资源简介

人教版英语8年级下册重点短语归纳 (Unit 1-4)
UNIT 1: Time to Relax (休闲时光)
spend time on / (in) doing sth. 花时间在某事上/做某事
He often spends time on his hobbies, such as reading and hiking.
他经常花时间在爱好上，比如阅读和远足。
I spend two hours (in) practicing the guitar every day.
我每天花两个小时练习吉他。
【易错点】spend的主语必须是“人”。如果是物作主语，通常用cost或take。 【拓展】pay ... for ... (为……付款)；It takes sb. some time to do sth. (做某事花费某人多少时间)。
take up 开始从事；学着做；占用（时间/空间）
I want to take up a new hobby like photography.
我想开始学习一个新爱好，比如摄影。
The big sofa takes up too much space in the living room.
这个大沙发占用了客厅太多的空间。
【注意】它是“动词+副词”结构，如果宾语是代词（it/them），必须放在中间（take it up）。
give up 放弃
Don't give up easily when you face difficulties.
当你面对困难时，不要轻易放弃。
My father decided to give up smoking for his health.
为了健康，我父亲决定戒烟。
【规划变化】后接动词-ing形式（give up doing sth.）。 【注意】代词作宾语放中间（give it up）。
make friends with 与……交朋友
She is outgoing and likes to make friends with others.
她很外向，喜欢和别人交朋友。
【注意】friend必须用复数形式 friends。类似的短语还有 change seats with (和……换座位)。
come out 出版；发行；出来；（花）开
His new book will come out next month.
他的新书下个月出版。
The sun came out after the rain.
雨后太阳出来了。
【易错点】come out 是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态（不能说 be come out）。
【Unit 1 实战演练】
一、单项选择
1. My brother plans to ______ a new hobby this summer vacation.
A. look up 　 B. take up 　 C. put up 　 D. get up
2. — How do you usually ______ your weekends
— By reading books in the library.
A. pay 　 B. take 　 C. spend 　 D. cost
3. The math problem is too difficult. I want to ______.
A. give it up 　 B. give up it 　 C. look it up 　 D. look up it
4. Linda is very kind. She gets along well with everyone and likes making friends ______ others.
A. to 　 B. for 　 C. of 　 D. with
5. Mo Yan's new book ______ last month.
A. came out 　 B. was come out 　 C. comes out 　 D. is coming out
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. My sister spends two hours ________ (practice) the piano every day.
7. We should learn to relax ________ (we) when we are tired.
8. He is interested in ________ (play) chess with his grandfather.
9. The teacher encouraged us not ________ (give) up easily.
三、短文填空
Different people have different hobbies. Hobbies can help us relax and bring us happiness. My friend Tom likes 10.________ (collect) stamps. He has hundreds of stamps from different countries. He says it helps him learn more about the world. My sister Anna decided to 11.________ (take) up painting last year. She spends much time 12.________ (draw) pictures on weekends. She thinks painting is a great way to express 13.________ (she). As for me, I enjoy reading. I think reading is very 14.________ (interest). I can make 15.________ (friend) with the characters in the books. Recently, a new book by my favorite writer 16.________ (come) out. I can't wait to buy it. We should try to find some 17.________ (fun) things to do in our free time. Don't let the busy work 18.________ (take) up all your time.
答案
一、1-5 BCADA
二、6. practicing 7. ourselves 8. playing 9. to give
三、10. collecting 11. take 12. on/drawing 13. herself 14. interesting 15. friends 16. came 17. funny/fun 18. take
UNIT 2: Stay Healthy (保持健康)
have a cold / stomachache / sore throat 感冒 / 胃痛 / 喉咙痛
He didn't come to school because he had a bad cold.
他没来上学因为他得了重感冒。
【规划变化】身体部位 + ache = 疼痛 (stomachache, headache, toothache, backache)。sore (酸痛的) + 身体部位 (sore throat, sore back)。
lie down 躺下
You look pale. You should lie down and rest.
你脸色苍白。你应该躺下休息。
【易错点】lie (躺) 的变化极易混淆：
躺: lie - lay - lain - lying
撒谎: lie - lied - lied - lying
放置/产蛋: lay - laid - laid - laying
run out (of) 用完；耗尽
My pen ran out of ink.
我的钢笔没墨水了。
His money ran out.
