well 等)一、 词形转换:从形容词(Adj.)到副词(Adv.)1.常规变化规则-规则分类 变化方法 典型例词一般情况 直接加 -ly slow→slowly; quick → quickly以 y 结尾 辅音字母+y,y 变 i 加 -ly happy→happily; heavy → heavily以 le 结尾 去 e 加 y gentle→gently; simple →simply以 ic 结尾 加 -ally automatic →automatically (例外: publicly)不规则变化 特殊记忆 good→ well-2.警惕“貌似副词”的形容词有些词以 -ly 结尾,但它们是形容词而非副词,中考常在谓语动词后设坑。常用词: friendly (友好的), lovely (可爱的), lonely (孤独的), lively (生动的), elderly (年长的).例句:He is very friendly to us. (系动词后用形容词)二、 核心辨析:同源词的词义突变这是中考最核心的“踩坑点”,重点在于区分物理含义与抽象含义。1. hard vs. hardlyhard (Adj./Adv.): 努力地、剧烈地、坚硬的、困难的。例: He works hard. (他努力工作)hardly (Adv.): 几乎不 (具有否定意义,常用于反义疑问句)。例: He can hardly speak English. (他几乎不会说英语)2. late vs. latelylate (Adj./Adv.): 迟,晚。例: Don't be late for school.lately (Adv.): 最近,近来 (常用于现在完成时)。例: I haven't seen him lately.3. wide vs. widelywide (Adj./Adv.): 宽阔地,充分地 (指空间距离)。例: Open your mouth wide.widely (Adv.): 广泛地 (指普及程度)。例: English is widely used.第 27 页 共 85 页4. high vs. highlyhigh (Adj./Adv.): 高地 (指具体的物理高度)。例: The plane is flying high.highly (Adv.): 高度地,极力地 (指程度或评价)。例: We think highly of him. (我们对他评价很高)三、 位置规则:形容词与副词放哪里?1. 形容词的位置定语: 放在名词前。例: a beautiful girl.表语: 放在系动词(be, look, feel, smell, taste, sound, become, keep)后。例: The music sounds nice.后置: 修饰不定代词(something, anything, nothing 等)时,形容词必须后置。例: something important.2. 副词的位置修饰动词: 通常放在动词后,或动词+宾语后。例: Run fast.修饰形容词/副词: 放在被修饰词之前。例: quite good, very carefully.enough 的特殊性: enough 必须放在形容词或副词之后。例: old enough, carefully enough.四、记忆技巧“感官动词”需注意: 中考看到 look, feel, smell, taste, sound,后面第一反应找形容词,不是副词。否定词频考点: hardly, never, seldom 本身表否定。在反义疑问句中,附加疑问部分用肯定形式。例: He can hardly swim, can he “形副同体”七口诀:fast, early, late, hard, high, wide, deep. 这七个词,形容词和副词长得一模一样,别再自作聪明加 -ly。五、 主要出题方向词义转化考查: 命题人常在语篇中给出 late,要求学生填 lately。判断依据:看动作是否具有“持续至今”的特点。复合不定代词+Adj.: 每年中考必考“something special”或“nothing serious”的语序,记住“代先形后”。第 28 页 共 85 页30 天早背晚练——初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 12: 形容词与副词的词义转换规律(hard, well 等)【配套练习】姓名: 日期: 分数:一、单项选择【目标:考查高频易混词对(hard/hardly, late/lately 等)及词性基本功。】1.(2024·江苏)— Can you hear me, Mike — Sorry, there’s too much noise here. I can ________ hear you.A. hard B. hardly C. nearly D. clearly2.(2023·武汉)—You look ________ today. What’s wrong — I didn’t sleep well last night because of the noise.A. happily B. tired C. tiredly D. happy3.(2022·北京) The girl is ________ enough to lift the heavy box by herself.A. strong B. strongly C. stronger D. the strongest4.(2024·模拟预测) Our teacher has ________ seen him ________ because he moved to another city.A. late; late B. late; lately C. lately; late D. hardly; lately5.(2021·上海) I have ________ interesting to tell you. Let’s sit down. (注:此题考查形容词修饰不定代词的位置)A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing6.(2023·广州) The film is ________ recommended by many famous actors.A. high B. highly C. tall D. higher二、用所给词的适当形式填空【目标:考查词形转换规则、形副同体词及特殊 -ly 结尾词。】7.(2022·河南)My mother is very ________ (friendly) to her neighbors.8.(2024·四川模拟) He did ________ (good) in the English competition and won the first prize.9.(2023·天津) It’s raining ________ (heavy). We’d better stay at home.10.(2022·杭州) This math problem is so difficult that I can ________ (hard) work it out.11.(2024·模拟) The window is ________ (wide) open to let the fresh air in.12.(2023·重庆) To our surprise, the little boy can speak English ________ (fluent).三、综合应用:纠错与翻译【目标:考查位置规则(enough、不定代词)及抽象词义转换。】13.(纠错) (A) Is the water (B) enough warm (C) to swim (D) in 错误项:______ 改正:____________14.(纠错) I have (A) something (B) important (C) telling (D) you. 错误项:______ 改正:____________15.(翻译) 老师高度评价了那部电影。(使用 high/highly 辨析) The teacher thought ________________ of that movie.16.(翻译) 广泛地阅读能帮助我们获得更多知识。(使用 wide/widely 辨析) Reading ________________ can help us getmore knowledge.17.(情景应用) 我最近太忙了,几乎没有时间休息。(late/lately, hard/hardly 综合) I’ve been too busy ________________,and I ________________ have any time to rest.18.(翻译) 这个男孩足够细心,能照顾好自己。 The boy is ________________ to look after himself.第 29 页 共 85 页 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 【30天早背晚练】初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 12.pdf 初中英语语法强基30天训练计划(答案)_12.pdf