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(共40张PPT)
Unit 1 Past and present
Grammar
译林 （2024版）八年级
下
Learning objectives
1
Lead in
Presentation
3
Practice
Production
5
Summary
Assessment
7
Homework
2
4
6
8
By the end of the lesson, I will be able to...
1
2
3
learn present perfect affirmative, negative, questions and answers ;
understand past participle formation for regular/irregular verbs ;
use present perfect to write sentences/dialogues about experiences and changes .
00
Learning objectives
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Millie just got some news about Shenzhen from her uncle.
2026
1980
Shenzhen was _______ many years ago.
Shenzhen has become_________
__________ over 46 years.
What was Shenzhen like many years ago
How has Shenzhen changed over many years years
small
big and
modern
2026
1980
He __________ college.
He _________in Shenzhen since he _________ college.”
What did Millie’s uncle do after college
How long has he lived in Shenzhen
finished
has lived
finished
The transport was ______ before.
The transport _______________a lot now.
bad
has improved
2026
1980
What was the transport like before
What was the transport like before
Lead in
01
Read and think.
What’s special about these sentences
Shenzhen has become_________
__________ over 46 years.
big and
modern
He _________in Shenzhen since he _________ college.”
has lived
finished
The transport _______________a lot now.
has improved
Read the conversation below and pay attention to the use of the present perfect tense.
Presentation
02
Read and find.
Millie: I’ve just found out many things about Shenzhen from my uncle. He’s lived there since he finished college.
Sandy: Really What did he tell you
Millie: He said there are a lot more jobs now in Shenzhen, and the living conditions are much better.
Sandy: That’s nice. Did he tell you anything else
Millie: Yes. Transport has also improved a lot. People can get around easily thanks to excellent public transport.
Sandy: Wow. I hope one day I can visit Shenzhen. Have you been to Shenzhen before
Millie: No, I’ve never visited Shenzhen, but I plan to do so this summer holiday. You can join me!
Sandy: Great idea!
Q: What tense is used in these sentences
Read and think.
过去
现在
2026
1980
某个动作到目前为止已经发生了多少次
一个过去发生、且与现在有联系的动作
过去开始、持续到现在的动作
Presentation
02
Q: What tense is used in these sentences
Present perfect tense
He’s lived there since he finished college.
自大学毕业以来，他就一直住在那里。
We use the present perfect tense to talk about:
① an action that started in the past and continues to the present;
（从过去持续到现在的动作或状态）;
present
past
has lived there
finished college
When to use the present perfect tense:
Presentation
02
Read and learn.
When to use the present perfect tense:
Presentation
02
Read and learn.
Transport has also improved a lot.
交通也有了很大的改善。
（言下之意：人们出行从而变得方便。）
present
past
people can get around the city easily
Transport improved
② an action that happened in the past and has a connection with the ______________ (past, present);
（动作发生在过去但对现在有一定的影响）;
present
When to use the present perfect tense:
Presentation
02
Read and learn.
I have been to Beijing many times.
我去过北京好多次了。
past
present
③ how many times an action has happened up to ______________(the present, some point in the future).
（表示某个动作从过去到现在发生的次数）
the present
Presentation
02
Read and learn.
He’s lived there since he finished college.
He has lived in Shenzhen since he finished college.
（“住” 这个动作从大学毕业时开始，一直持续到现在）
Shenzhen has become big and modern over 46 years.
（深圳的变化是过去 46 年的动作，带来了现在 “又大又现代化” 的结果）
I’ve just found out many things about Shenzhen from my uncle.
（“了解到信息” 是刚发生的过去动作，现在已经掌握了这些情况）
Transport has also improved a lot.
（交通改善是过去的动作，现在的结果是出行更便利）
Have you been to Shenzhen before
No, I’ve never visited Shenzhen.
（询问 / 说明 “到目前为止去过深圳的次数”，这里次数是 0 次）
I have been to Beijing many times.
我去过北京好多次了。
个过去开始、持续到现在的动作
一个过去发生、且与现在有联系的动作
某个动作到目前为止已经发生了多少次
Present perfect tense
现在完成时
_________+______
have/has
done
We use the present perfect tense to talk about:
an action that started in the past and continues to the present.
an action that happened in the past and has a connection with the ________ (past, present).how many times an action has happened till ______ (now, some time in the future).
present
Presentation
02
Work out the rules.
now
Work out the rules.