他的钱花光了。
【注意】run out of 主语通常是人 (Sb. run out of sth.)；run out 主语通常是物 (Sth. run out)。
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
My grandfather is used to getting up early.
我爷爷习惯早起。
【易错点】辨析：
used to do sth. (过去常常做某事，现在不做了)
be used to do sth. (被用来做某事 = be used for doing sth.)
cut oneself 割伤自己
Be careful with the knife, or you might cut yourself.
小心那把刀，否则你可能会割伤自己。
【规划变化】反身代词：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves。类似的短语还有 hurt oneself (伤到自己), enjoy oneself (玩得高兴)。
【Unit 2 实战演练】
一、单项选择
1. — What's the matter
— I have ______ stomachache.
A. a 　 B. an 　 C. the 　 D. /
2. The old man lives alone, but he ______ it.
A. used to 　 B. uses to 　 C. is used to 　 D. was used to
3. He was too tired, so he stopped ______ and lay down to have a rest.
A. working 　 B. to work 　 C. work 　 D. works
4. We ______ water. We need to buy some more.
A. ran out 　 B. ran out of 　 C. ran away 　 D. ran off
5. The boy fell down from the bike and hurt ______.
A. him 　 B. his 　 C. himself 　 D. he
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. You should brush your ________ (tooth) twice a day.
7. You’d better not eat too much candy, or you will have a ________ (tooth).
8. The doctor asked the patient ________ (lie) down on the bed.
9. To keep safe, we must learn how to look after ________ (we).
三、短文填空
Health is important to everyone. But accidents can happen at any time. Yesterday, when Tom was making fruit salad, he 10.________ (cut) his finger. It bled a lot. He didn't know what to do. His mother told him to put a bandage on it. She said, "You must be careful when using a knife, or you will hurt 11.________ (you)." Last week, my friend Mary didn't come to school. She had a high 12.________ (fever). The doctor took her temperature and asked her to 13.________ (lie) down and rest. He also told her to drink plenty of water. If we have a nosebleed, we should lower our head slightly and clean the face. We shouldn't 14.________ (run) under the sun for too long in summer. We should also give 15.________ (up) bad habits like staying up late. 16.________ (get) enough sleep is necessary. When we face health problems or accidents, we should stay calm and ask for help. We should learn some first aid knowledge so that we can help 17.________ (other) in time. Let's try to stay 18.________ (health).
答案
一、1-5 ACABC
二、6. teeth 7. toothache 8. to lie 9. ourselves
三、10. cut 11. yourself 12. fever 13. lie 14. run 15. up 16. Getting 17. others 18. healthy
UNIT 3: Growing Up (成长的烦恼)
deal with / do with 处理；应付
How do you deal with your stress
你是如何应对压力的？
I don't know what to do with the old books.
我不知道该怎么处理这些旧书。
【易错点】搭配固定：deal with 常与 how 连用 (How to deal with...)；do with 常与 what 连用 (What to do with...)。
get on/along with 与……相处；进展
She gets on well with her classmates.
她和同班同学相处得很好。
【拓展】get on/along well with sb. (与某人相处融洽)。
compare ... with ... 将……与……比较
Parents shouldn't always compare their children with others.
父母不应该总是把自己的孩子和别人比较。
【拓展】compare ... to ... 把……比作……（打比方，例如：把老师比作蜡烛）。但在现代英语中，compare to 和 compare with 有时混用表比较。
in one's opinion 依某人看；在某人看来
In my opinion, honesty is more important than money.
在我看来，诚实比金钱更重要。
be worried about 担心……
Don't be worried about the exam. You have prepared well.
别担心考试。你已经准备得很好了。
【拓展】同义短语：worry about。
【Unit 3 实战演练】
一、单项选择
1. I don't know ______ to deal with this problem. Can you help me
A. what 　 B. how 　 C. when 　 D. where
2. Linda is a friendly girl. She ______ well with everyone in her class.
A. gets on 　 B. put on 　 C. turns on 　 D. holds on
3. Parents shouldn't always ______ their kids ______ other children. It makes them stressed.
A. compare; to 　 B. compare; with 　 C. complain; about 　 D. connect; with
4. ______ my opinion, we should try our best to help the old.
