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自然拼读：字母与字母组合拼读系统
一、基础元音
a e i o u
二、基础辅音
b c d f g h j k l m n p r s
t v w x y z
三、元音组合
1. 基础元音组合
两个或更多元音字母连在一起，合成一个新的发音
ea ee ie oe ue ai oi ou au oo ow ei ey oy ay
2. 静音e
元音后接不发音的e，使前面元音发长音
a-e i-e o-e u-e e-e
3. 复杂元音组合
包含两个或更多元音字母，有特殊发音规则
aigh eigh ough augh eau
4. R控制元音组合
元音后接r，改变元音发音
ar er ir or ur ear air ure ier are ore ere ire
5. L控制元音组合
元音后接l，改变元音发音
al el il ol ell
四、辅音组合
1. 辅音连缀
两个辅音字母放在一起发出单一声音
st ck qu sh ch th wh ph gh kn wr sc sk sm
sn sp sw tw sch scr str spr bl cl fl gl pl
sl br cr dr fr gr pr tr
2. 辅音双写
两个相同辅音字母连在一起，加强或延长发音
tt ss ll ff pp rr nn mm dd bb gg cc
3. 辅音复合
两个或更多不同辅音字母连在一起，各自保持原有发音
nt nd mp ng nk lt lp pt sk ft ct st lf lk
lm ld mb gn kn
五、复合组合
1. 不规则发音组合
不遵循常规发音规则，在不同单词中有多种发音
ough aigh eigh igh tch dge
2. 前缀
放在单词前改变词义
ex re il ir de es su sp sm sn st sk sl sw tw
3. 后缀
放在单词后改变词义或词性
tion sion al er or ous ed ing ion es
要不要我帮你整理一份带例词的自然拼读表，让每个字母组合的发音更直观？
自然拼读字母组合表（带例词）
一、基础元音
a —— cat / map
e —— pen / bed
i —— big / sit
o —— dog / hot
u —— cup / run
二、基础辅音
b —— ball / book
c —— cat / cap
d —— dog / dad
f —— fish / fan
g —— go / get
h —— hat / hand
j —— jump / jar
k —— kite / key
l —— leg / like
m —— map / mom
n —— nose / not
p —— pen / pig
r —— run / red
s —— sun / sit
t —— ten / top
v —— van / vet
w —— water / watch
x —— box / fox
y —— yellow / yes
z —— zoo / zip
三、元音组合
1. 基础元音组合
ea —— eat / tea
ee —— see / tree
ie —— tie / pie
oe —— toe / boat
ue —— blue / glue
ai —— rain / wait
oi —— oil / coin
ou —— out / house
au —— autumn / sauce
oo —— book / look
ow —— cow / how
ei —— eight / weigh
ey —— key / they
oy —— boy / toy
ay —— day / play
2. 静音e
a-e —— cake / name
i-e —— like / bike
o-e —— home / note
u-e —— cute / use
e-e —— these / she
3. 复杂元音组合
aigh —— straight / eight
eigh —— weight / neighbour
ough —— though / through
augh —— laugh / caught
eau —— beauty / bureau
4. R控制元音组合
ar —— car / park
er —— her / term
ir —— bird / girl
or —— for / horse
ur —— turn / burn
ear —— hear / near
air —— air / hair
ure —— sure / pure
ier —— pierce / fierce
are —— care / share
ore —— more / store
ere —— here / there
ire —— fire / tire
5. L控制元音组合
al —— ball / tall
el —— bell / tell
il —— milk / silk
ol —— doll / roll
ell —— well / sell
四、辅音组合
1. 辅音连缀
st —— star / stop
ck —— clock / back
qu —— quick / queen
sh —— ship / shop
ch —— chair / chat
th —— think / this
wh —— what / where
ph —— phone / photo
gh —— ghost / night
kn —— knee / know
wr —— write / wrong
sc —— school / score
sk —— sky / skip
sm —— smile / small
sn —— snow / snake
sp —— spider / sport
sw —— swim / swing
tw —— twist / twin
sch —— school / scheme
scr —— scream / scrape
str —— street / strong
spr —— spring / spread
bl —— blue / black
cl —— clean / climb
fl —— fly / flower
gl —— glass / glue
pl —— play / plate
sl —— slow / slide
br —— bread / brown
cr —— cry / cross
dr —— drive / drink
fr —— friend / fruit
gr —— green / grow
pr —— price / pride
tr —— tree / train
2. 辅音双写
tt —— letter / better
ss —— class / pass
ll —— ball / tall
ff —— coffee / off
pp —— happy / apple
rr —— carrot / carry
nn —— dinner / funny
mm —— summer / hammer
dd —— ladder / middle
bb —— rubber / rabbit
gg —— egg / dog
cc —— accident / success
3. 辅音复合
nt —— ant / want
nd —— hand / find
mp —— lamp / jump
ng —— sing / ring
nk —— think / sink
lt —— belt / salt
lp —— help / apple
pt —— opt / adopt
sk —— desk / ask
ft —— left / soft
ct —— act / fact
st —— best / test
lf —— half / calf
lk —— milk / silk
lm —— calm / palm
ld —— cold / hold
mb —— thumb / climb
gn —— sign / design
kn —— knife / knock
五、复合组合
1. 不规则发音组合
ough —— through / though / tough
aigh —— straight / weight
eigh —— eight / neighbour