Present perfect tense
现在完成时
_________+______
have/has
done
主语 助动词 否定词 例句
I/You/We/They have not arrived in Shenzhen.
He/She/It has not
have/has+ not + done
Presentation
02
Work out the rules.
We make positive statements using the present perfect tense like this:
主语 助动词 例句
I/You/We/They have arrived in Shenzhen.
He/She/It has have/has + done
We make negative statements using the present perfect tense like this:
Yes, subject + have/has.
No, subject + haven’t/hasn’t.
Presentation
02
Work out the rules.
助动词 主语 例句
Have I/you/we/they arrived in Shenzhen
Has he/she/it Have/Has + subject+ done...
肯定回答开头 主语 助动词
Yes, I/you/we/they have.
he/she/it has.
否定回答开头 主语 助动词
No, I/you/we/they haven’t.
he/she/it hasn’t.
Presentation
02
Work out the rules.
Present perfect tense
现在完成时
_________+______
have/has
done
Rules of forming the past participles of regular verbs
Most verbs（大多数动词） finish → finished
Verbs ending in -e（以 -e 结尾的动词） change → changed
Verbs ending in a consonant + y（以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词） carry → carried
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant（以元音 + 辅音结尾的重读闭音节动词） stop → stopped
+ ed
+ d
- y + ied
double the consonant + ed（双写辅音字母 + ed）
Rules of forming the past participles of irregular verbs
Presentation
02
Work out the rules.
come → come； hurt → hurt
hold → held； win → won
lend → lent； build → built
catch → caught； keep → kept；
tell → told forget → forgotten；
be → been； have → had；
fall → fallen； fly → flown；
draw → drawn； see → seen
No change（无变化）
Change the vowel（改变元音）
Change the consonant
（改变辅音）
Change the vowel (s) and the consonant (s)
（同时改变元音和辅音）
Others（其他）
Millie is writing notes about the changes in Sunshine Town.
There are many changes in Sunshine Town...
Read and complete.
A Complete her notes with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
has changed
has
turned
has improved
have
moved
built
haven’t visited
Presentation
02
Simple past tense
Present perfect tense
构成
时间状语
语义侧重点
did
have/has + done
yesterday, in 1980, last week, … ago, just now, the other day等
for, since, ever, never, just, yet, recently, before, 次数, in the past years, over the years, so far 等
表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。
“重在过去”
持续到现在的动作或状态；
强调过去事情对现在的影响;
到目前为止动作发生的次数。 “旨在当前”
Q: What’s the difference between present perfect tense and simple past tense
Read and think.
Presentation
02
Millie is writing about her family life.
There are many changes in my home...
Complete her sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
B
Practice
03
Complete the article.
buy　visit　find　leave　go　return　work
found
has worked
left
went
has
returned
bought
have visited
指代前文提到的某个过去时间点之后，动作从该时间点开始持续或重复到现在。
Millie is watching a reporter interviewing a foreigner who has lived in Shenzhen fora few years.
Reporter: Hello Andrew. You __________ (live) in Shenzhen for ten years. Do you like living here
Andrew: Yes, very much. I __________ (be) to many cities around the world, but Shenzhen is my favourite. You could say I __________ (fall) in love with Shenzhen—it feels like home.
Reporter: In fact, there __________ (be) lots of changes in the past few years. __________ you __________ (notice) any of these while you’ve been here
Andrew: Well, transport has changed a lot. There ______ (be) more underground lines now. I take the underground most days. It’s very easy to get around the city.
Reporter: Yes, it is. Thank you for speaking to me. I ______ (enjoy) hearing your thoughts about our city.
Read the interview script and fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
C
Practice
03
Read and fill.
have lived
have been
have fallen
have been
Have noticed
Reporter: Hello Andrew. You ______ (live) in Shenzhen for ten years. Do you like living here
Andrew: Yes, very much. I ______ (be) to many cities around the world, but Shenzhen is my favourite. You could say I ______ (fall) in love with Shenzhen—it feels like home.