A. At 　 B. On 　 C. In 　 D. To
5. Although he is young, ______ he knows a lot about history.
A. but 　 B. however 　 C. / 　 D. and
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. It's important for us to learn how ________ (communicate) with our parents.
7. He practiced hard so that he could ________ (win) the basketball game.
8. Instead of ________ (fight), they sat down and talked.
9. If you are stressed, you can ________ (work) out your feelings by exercising.
三、短文填空
Growing up brings not only happiness but also problems. Recently, Mike felt very 10.________ (stress). His parents always compared him 11.________ his cousin, Tom. Tom gets better grades than Mike. Mike felt sad because he thought his parents didn't love him. He didn't know 12.________ (what) to do with the problem. Yesterday, he communicated 13.________ his teacher about it. The teacher told him, "Everyone is special. You are good at sports, 14.________ (although) Tom is good at studying. You should believe in 15.________ (you)." The teacher also advised him to have a good talk with his parents. Mike followed the 16.________ (advice). To his surprise, his parents understood him. They promised not to push him too hard. Now Mike gets on 17.________ (well) with his parents than before. He realizes that communication is the 18.________ (good) bridge between people.
答案
一、1-5 BABCC
二、6. to communicate 7. win 8. fighting 9. work
三、10. stressed 11. with 12. what 13. with 14. although/while 15. yourself 16. advice 17. better 18. best
UNIT 4: The Wonders of Nature (自然奇观)
thousands of 成千上万的；数以千计的
There are thousands of tourists visiting the Great Wall every year.
每年有成千上万的游客参观长城。
【易错点】
具体数字 + thousand (不加s, 不加of) -> two thousand books (两千本书)
模糊数字 + thousands of -> thousands of books (成千上万本书)
protect ... from ... 保护……免受……
We should wear sunglasses to protect our eyes from the sun.
我们应该戴墨镜来保护眼睛免受阳光伤害。
【拓展】protect ... against ... 也有类似含义。
achieve one's dream 实现某人的梦想
He worked hard and finally achieved his dream of becoming a doctor.
他努力工作，终于实现了成为医生的梦想。
【拓展】His dream came true. (他的梦想实现了 - dream作主语)。
risk one's life 冒着生命危险
The firefighters risked their lives to save the people in the fire.
消防员冒着生命危险去救火灾中的人。
【拓展】risk doing sth. (冒险做某事)。
as big as 和……一样大
The population of this city is as large as that one.
这个城市的人口和那个一样多。
【注意】as...as中间加形容词/副词的原级。
【Unit 4 实战演练】
一、单项选择
1. The Qiantang River is one of ______ rivers in China.
A. big 　 B. bigger 　 C. the biggest 　 D. biggest
2. Every year, ______ visitors come to our city to see the beautiful flowers.
A. thousand of 　 B. thousands of 　 C. two thousands 　 D. two thousands of
3. Qomolangma is higher than ______ mountain in the world.
A. any 　 B. any other 　 C. other 　 D. another
4. We should protect the wild animals ______ being killed.
A. for 　 B. with 　 C. from 　 D. of
5. The air in the countryside is much ______ than that in the city.
A. fresh 　 B. fresher 　 C. freshest 　 D. the freshest
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. The Yellow River is the second ________ (long) river in China.
7. He ________ (achieve) his goal after years of hard work.
8. The climbers risked their lives ________ (climb) the high mountain.
9. This elephant weighs many times ________ (heavy) than that panda.
三、短文填空
Nature is amazing. It gives us air, water and food. Qomolangma is the highest mountain 10.________ the world. It is 8,848.86 meters high. It is much 11.________ (high) than any other mountain. Many people want to climb it. It is very difficult because of the freezing weather. Even so, people never give 12.________ trying. Why Because they want to challenge 13.________ (they). Another wonder is the Great Wall. It is one of the 14.________ (great) wonders in the world. It is thousands 15.________ kilometers long. We should love nature and live in peace with it. However, humans are facing problems like pollution. We must take action to protect our earth 16.________ being polluted. If we protect nature, nature will protect 17.________ (we). Let's work together to make our world a 18.________ (beautiful) place.
点击查看答案
一、1-5 CBBCB
二、6. longest 7. achieved 8. to climb 9. heavier
三、10. in 11. higher 12. up 13. themselves 14. greatest 15. of 16. from 17. us 18. more beautiful

展开更多......

收起↑