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人教版英语8年级下册重点短语归纳 (Unit 5-8)
UNIT 5: Nature's Temper (大自然的脾气)
go off （闹钟）响；离开；爆炸
My alarm clock didn't go off this morning, so I woke up late.
今天早上我的闹钟没响，所以我醒晚了。
【易错点】go off 是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态。 【拓展】break off (折断)；take off (起飞；脱下)。
pick up 接电话；捡起；接（人）；（偶然）学会
Please pick up the phone. It might be important.
请接电话，可能很重要。
I picked up some French while I was in Paris.
我在巴黎时偶然学会了一些法语。
【注意】pick up 是“动词+副词”结构，宾语如果是代词（it/them），要放在中间（pick it up）。
fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着
He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.
他太累了，立刻就睡着了。
【易错点】辨析：
asleep (adj. 睡着的) -> fall asleep (动作) / be asleep (状态)
sleep (v./n. 睡觉) -> go to sleep (去睡觉)
sleepy (adj. 困倦的) -> feel sleepy
die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
The wind is dying down.
风势正在逐渐减弱。
【拓展】die out (灭绝) -> Many animals are in danger of dying out.
make sure 确保；确认
Please make sure that you turn off the lights before leaving.
离开前请确保关灯。
【规划变化】后常接 that 从句（that可省略）或 of 短语（make sure of sth.）。
【Unit 5 实战演练】
一、单项选择
1. The heavy rain ______ last night and the sun came out this morning.
A. went off 　 B. died down 　 C. took off 　 D. cleaned up
2. My alarm clock didn't ______, so I was late for school.
A. go off 　 B. go out 　 C. go up 　 D. go down
3. I tried to call you, but no one ______.
A. picked up 　 B. looked up 　 C. turned up 　 D. put up
4. Please ______ you have finished your homework before watching TV.
A. make up 　 B. make sure 　 C. find out 　 D. turn out
5. —What were you doing at 8:00 yesterday evening
—I ______ dinner with my family.
A. have 　 B. had 　 C. was having 　 D. am having
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. When the rainstorm started, I ________ (wait) for the bus.
7. The boy was so tired that he fell ________ (sleep) in class.
8. We should check the doors and windows to ensure our ________ (safe).
9. The news on TV reported that the storm caused heavy ________ (flood) in the area.
三、短文填空
Last Sunday was an unforgettable day. The weather was fine in the morning, but it changed 10.________ (sudden). Dark clouds covered the sky. I was helping my mom 11.________ (make) dinner when the rainstorm came. The wind was blowing strongly outside. It was beating 12.________ the windows heavily. All of a sudden, the lights went out. The room was in complete darkness. I felt a little 13.________ (scare). My dad told me not to worry. He found some candles and lit them. We sat together and told stories. After about two hours, the wind 14.________ (die) down and the rain stopped. We went out to have a look. The neighborhood was in a 15.________ (mess). There were fallen trees and rubbish everywhere. Neighbors came out to help clean 16.________ the street. Although the storm was terrible, it brought people 17.________ (close) together. We should always learn to help each 18.________ in times of difficulty.
点击查看答案
一、1-5 BAABC
二、6. was waiting 7. asleep 8. safety 9. floods/flooding
三、10. suddenly 11. make/making 12. against 13. scared 14. died 15. mess 16. up 17. closer 18. other
UNIT 6: Crossing Cultures (跨文化交流)
be supposed to 被期望；应该
You are supposed to shake hands when you meet for the first time.
初次见面时你应该握手。
【易错点】相当于 should，但语气较委婉，含有“按规则或惯例应该”之意。否定形式为 be not supposed to (不应该/不被允许)。
as soon as 一……就……
I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.
我一到北京就给你打电话。
【注意】遵循“主将从现”原则：主句用一般将来时，as soon as 引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。
get used to 习惯于
He has lived here for years, so he has got used to the weather.
