资源简介

外研版八年级下册Unit 4-6 重点短语归纳
Unit 4 Helping out
一、 核心短语详解
1. get through
度过（难关）；通过；接通（电话）
【拓展】 在课文中意为“（帮助某人）度过困难时期”。help sb. get through sth. 帮助某人熬过……。
Colouring has helped her get through it.
涂色帮助她度过了那段（痛苦的）时期。
2. by no means
绝不；一点也不
【易错点】 这是一个强调否定语气的短语，相当于 not at all，但语气更强。mean 在这里是名词，意为“方法，手段”。
The work was by no means easy.
这项工作绝不轻松。
3. make up one's mind
下定决心；决定
【拓展】 同义短语：decide to do sth. 或 make a decision。mind 意为“思想，主意”。
So I made up my mind to become one of them.
所以我下定决心要成为他们中的一员。
4. race against time
与时间赛跑；争分夺秒
【注意】 形象地表达在极短的时间内努力做某事。
Day and night, they raced against time to save as many people as possible.
他们日夜奋战，与时间赛跑，以尽可能多地挽救生命。
5. go public
公开；公之于众
【拓展】 此处 go 是系动词，表示“变得，处于……状态”。
Leah's story went public.
莉亚的故事被公之于众（为大家所知）。
6. reduce ... to pieces
使……变成碎片/废墟
【语法】 reduce 在此意为“使……陷入（某种状态）”。课文中是被动语态：be reduced to pieces。
All the other buildings were reduced to pieces.
所有其他的建筑物都变成了废墟。
7. jump to one's feet
跳起来；突然站起来
【注意】 表示动作迅速，通常是因为惊讶、恐惧或急切。
I jumped to my feet and rushed outside.
我猛地跳起来，冲到了外面。
8. spread fast
迅速传播
【注意】 spread 的过去式和过去分词都是 spread (AAA型)。
Word spread fast, and Leah's story went public.
消息传得很快，莉亚的故事众所周知了。
9. offer one's hand
伸出援手；提供帮助
【拓展】 同义表达：give/lend a helping hand。
It was time for me to offer mine (my hand).
是时候让我伸出援手了。
10. care for
照顾；照料；喜爱
【拓展】 相当于 look after 或 take care of。
You helped and cared for sick animals there.
你在那里帮助并照料了生病的动物。
二、 单元短语过关练习 (Unit 4)
I. 单项选择 (5题)
1. The doctors are _______ to save the patient's life. Every minute counts.
A. racing against time B. making up their minds C. keeping their promise D. taking a break
2. This math problem is _______ easy. I need your help.
A. by the way B. by no means C. by accident D. by mistake
3. She finally _______ to study medicine after seeing the doctors' hard work.
A. changed her mind B. lost her mind C. made up her mind D. kept in mind
4. The news about the earthquake _______ quickly on the Internet.
A. reduced B. offered C. spread D. raised
5. Listening to music can help you _______ the difficult times.
A. look through B. get through C. go through D. break through
II. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (4题)
6. After the heavy rain, the old house was _______ (reduce) to pieces.
7. When he heard the bad news, he jumped to his _______ (foot) in shock.
8. The story of the brave dog has _______ (go) public recently.
9. She enjoys _______ (care) for homeless animals at the centre.
III. 短文填空 (9小题)
请从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。
offer one's hand, raise money, by no means, make up one's mind, get through
Leah is a kind girl. When she was in hospital, she saw many children feeling bored and sad. She wanted to help them (10)_________ the painful treatment. So she decided to (11)_________ to buy crayons for them. It was (12)_________ an easy task for a little girl. But Leah (13)_________ to collect 500 boxes of crayons. Her story moved many people. Everyone was willing to (14)_________ (help her). In the end, she collected more than expected. Her kindness proves that even a small act can bring warmth to others.
Unit 4 参考答案
I. 单项选择: 1-5 ABCCB
II. 适当形式填空: 6. reduced 7. feet (jump to one's feet 固定搭配) 8. gone 9. caring
III. 短文填空: 10. get through 11. raise money 12. by no means 13. made up her mind 14. offer their hands (或 offer a hand/offer help)
Unit 5 Looking into nature
一、 核心短语详解
1. look into
调查；研究；向……里面看
【注意】 在本单元标题中引申为“探索（自然）”。
Scientists are looking into the secrets of nature.
科学家们正在探索大自然的秘密。
2. carry out
执行；开展；实施
【易错点】 常搭配 carry out research / an experiment / a plan。区别于 carry on (继续)。
To carry out his research, he spent years in wild mountains.
为了开展研究，他在深山里度过了数年。
3. carry on with
继续进行……
【拓展】 相当于 continue with 或 go on with。
He still carried on with his research for another 10 years.
他又继续进行了10年的研究。
4. pass away
去世；逝世
【注意】 是 die 的委婉语，表示对他人的尊重。
He passed away at the age of 96.
他于96岁时去世。
5. unlock the secrets (of)
解开（……的）秘密
【拓展】 unlock 原意为“开锁”，形象地表示揭开谜题。
Then we can use this key to unlock more secrets of nature.
然后我们可以用这把钥匙去解开更多大自然的秘密。
6. lose sight (in/of)
失明；看不见
【注意】 lose sight in one's right eye (右眼失明)。lose sight of sth. (看不见某物；忽略某事)。
He lost sight in his right eye at the age of 83.