Reporter: In fact, there ______ (be) lots of changes in the past few years. ______ you ______ (notice) any of these while you’ve been here
Andrew: Well, transport has changed a lot. There ___________ (be) more underground lines now. I take the underground most days. It’s very easy to get around the city.
Reporter: Yes, it is. Thank you for speaking to me. I ________________ (enjoy) hearing your thoughts about our city.
Read the interview script and fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
C
Practice
03
Read and fill.
are
have enjoyed
Production
04
Sentence Structure
I was born in ... We ... there when I was young. My hometown has changed a lot so far.
There have been ... new buildings/roads/parks since ...People have already started to ...
I have lived here for ... years and I have seen ...
Words Bank
交通：underground lines, shared bikes, wider roads
环境：parks, green spaces, cleaner rivers
建筑：shopping malls, high-rise buildings, new schools
生活：supermarkets, coffee shops, online shopping
动作与感受：develop rapidly, improve greatly, become more convenient, feel proud of
Talk with your partner.
D Talk with your partner about the changes in your hometown, using the present perfect tense.
Production
04
Talk with your partner.
D Talk with your partner about the changes in your hometown, using the present perfect tense.
I was born in a small town in Guangdong. We walked or rode bikes to school when I was young.
My hometown has changed a lot so far. There have been three new shopping malls built in the past 5 years.
People have already started to use shared bikes for short trips.
I have lived here for 15 years and I have seen it grow into a modern town.
I have noticed that the air has become fresher since more parks were built.
Show time
一、根据句意及所给的汉语提示或首字母写出单词。
1.R_________. I learned to cook a simple meal, so I can help my parents with dinner at home now.
2.I’ve _________ (已经) seen that film, so I’d rather see another one.
3.It’s so late, but my parents haven’t come back _________ ([尚], 还).
4.Be careful. These cameras are those _________ (记者).
5.Good public t_________ helps students get to school safely and on time every morning.
6.With people cheering, Mark was the first one to cross the finishing l_________.
Summary
05
The grammar we have learned
ecently
already
yet
reporters’
ransport
ine
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.___________ (live) there for 50, so we went to interview him.
2.The US government has ________ (recent) raised tariffs on China.
3.—Have you ever been to Beijing —Yes. In fact, I ________ (study) there for three years, but now I work in Jiangyin.
4.The prices of houses in your neighbourhood ____________ (rise) a lot since they belonged to one of the best school districts.
Summary
05
The grammar we have learned
have lived
recently
studied
have risen
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
5.—I’m afraid the tickets to the concert have been sold out.
—Don’t worry. I ______________ (buy) two tickets online already.
6.Chinese people ______________ (follow) Confucianism for more than 2,000 years.
7.In my job as a ______________ (report), I have spent the past five years taking different photos.
Summary
05
The grammar we have learned
have bought
have followed
reporter
三、句型转换
They’ve already read the book.
________________________________________________(改为否定句)
________________________________________________ (改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________ (肯定和否定回答)
They have worked here since five years ago. (对画线部分提问)
_______________________________________ they worked here
Dad came home from work just now. (用 just 改写句子)
________________________________________________
Summary
05
The grammar we have learned
They haven’t read the book yet.
Have they read the book yet
Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.
How long have
Dad has just come home from work.
We have lived in Yangzhou for 10 years. (用 since 改写句子)
________________________________________________
He used to walk a pet dog. (改为否定句)
He __________________ walk a pet dog.
The government is working to improve the quality of life for citizens. (用 for 20 years 改写句子)
The government ______________________ the quality of life for citizens ____________.
Summary
05
The grammar we have learned
We have lived in Yangzhou since 2014.
didn’t use to
has worked to improve
for 20 years
Assessment
06
Self-assessment
I can learn present perfect affirmative, negative, questions and answers.
I can understand past participle formation for regular/irregular verbs.
I can use present perfect to write sentences/dialogues about experiences and changes.
基础：默写现在完成时的基本结构（肯定、否定、疑问），写出 10 个动词的过去式与过去分词。
Homework
07
提升：默写现在完成时的基本结构（肯定、否定、疑问），写出 10 个动词的过去式与过去分词。
拓展：采访家人 “过去一年的变化”，用现在完成时写一段 5-8 句的短文记录采访内容。
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