他在这里住了好几年，所以已经习惯了这里的天气。
【拓展】used to do sth. (过去常常做某事) vs. be/get used to doing sth. (习惯于做某事)。
go out of one's way 特地；格外努力
They went out of their way to make me feel at home.
他们特地让我感觉像在家里一样（宾至如归）。
table manners 餐桌礼仪
It's important to have good table manners.
拥有良好的餐桌礼仪很重要。
【注意】manners (礼貌；礼仪) 常用复数。
【Unit 6 实战演练】
一、单项选择
1. You are supposed ______ your hand to ask questions in class.
A. raise 　 B. raising 　 C. to raise 　 D. raised
2. In China, it's polite to ______ when you receive a gift.
A. shake hands 　 B. say thank you 　 C. kiss 　 D. bow
3. I will tell him the news ______ he comes back.
A. as soon as 　 B. as long as 　 C. so that 　 D. even if
4. My grandfather used to ______ in the countryside, but now he is used to ______ in the city.
A. live; live 　 B. living; living 　 C. live; living 　 D. living; live
5. We went out of our way to make the new student ______ at home.
A. feel 　 B. to feel 　 C. feeling 　 D. felt
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. In Japan, people are supposed to ________ (bow) when they meet.
7. It is impolite to stick your chopsticks into the food. You shouldn't point at others with ________ (they).
8. Would you mind ________ (pass) me the salt
9. The customs in France are quite ________ (difference) from ours.
三、短文填空
When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to behave properly. In different countries, people have different 10.________ (custom). For example, in Brazil, people often kiss each other when they meet. But in China, people usually shake 11.________ (hand). In France, you are not supposed to put your bread on your plate. You should put it on the table. When you are invited to a meal, table 12.________ (manner) are very important. In China, you are not supposed to start eating 13.________ the older people start. And it’s rude to point at anyone with your chopsticks. In Switzerland, it’s polite to be on time. However, in some South American countries, being a bit 14.________ (late) is often okay. If you don't know what to do, you can watch what others do and follow 15.________ (they). Or you can ask the host for advice. When I went to Japan last year, I found it difficult to get used to 16.________ (bow). But I tried my best to learn. Understanding cultural differences can help us communicate 17.________ (good) and make more friends. So, remember: When in Rome, do as the Romans 18.________ (do).
答案
一、1-5 CBACA
二、6. bow 7. them 8. passing 9. different
三、10. customs 11. hands 12. manners 13. until/before 14. late 15. them 16. bowing 17. better 18. do
UNIT 7: A Good Read (好书推荐)
hear of 听说；知道
Have you ever heard of the book "Harry Potter"
你听说过《哈利·波特》这本书吗？
【拓展】hear from (收到...的来信)；hear about (听说关于...的事，侧重内容详情)。
base on / be based on 以……为基础；基于
The movie is based on a true story.
这部电影是基于一个真实故事改编的。
introduce ... to ... 介绍……给……
Let me introduce my friend to you.
让我把我的朋友介绍给你。
【规划变化】introduction (n. 介绍)。
so far 到目前为止
I have read three books so far this month.
这个月到目前为止我已经读了三本书。
【注意】so far 通常与**现在完成时**连用。
get lost 迷路
The little girl got lost in the forest.
那个小女孩在森林里迷路了。
【拓展】lose one's way (迷路)。lose (v.) - lost (过去式/过去分词)。
【Unit 7 实战演练】
一、单项选择
1. —Have you read Journey to the West
—Yes, I ______ it two years ago.
A. read 　 B. have read 　 C. will read 　 D. reading
2. The film The Battle at Lake Changjin ______ real events.
A. is based on 　 B. bases on 　 C. based on 　 D. is basing on
3. I have learnt 500 English words ______.
A. so far 　 B. just now 　 C. last week 　 D. ago
4. Can you introduce your hometown ______ us
A. for 　 B. with 　 C. to 　 D. of
5. You should finish ______ the book before you return it to the library.
A. read 　 B. to read 　 C. reading 　 D. reads
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. I ________ (not finish) reading the book yet.
