资源简介 Day23. 过去完成时 (had done) 与 by/before 搭配参考答案与详解第一部分:单项选择1.D | 【解析】"By + 过去时间点"(上月底)是过去完成时的标志性状语。2.C | 【解析】[中考陷阱] "到电影院"是过去,"电影开始"是过去的过去,需用过去完成时。由于有 "for tenminutes" 这一时间段,瞬间动词 begun 必须换成延续状态 been on。3.C | 【解析】"在妈妈回来(came)之前",动作发生在过去的过去,选 had finished。4.D | 【解析】宾语从句时态回退。主句是 said(过去),去过长城发生在说之前,用过去完成时。5.C | 【解析】同第 2题逻辑。By the time 引导过去时从句,主句用过去完成时;由于隐含“状态”,died 强调动作,had been dead 强调截止到医生来时已经死了一段时间,符合逻辑。6.C | 【解析】先寄信(had posted),我才说话。7.A | 【解析】昨天还书(事实,用过去式),还书的原因是之前已经读完了(动作先后,用过完)。8.B | 【解析】没去聚会(过去),是因为在那之前已经约了牙医。9.C | 【解析】固定句型:"It was the first time that + 过去完成时"。10.B | 【解析】By the time 引导过去式从句,主句强调截止到雨停已经练习了两小时。第二部分:语法填空11.had left | 【解析】离开发生在醒来之前。12.had left | 【解析】意识到(realized)是过去,伞丢在车上是更早的过去。13.had lived | 【解析】在搬家(moved)到伦敦之前,住在巴黎是“过去的过去”。14.had finished | 【解析】By + 过去时间点。15.had already stood | 【解析】铃响时,老师已经在那儿了。第三部分:综合应用16.had already run away | 【解析】考查过完时主动语态。17.had finished his work | 【解析】合并句需体现先完成工作,再回家。18.had been built | 【解析】[高难度压轴点] 过去完成时 + 被动语态(had been done)。学校是被建成的。30 天早背晚练——初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 23:过去完成时 (had done) 与 by/before 搭配一、 核心概念:什么是“过去的过去”?1. 定义逻辑:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。它是一个相对时态,不能孤立存在,必须有一个“过去的时间点”作为参照。参照点(Past Time): 昨天、上周、甚至是一个过去的动作(如“当我到家时”)。动作发生点(Past of Past): 在这个参照点之前发生的事,就用过去完成时。2. 构成公式肯定句: 主语 + had + 过去分词 (done) + 其他否定句: 主语 + had not (hadn't) + 过去分词 + 其他疑问句: Had + 主语 + 过去分词 + ... 注意:had 在此处为助动词,无人称和数的变化,所有主语一视同仁。二、 核心标志词:By / Before / When 的逻辑链条这是中考命题的“题眼”,看到这些词组结合过去时间,必须形成条件反射。1. By + 过去时间点含义: “截止到……(过去某时)为止”。用法: by 短语是过去完成时的“伴侣”。例句:We had learnt 2,000 words by the end of last term.(参照点:上学期末。动作:学了 2000 词。时间关系:截止到那个点已完成。)例句:By nine o'clock yesterday, they had finished the work.2. Before + 过去动作 (从句)含义: “在……(过去动作)之前”。用法: before 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时。例句:They had locked the door before they left.(参照动作:离开 left。先发生的动作:锁门 had locked。)3. When + 过去动作 (从句)含义: “当……(过去动作)发生时”。用法: when 引导的从句用一般过去时,主句表示在此之前已经发生的事,用过去完成时。经典考题(火车站/电影院场景):例句:When I got to the station, the bus had left.(我到车站是“过去”,车开走是“过去的过去”。)例句:When I arrived at the cinema, the film had already begun.三、两个特殊句型(阅读理解高频)虽然中考语法填空考查较少,但在阅读理解中经常出现,需能识别。1.said / told / thought + 宾语从句:当主句谓语是 said, told, knew, thought 等过去式时,从句中若表示“已经做过”,必须用过去完成时(时态回退原则)。例:He said that he had finished the homework. (他说他已经做完了。)2.It was the first/second time that... (如果前面是 It was...,后面从句一定要用 had done。)例:It was the second time that I had visited the Great Wall. (那是第二次去。)第 58 页 共 85 页例:(对比:It is the second time that I have visited... 这是第二次去。)四、难点辨析:三大时态的“三角关系”学生最容易混淆的是:现在完成时、一般过去时、过去完成时。请看下表深度解析:-时态 核心逻辑 参照点 时间轴图解 例句现在完成时 过去动作对现在有影响 现在 (Now) Past → I have lost my key. (所以我现在进不去)Present一般过去时 过去发生的事(陈述事实) 过去 (Then) Past I lost my key yesterday. (仅仅叙述昨天丢了)过去完成时 过去的过去发生的事 过去某时 Past of Past I had lost my key before I got home. (回(Then) → Past 家前就已经丢了)-需注意:做题时,先找句子里有没有“过去的时间”。如果没有过去时间,通常选现在完成时。