资源简介 30 天早背晚练——初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 25:宾语从句:引导词选择、陈述语序与主从句时态一致性原则一、宾语从句的本质在主句的动词、介词或形容词后充当宾语的句子。例:I know (that) he is a good student.(括号内整个句子作 know 的宾语)二、要素一:引导词(连接词)的选择根据从句的原句式性质,分为三类:-从句原句型 引导词 语义与注意事项 典型例句陈述句 that 无意义,仅起连接作用。口语中常省略。 I hear that he has won the race.一般疑问句 if / whether 意为“是否”。不能省略。 I wonder if it will rain tomorrow.特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 who, what, which, when, where, why, how Please tell me where the bank is.-易错点:if 与 whether 的博弈虽然大多数情况可互换,但以下情况只能用 whether:1.与 or not 直接连用时:I don't know whether or not he will come.2.介词之后:It depends on whether we have enough money.3.连接“不定式”:I'm not sure whether to go.三、 要素二:陈述语序(语序原则)【常考重点】 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句一律使用陈述语序(即:连接词 + 主语 + 谓语)。1.典型易错对比:直接引语: Where is the post office (疑问语序)间接引语: Can you tell me where the post office is (陈述语序)2.注意特殊情况:当疑问词本身在从句中作主语时,语序自然呈现陈述状。例: Who is singing → I don't know who is singing.四、 要素三:时态一致性原则易失分环节:遵循“主过从过,主现从任”口诀。1. 主句是一般现在时:从句时态根据实际需要而定,不受主句限制。例:I hear that he joined the army last year. (过去)例:I hear that he will come tomorrow. (将来)2. 主句是一般过去时:从句必须调整为对应的过去时态。一般现在时 → 一般过去时一般将来时 → 过去将来时 (would)现在进行时 → 过去进行时现在完成时 → 过去完成时 (had done)3. 特殊例外(不回退原则)【高频考点】 若从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象、科学事实或格言警句,无论主句是什么时态,从句一律用一般现第 64 页 共 85 页在时。例:The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. (不可用 moved)五、 名师实战技巧:避坑指南“双重疑问”陷阱:中考常考 Do you know... 引导的宾语从句。注意:问号是因为主句是疑问句,但从句语序依然要倒装回陈述语序。It 形式宾语:当宾语从句后有宾补(如形容词)时,常用 it 作形式宾语。例: We find it necessary that we should protect the environment.否定转移:主句谓语动词是 think, believe, guess, suppose 且主语为第一人称时,从句的否定要转移到主句。例: I don't think he is right. (我不认为他是对的 $\rightarrow$ 翻译为“我认为他不对”)六、出题方向参考结合生活场景: 题目常设在“询问路线、打听消息、转达通知”等真实对话中。从句套从句: 在高难度题目中,宾语从句可能嵌套在定语从句或状语从句中。重点考查:侧重 if/whether 的逻辑判断,以及在过去时主句背景下,对 could/would 助动词的精准还原。第 65 页 共 85 页30 天早背晚练——初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 25:宾语从句:引导词选择、陈述语序与主从句时态一致性原则【配套练习】姓名: 日期: 分数:一、 单项选择【考点:连接词辨析、陈述语序、时态一致性。】1.(2024·苏州)— Excuse me, could you tell me ________ the nearest post office — Sure. Walk past the bank and you’ll find it.A. how can I get to B. how I can get to C. where can I get to D. where I can get to2.(2023·广州) Our teacher told us that the light ________ much faster than the sound.A. traveled B. travels C. is traveling D. was traveling3.(2022·北京) I’m not sure ________ there will be a heavy rain tomorrow.A. that B. what C. whether D. who4.(2024·成都)—Do you know ________ —At 8:30 a.m. in the school hall.A. when the meeting will begin B. when will the meeting beginC. where the meeting will begin D. where will the meeting begin5.(2023·上海)We are all curious ________ that young man found the lost treasure.A. how B. what C. if D. whether6.