igh —— high / night
tch —— catch / watch
dge —— bridge / judge
2. 前缀
ex —— exit / explain
re —— return / repeat
il —— illegal / illogical
ir —— irregular / irresponsible
de —— decide / delete
es —— escape / essay
su —— support / suggest
sp —— speak / spend
sm —— smile / small
sn —— snow / snake
st —— stop / start
sk —— sky / skip
sl —— slow / slide
sw —— swim / swing
tw —— twist / twin
3. 后缀
tion —— action / station
sion —— vision / decision
al —— natural / final
er —— worker / teacher
or —— actor / doctor
ous —— dangerous / famous
ed —— walked / played
ing —— running / singing
ion —— action / nation
es —— passes / watches
自然拼读字母组合表（带例词）
一、基础元音
a —— cat / map
e —— pen / bed
i —— big / sit
o —— dog / hot
u —— cup / run
二、基础辅音
b —— ball / book
c —— cat / cap
d —— dog / dad
f —— fish / fan
g —— go / get
h —— hat / hand
j —— jump / jar
k —— kite / key
l —— leg / like
m —— map / mom
n —— nose / not
p —— pen / pig
r —— run / red
s —— sun / sit
t —— ten / top
v —— van / vet
w —— water / watch
x —— box / fox
y —— yellow / yes
z —— zoo / zip
三、元音组合
1. 基础元音组合
ea —— eat / tea
ee —— see / tree
ie —— tie / pie
oe —— toe / boat
ue —— blue / glue
ai —— rain / wait
oi —— oil / coin
ou —— out / house
au —— autumn / sauce
oo —— book / look
ow —— cow / how
ei —— eight / weigh
ey —— key / they
oy —— boy / toy
ay —— day / play
2. 静音e
a-e —— cake / name
i-e —— like / bike
o-e —— home / note
u-e —— cute / use
e-e —— these / she
3. 复杂元音组合
aigh —— straight / eight
eigh —— weight / neighbour
ough —— though / through
augh —— laugh / caught
eau —— beauty / bureau
4. R控制元音组合
ar —— car / park
er —— her / term
ir —— bird / girl
or —— for / horse
ur —— turn / burn
ear —— hear / near
air —— air / hair
ure —— sure / pure
ier —— pierce / fierce
are —— care / share
ore —— more / store
ere —— here / there
ire —— fire / tire
5. L控制元音组合
al —— ball / tall
el —— bell / tell
il —— milk / silk
ol —— doll / roll
ell —— well / sell
四、辅音组合
1. 辅音连缀
st —— star / stop
ck —— clock / back
qu —— quick / queen
sh —— ship / shop
ch —— chair / chat
th —— think / this
wh —— what / where
ph —— phone / photo
gh —— ghost / night
kn —— knee / know
wr —— write / wrong
sc —— school / score
sk —— sky / skip
sm —— smile / small
sn —— snow / snake
sp —— spider / sport
sw —— swim / swing
tw —— twist / twin
sch —— school / scheme
scr —— scream / scrape
str —— street / strong
spr —— spring / spread
bl —— blue / black
cl —— clean / climb
fl —— fly / flower
gl —— glass / glue
pl —— play / plate
sl —— slow / slide
br —— bread / brown
cr —— cry / cross
dr —— drive / drink
fr —— friend / fruit
gr —— green / grow
pr —— price / pride
tr —— tree / train
2. 辅音双写
tt —— letter / better
ss —— class / pass
ll —— ball / tall
ff —— coffee / off
pp —— happy / apple
rr —— carrot / carry
nn —— dinner / funny
mm —— summer / hammer
dd —— ladder / middle
bb —— rubber / rabbit
gg —— egg / dog
cc —— accident / success
3. 辅音复合
nt —— ant / want
nd —— hand / find
mp —— lamp / jump
ng —— sing / ring
nk —— think / sink
lt —— belt / salt
lp —— help / apple
pt —— opt / adopt
sk —— desk / ask
ft —— left / soft
ct —— act / fact
st —— best / test
lf —— half / calf
lk —— milk / silk
lm —— calm / palm
ld —— cold / hold
mb —— thumb / climb
gn —— sign / design
kn —— knife / knock
五、复合组合
1. 不规则发音组合
ough —— through / though / tough
aigh —— straight / weight
eigh —— eight / neighbour
igh —— high / night
tch —— catch / watch
dge —— bridge / judge
2. 前缀
ex —— exit / explain
re —— return / repeat
il —— illegal / illogical
ir —— irregular / irresponsible
de —— decide / delete
es —— escape / essay
su —— support / suggest
sp —— speak / spend
sm —— smile / small
sn —— snow / snake