如果有过去时间,再看动作是在这个时间“当时”发生的(一般过去时),还是“之前”发生的(过去完成时)。五、记忆技巧1.“找基准”法:做过去完成时的题,第一步永远是找那个“过去的时间点”(可能是 last week,也可能是 when he came)。找不到这个“过去”,绝不选 had done。2.“先后顺序”法:在叙述过去的语境中,先发生的动作 → 过去完成时;后发生的动作 → 一般过去时。想一想:先锁门还是先离开?先到车站还是车先走?3.口诀记忆:过去完成有特点,时间参照在昨天(过去)。By、Before、When 引导,动作发生在之前。主句 Had 加 Done,从句过去是基点。六、出题方向参考不再单纯考结构: 题目不会简单地给你 By the end of last year 让你填空,而是会给出一个微型故事,要求你根据上下文逻辑判断动作先后。语态融合: 过去完成时常与被动语态结合考查。例: The room had been cleaned before we arrived. (注意 had been done 结构)。第 59 页 共 85 页30 天早背晚练——初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 23:过去完成时 (had done) 与 by/before 搭配【配套练习】姓名: 日期: 分数:一、 单项选择【考点:By/Before 逻辑、宾语从句时态回退、动作先后顺序判断。】1.(2024·江苏模拟) By the end of last month, we ________ more than 2,000 English words.A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. had learned2.(2023·武汉)When I got to the cinema, the movie ________ for ten minutes.A. has begun B. had begun C. had been on D. was on3.(2022·北京) I ________ my homework before my mother came back home.A. finish B. have finished C. had finished D. will finish4.(2024·预测) He said he ________ the Great Wall twice, so he didn't want to go again.A. visits B. visited C. has visited D. had visited5.(2021·上海) By the time the doctor arrived, the old man ________.A. died B. has died C. had been dead D. had died6.(2023·广东)My brother ________ the letter before I could say anything.A. posted B. has posted C. had posted D. posts7.(2022·杭州) I ________ the book back to the library yesterday because I ________ it.A. gave; had finished B. had given; finished C. gave; have finished D. have given; had finished8.(2024·模拟预测)—Why didn't you go to the party — Because I ________ an appointment with my dentist.A. have made B. had made C. make D. will make9.(2023·天津) It was the first time that I ________ such a beautiful place.A. see B. have seen C. had seen D. saw10.(2022·成都) They ________ for two hours by the time the rain stopped.A. have practiced B. had practiced C. practiced D. were practicing二、 语法填空【考点:瞬间动词转换为延续性状态、时态对比。】11.(2024·模拟) By the time I woke up, my father ________ (leave) for work.12.(2023·河南) I realized that I ________ (leave) my umbrella on the bus.13.(2022·温州) Before she moved to London, she ________ (live) in Paris for five years.14.(2024·预测) By 8 o'clock yesterday evening, they ________ (finish) their discussion.15.(2023·陕西)When the bell rang, the teacher ________ (already / stand) at the door.三、 综合应用:翻译与句型转换【考点:句型结构输出与逻辑转换。】16.(翻译) 当警察赶到现场时,那个贼已经跑掉了。When the police arrived, the thief ________________________________.17.(句型转换) He finished his work. Then he went home. (用 before 合并为一句) He ________________________________before he went home.18.(翻译) 截止到去年年底,这所学校已经建成了。By the end of last year, the school ________________________________.第 60 页 共 85 页 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 【30天早背晚练】初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 23.pdf 初中英语语法强基30天训练计划(答案)_23.pdf