(2021·陕西) I wonder ________.A. who did he talk with B. who he talked with C. who does he talk with D. who he talks with7.(2022·福建)— I’m worried about ________ I can pass the swimming test.— Believe in yourself! You’ve practiced so hard.A. that B. why C. whether D. what8.(2024·武汉模拟) The girl asked her mother ________ her a new dress for the party.A. if she will buy B. if she would buy C. whether she buys D. whether she has bought9.(2023·重庆) Could you tell me ________ I want to buy some fruits.A. where is the supermarket B. where the supermarket isC. how can I go to the supermarket D. how I could go to the supermarket10.(2025·模拟) No one knows ________ or not the football match will be put off.A. if B. whether C. that D. when第 66 页 共 85 页二、 语法填空:句型转化与单词变形【考点:陈述语序还原及主从时态匹配。】11.(2023·青岛) "Does it take ten minutes to get to the station " he asked. (改为宾语从句)He asked ________ it ________ ten minutes to get to the station.12.(2024·模拟) "What are you doing now " she asked me. (改为宾语从句)She asked me what I ________ ________ ________.13.(2022·杭州) I didn't know whether he ________ (come) to the party last night.14.(2023·河北) Do you know ________ (who) those books belong to 15.(2024·模拟) Our teacher said that the sun ________ (be) much bigger than the earth.三、 综合应用:汉译英与病句诊断【考点:语言输出与深度纠错。】16.(翻译) 你知道他们什么时候离开这里的吗? ____________________________________________________________ 17.(病句诊断) 找出并修改下面句子的错误。 I don't know what is the matter with him.修改建议:_________________________________________________ (注:本题含隐藏坑点)18.(翻译) 我认为他不会在会议上发言。____________________________________________________________.(注意否定转移)第 67 页 共 85 页Day25. 宾语从句:引导词选择、陈述语序与主从句时态一致性原则参考答案与详解第一部分:单项选择1.B | 【解析】宾语从句用陈述语序,排除 A、C;由答语指路可知问的是“如何到达”,选 B。2.B | 【解析】[中考常考点] 光速比音速快是客观科学事实,无论主句是什么时态,从句一律用一般现在时。3.C | 【解析】"I'm not sure"(我不确定)后接表示“是否”的从句,选 whether。4.A | 【解析】语序排除 B、D。答语给出的是时间(8:30 a.m.),故引导词用 when。5.A | 【解析】句意为“我们都很好奇那个年轻人是如何找到宝藏的”。how表方式。6.B | 【解析】主句 wonder 是一般现在时,从句时态根据实际情况定。语序需用陈述语序(主语在前),故选 B。7.C | 【解析】介词 about 后面引导宾语从句表示“是否”时,通常用 whether。8.B | 【解析】主句 asked 是过去式,从句需用对应的过去时态(时态回退)。will 变 would。9.B | 【解析】[命题坑点] 虽然主句是 Could you... 委婉语气,但它是一般现在时,从句语序需陈述,排除 A、C。D选项 could 虽然是过去式,但 here/there 或 buy fruits 通常指现在或将来的需求,故 B更标准。10.B | 【解析】[固定搭配] 只有 whether 能与 or not 直接连用。第二部分:语法填空11.if/whether; took | 【解析】主句是一般过去式,从句 take 变 took。12.was doing then | 【解析】现在进行时 am doing 变为过去进行时 was doing,now 变 then。13.came | 【解析】主从时态一致。14.who | 【解析】引导词作从句主语,语序保持不变。15.is | 【解析】科学事实,不回退时态。第三部分:综合应用16.Do you know when they left here | 【解析】陈述语序,注意 leave 用过去式。17.原句正确,无需修改。 | 【解析】[名师解析] 这是最经典的坑点。what's the matter 中 what 本身就是主语,语序本身就是陈述语序,不需要写成 what the matter is。18.I don't think (that) he will speak at the meeting. |【解析】否定转移,宾语从句的否定要实现在主句 think 上。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 【30天早背晚练】初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 25.pdf 初中英语语法强基30天训练计划(答案)_25.pdf