st —— stop / start
sk —— sky / skip
sl —— slow / slide
sw —— swim / swing
tw —— twist / twin
3. 后缀
tion —— action / station
sion —— vision / decision
al —— natural / final
er —— worker / teacher
or —— actor / doctor
ous —— dangerous / famous
ed —— walked / played
ing —— running / singing
ion —— action / nation
es —— passes / watches
自然拼读发音对照表
（音标+字母组合+例词）
音标 字母组合 例词
/ / er, ur, ir, or, ear, our, eur her, turn, bird, word, learn, journey, Europe
/ɑ / ar, a, au, al, ear, are, ah car, father, autumn, half, heart, care, palm
/u / o, oo, u, ou, ui, ue, ew, u-e do, food, rule, group, fruit, blue, new, use
/ / or, al, au, aw, a, oar, ar, our, ore, oor, o, oug, aur, augh, oa for, tall, autumn, saw, warm, board, war, four, more, door, dog, bought, tour, caught, boat
/ / i, e, y, a, ie, u, ui, ia, ai, ey, eo big, pen, happy, about, field, busy, build, special, said, monkey, people
/ / a, o, er, re, at, e, r, or, i, ar, u, io, y, our, ia, ur, oi, ere, ou, ir, ai, ier, ei, oar, ure, oh, ah, eo about, today, teacher, centre, accept, open, sugar, doctor, possible, dollar, upon, action, system, colour, idea, picture, joy, here, famous, bird, said, fierce, eight, board, sure, oh, ah, people
/ / u, o, ou, oo up, come, touch, blood
/ / oo, u, o, oul book, put, woman, could
/ / o, a, au, ow dog, watch, because, knowledge
/e/ e, ea, a, ie, eo, ei, ae pen, bread, many, friend, people, eight, aesthetic
/ / a, al, ah cat, half, laugh
/e / a, ai, a-e, ay, et, eigh, ei, ao, ey, ea, aigh cake, rain, name, day, eight, eight, eight, radio, they, break, straight
/a / i, y, i-e, igh, ie, ye, ai, eye, ei, uy like, my, bike, night, lie, bye, aisle, eye, eight, buy
/ / oi, oy, awy oil, boy, lawyer
/ / o, ol, ow, oa, o-e, oe, oh, ou, oug, ew, oa, aoh, owe, eau, au go, old, low, boat, home, toe, oh, soul, bought, sew, boat, dough, owe, beauty, autumn
/a / ou, ow, oug out, how, bought
/ / ear, ere, ier, ia, e, er, ea, io, ir, ee, eo, ie, eir ear, here, fierce, idea, serious, engineer, really, curious, bird, beer, pioneer, fierce, weird
/e / air, are, ar, a, ear, ere, ai, eir, aire, ea air, care, rare, square, pear, there, said, their, millionaire, bear
/ / ua, our, ur, ure, u, ou square, tour, sure, pure, cure, tourist
/p/ p, pe, pp pen, people, happy
/t/ t, te, ed, tt, d, tte, tw, z ten, letter, wanted, better, dad, little, twin, breeze
/k/ c, k, ck, cc, ch, que, qu cat, kite, back, accident, school, unique, quick
/f/ f, ph, ff, ffe, gh five, phone, coffee, off, laugh
/s/ s, ss, se, ce, c, sc, st, sw, z sun, class, house, nice, city, science, stop, swim, breeze
/θ/ th think
/ / th, the this, the
/ / ti, sh, ci, che, ch, sci, ss, si action, ship, special, machine, chef, conscious, session, vision
/h/ h, wh hat, who
/t / ch, tch, t, ti chair, watch, picture, action
/ts/ ts, t's, zz cats, it's, pizza
/tr/ tr, ttr tree, better
/b/ b, bu, bb boy, bus, rabbit
/d/ d, de, ed, dd dog, decide, played, ladder
/g/ g, gu, gg, gue go, guess, egg, dialogue
/v/ v, ve, eve, ph van, have, eve, phone
/z/ s, es, se, ze, z, zz, sc zoo, goes, nose, zero, zip, buzz, scene
/ / ge, s, g garage, measure, genre
/r/ r, rr, wr, er, rh red, carry, write, very, rhyme
/d / ge, j, g, gi, dge, dj age, jump, gem, giant, bridge, adjust
/dz/ ds kids
/dr/ dr, ddr drink, address
/m/ m, me, mb, mm, mme, mn map, me, climb, summer, femme, autumn
/n/ n, ne, nn, gn, kn, pn, nd, ion nose, pen, dinner, sign, know, pneumonia, hand, action
/ / ng, n, nd sing, bank, hand
/w/ w, wh, vw we, what, view
/j/ y yes
/l/ l, le, ll, il, al, el, ol, pl, ell leg, table, ball, milk, tall, tell, doll, play, well

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