资源简介 Day26. 定语从句:关系代词 (who/which/that) 与关系副词 (where/when/why) 的区分参考答案与详解第一部分:单项选择1.C | 【解析】[易错点] 先行词 village 虽是地点,但代入从句作 visit 的宾语(visit the village),故用关系代词 that/which。2.B | 【解析】先行词被 the very 修饰时,关系词只能用 that。3.A | 【解析】先行词是人,从句缺主语,用 who。4.B | 【解析】[踩坑点] 先行词 time 虽是时间,但代入从句作 spent 的宾语(spend the time),故用关系代词 that。5.C | 【解析】代入从句为 we read books in the library,作地点状语,用 where。6.D | 【解析】先行词被 all 修饰,关系词只能用 that。7.B | 【解析】先行词是 reason,且在从句中作原因状语(for the reason),用 why。8.C | 【解析】代入从句为 we visited the museum,作宾语,用 which/that。9.C | 【解析】先行词是人,从句缺主语,用 who。10.C | 【解析】代入从句为 I grew up in the town,作地点状语,用 where。第二部分:语法填空11.who | 【解析】指人,作主语。12.that | 【解析】先行词被 the only 修饰,必须用 that。13.when | 【解析】代入从句为 I joined the army on that day,作时间状语。14.where | 【解析】代入从句为 we stayed at the hotel,作地点状语。15.whose | 【解析】表示“……的”,指“那个女孩的姐姐”。第三部分:综合练习16.This is the factory that/which I visited last year. | 【解析】visit 是及物动词,直接接 factory,所以用关系代词。17.This is the factory where my father works. | 【解析】work 是不及物动词,需表达“在工厂工作(in thefactory)”,故用关系副词 where。18.将 when 改为 that/which (或省略) | 【解析】see 是及物动词,这里缺的是 see 的宾语,不能用时间状语when。30 天早背晚练——初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 26:定语从句:关系代词 (who/which/that) 与关系副词 (where/when/why) 的区分一、 核心概念:定语从句的“骨架”结构定语从句就像一个“形容词”,用来修饰前面的名词或代词(称为先行词)。连接主句与从句的词称为关系词。关系词的三大作用:连接作用: 连接主句和从句。指代作用: 代替前面的先行词。成分作用: 在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语。二、 关系代词:who, whom, which, that, whose关系代词在从句中通常充当主语或宾语。-关系代词 先行词 从句成分 典型例句who 人 主语/宾语 The girl who is singing is my sister.whom 人 宾语 The boy whom I met yesterday is Tom.which 物 主语/宾语 I like the book which has a red cover.that 人或物 主语/宾语 This is the bag that I bought today.whose 人或物 定语(……的) A boy whose father is a doctor came here.-需注意: 当关系代词在从句中作宾语时,可以省略。但在作主语时绝对不能省。三、 关系副词:when, where, why关系副词在从句中充当状语(时间、地点、原因状语)。-关系副词 先行词 从句成分 转换规律 (介词+which) 典型例句when 时间 时间状语 = at/in/on which I'll never forget the day when we met.where 地点 地点状语 = in/at which This is the factory where my father works.why 原因 原因状语 = for which That is the reason why he was late.-四、 难点攻克:关系代词 vs. 关系副词的判定这是中考最常见的踩坑点。判断的关键不在于先行词,而在于从句是否缺成分。判定技巧:“成分拆解法”1.把先行词代入从句。2.如果先行词直接作主语或宾语,选关系代词。第 68 页 共 85 页3.如果先行词需要加个介词才能在从句中跑通,选关系副词。例 1: This is the house ______ I built.代入从句:I built the house. (作宾语) → 填 which/that。例 2: This is the house ______ I live.代入从句:I live in the house. (需要加 in,作地点状语) → 填 where。五、 细节补充:必须使用 that 的特殊情况当中考题目出现以下情形时,只能用 that,不能用 which 或 who:1.先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时:例:This is the best movie that I have ever seen.2.先行词被 all, any, few, little, no, every, some 等词修饰时:例:I've done all the work that I can do.3.先行词被 the only, the very, the last 修饰时:例:He is the only person that can help us.4.先行词既有人又有物时:例:They talked about the people and things that they saw.5.主句以 Who 或 Which 开头的疑问句中:例:Who is the girl that is crying there (避免重复)六、记忆技巧“成分缺失”找代词: 从句缺主宾,代词(who/which/that)来填补。“完整句子”找副词: 从句不缺主宾,副词(where/when/why)做状语。“人、物、谁的”看先行: 确定大方向,再看小细节。七、出题方向参考语境化考查: 题目不再直接考查语法公式,而是通过对话给出背景,让学生判断从句与先行词的关系。介词+关系代词: 虽然是高阶语法,但在某些省份的中考阅读中已出现(如 the city in which I live),需具备识别能力。第 69 页 共 85 页30 天早背晚练——初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 26:定语从句:关系代词 (who/which/that) 与关系副词 (where/when/why) 的区分【配套练习】姓名: 日期: 分数:一、 单项选择【考点:关系词的功能辨析、that 的特殊用法、关系代/副词的判定。】1.(2024·南京) I still remember the village ________ I visited with my parents ten years ago.A. where B. when C. that D. why2.(2023·深圳) This is the very book ________ I have been looking for these days.A. which B. that C. who D. whom3.(2022·北京) The students ________ are cleaning the classroom come from Class Two.A. who B. which C. whom D. whose4.(2024·杭州模拟) I’ll never forget the time ________ we spent together in the summer camp.A. when B. that C. where D. why5.(2023·青岛) This is the library ________ we often read books on weekends.A. which B. that C. where D. who6.(2022·上海) I have read all the books ________ the teacher recommended to us.A. who B. whom C. whose D. that7.(2024·西安模拟) The reason ________ he was late for the meeting was that he missed the bus.A. Which B. why C. where D. when8.(2023·成都) The museum ________ we visited yesterday was very modern.A. where B. when C. which D. why9.(2022·福建) There are many people ________ think that health is more important than wealth.A. which B. whose C. who D. whom10.(2025·模拟预测) This is the town ________ I grew up, and it has changed a lot.A. Which B. that C. where D. when二、 语法填空【考点:根据句意和成分判断填入最合适的关系词。】11.(2024·安徽) The doctor ________ (who/which) saved the boy's life is a hero.12.(2023·武汉) He is the only student ________ (that/who) can solve the difficult problem.13.(2022·河南) I will never forget the day ________ (when/which) I joined the army.14.(2024·模拟) The hotel ________ (where/which) we stayed last night was very comfortable.15.(2023·河北) Do you know the girl ________ (whose/who) sister is a famous singer 三、 综合练习:翻译与改错【考点:句式输出能力与成分深度分析。】16.(翻译) 这就是我去年参观过的那家工厂。(注意参观是 visit) ____________________________________________________________.17.(翻译) 这就是我父亲工作的那个工厂。(注意工作是 work) ____________________________________________________________.18.(改错) 找出并修改下面句子中的错误(仅一处)。The movie when we saw last night was very exciting. 修改建议:_________________________________________________第 70 页 共 85 页 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 【30天早背晚练】初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 26.pdf 初中英语语法强基30天训练计划(答案)_26.pdf