7. Tom Sawyer is a story about ________ (adventure).
8. Have you ever ________ (hear) of the writer Lu Xun
9. The police found the ________ (miss) boy in the park.
三、短文填空
Reading is a good habit. It can open up our eyes. Among all the books I have read, Little Women is my favorite. It is a novel 10.________ (write) by Louisa May Alcott. The story is set in the 19th century. It 11.________ (tell) the story of four sisters growing up. They have different characters, but they all love each other. The book describes their daily lives, their dreams and their love. I have read this book three times 12.________ (so) far. Every time I read it, I can learn something new. The book teaches us to be brave and kind. It also shows the importance of family. The movie based 13.________ the book is also very popular. Have you ever 14.________ (see) it If not, I strongly recommend it 15.________ you. I think reading classics is a great way to improve our 16.________ (know). We should spend more time 17.________ (read) good books instead of playing computer games. Let's start reading right 18.________ (now).
答案
一、1-5 AAACC
二、6. haven't finished 7. adventure 8. heard 9. missing
三、10. written 11. tells 12. so 13. on 14. seen 15. to 16. knowledge 17. reading 18. now
UNIT 8: Making a Difference (产生影响/志愿者)
make a difference 影响；有作用；起作用
Your donation can make a difference to the children's lives.
你的捐赠可以对孩子们的生活产生影响（带来改变）。
【拓展】make no difference (没有作用/没有影响)。
help out 帮助分担工作；帮忙解决困难
I often help out at the food bank on weekends.
我经常在周末去食品银行帮忙。
hand out / give out 分发
The volunteers are handing out water to the runners.
志愿者们正在给赛跑者分发水。
【注意】动副结构，代词放中间 (hand them out)。
sign up 报名；注册
I want to sign up for the volunteer club.
我想报名参加志愿者俱乐部。
in need 在困难中；需要帮助的
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难见真情。
We should help people in need.
我们应该帮助有需要的人。
【Unit 8 实战演练】
一、单项选择
1. The small things we do can ______ to the environment.
A. make a difference 　 B. make a decision 　 C. make a mistake 　 D. make friends
2. Could you please help me ______ these leaflets to the students
A. give up 　 B. hand out 　 C. put off 　 D. turn down
3. Many students ______ for the sports meeting yesterday.
A. signed up 　 B. looked up 　 C. get up 　 D. make up
4. We should do our best to help the kids ______.
A. in danger 　 B. in need 　 C. in time 　 D. in order
5. —How long ______ you ______ a volunteer
—For three years.
A. have; become 　 B. have; been 　 C. did; become 　 D. did; be
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
6. It feels good ________ (help) others.
7. He ________ (work) in the old people's home since last year.
8. The box is too heavy. Can you help me ________ (carry) it
9. The look of ________ (joy) on their faces made me happy.
三、短文填空
Last month, our school organized a volunteer activity. I decided to 10.________ (sign) up for it. We went to the city park to clean 11.________ the rubbish. When we arrived, we saw plastic bags and bottles everywhere. It was dirty. We put on our gloves and started to work. Some students picked up the litter, while others put it into bags. We also 12.________ (hand) out leaflets to tell people about protecting the environment. Many people stopped to listen to us. After two hours of hard work, the park looked much 13.________ (clean) than before. Although we were tired, we felt very happy. This experience taught me that everyone can do something to make a 14.________ (different). Helping others helps ourselves. I have 15.________ (be) a volunteer for two years. I think volunteering is meaningful. It helps me learn new skills and make new friends. I hope more people can join us to help those 16.________ need. Let's work together to make our world a 17.________ (good) place. 18.________ (volunteer) makes our life colorful.
答案
一、1-5 ABABB
二、6. to help 7. has worked/has been working 8. carry/to carry 9. joy
三、10. sign 11. up 12. handed 13. cleaner 14. difference 15. been 16. in 17. better 18. Volunteering

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