他在83岁时右眼失明了。
7. belong to
属于
【易错点】 belong to 没有被动语态，也不用于进行时。 后面接宾格代词（如 belong to me）。
For him, the award belonged to the team.
对他来说，这个奖项属于团队。
8. fall ill
生病
【拓展】 fall 在这里是系动词，ill 是形容词。fall seriously ill (病得很重)。
Once, he fell seriously ill while doing field work.
有一次，他在进行野外工作时病得很重。
9. millions of
数以百万计的；大量的
【语法】 当 million, hundred, thousand 前有具体数字时，不加s，不加of (如 3 million years)；表示模糊数字时，加s，加of。
The find proves that it did 35 million years ago. (注意此处无s)
这一发现证明了它确实发生在3500万年前。
10. caught in time
被时间定格；被封存在时光中
【注意】 Reading 1 标题 "Secrets caught in time" (被时间定格的秘密)。catch 的过去分词是 caught。
Amber shows us life caught in time.
琥珀向我们展示了被定格在时光中的生命。
二、 单元短语过关练习 (Unit 5)
I. 单项选择 (5题)
1. The scientist spent all his life _______ research on plants.
A. carrying out B. carrying off C. putting out D. giving out
2. The book implies that the gold coin _______ the captain.
A. is belonged to B. belongs to C. belonging to D. belongs
3. It is sad that the famous artist _______ yesterday.
A. passed by B. passed on C. passed away D. passed out
4. We need to work harder to _______ the secrets of the universe.
A. lock B. unlock C. clock D. block
5. There are _______ stars in the sky. It's hard to count them.
A. million of B. millions of C. two millions D. two million of
II. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (4题)
6. He decided to _______ (look) into the matter to find the truth.
7. Even though he was tired, he carried on with _______ (work).
8. Sadly, he lost _______ (sight) in the accident.
9. She fell _______ (ill) last week because of the cold weather.
III. 短文填空 (9小题)
请从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。
belong to, carry out, pass away, caught in time, unlock
Professor Wang was a great scientist. He loved nature and spent his life (10)_________ research on plants. He discovered many new species that (11)_________ China. For him, every plant was like a secret waiting to be (12)_________. Fossils and amber are also interesting; they are like history (13)_________. Although Professor Wang (14)_________ (died) years ago, his spirit of exploration lives on. He encourages us to keep exploring the unknown world.
Unit 5 参考答案
I. 单项选择: 1-5 AB C B B
II. 适当形式填空: 6. look 7. working (with是介词) 8. sight 9. ill
III. 短文填空: 10. carrying out 11. belonged to 12. unlocked 13. caught in time 14. passed away
Unit 6 Living with nature
一、 核心短语详解
1. live in harmony with
与……和谐相处
【拓展】 harmony 意为“和谐”。这是本单元的核心主题。live with nature 也有类似含义。
We should try to live in harmony with nature, not destroy it.
我们应该尝试与自然和谐相处，而不是破坏它。
2. be known as
被称为……；以……（身份/名称）闻名
【易错点】 be known for 意为“因……（特点/成就）而闻名”。
例：He is known as a singer. (他作为歌手而闻名 - 身份)
He is known for his songs. (他因他的歌而闻名 - 原因)
Turpan is known as one of the hottest areas in the world.
吐鲁番被称为世界上最热的地区之一。
3. thanks to
幸亏；由于；多亏
【注意】 通常用于表达积极的原因，含有感激之意。而 because of 可用于积极或消极原因。
Thanks to the karez system, people can grow plants in the desert.
多亏了坎儿井系统，人们可以在沙漠中种植植物。
4. play a role in
在……中发挥作用；扮演角色
【拓展】 play an important part/role in... 在……中起重要作用。
The karez system still plays an important role today.
坎儿井系统在今天仍然发挥着重要作用。
5. take an interest in
对……感兴趣
【拓展】 相当于 be interested in。
More young people are taking an interest in the ancient wisdom.
越来越多的年轻人开始对古老的智慧感兴趣。
6. take action
采取行动
【注意】 action 在此短语中通常用单数，不加冠词。
We must take action to protect the environment.
我们必须采取行动来保护环境。
7. make use of
利用；使用
【拓展】 make full/good use of (充分/好好利用)。
We should make full use of natural resources like wind and sun.
我们应该充分利用风和太阳等自然资源。
8. hurry to
匆忙去……
【语法】 hurry 是动词。hurry up (快点)。
Villagers hurried to the fields to pick up the wheat.
村民们匆忙赶到田里去收麦子。
9. in the east of
在……的东部（在范围内部）
【易错点】 to the east of (在……东边，范围外)；on the east of (接壤)。
例：Turpan is in the east of Xinjiang. (吐鲁番在新疆内部)
Turpan is in the east of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
吐鲁番位于新疆维吾尔自治区东部。
10. as long as
长达……；只要
【语法】 在本单元阅读课文中表示长度比较：“和……一样长”。同时也是常用连词“只要”。
That's nearly as long as the Yellow River!
那几乎和黄河一样长！
二、 单元短语过关练习 (Unit 6)
I. 单项选择 (5题)
1. _______ your help, I finished the work on time.
A. Thanks to B. Because C. As for D. Instead of
2. Mo Yan _______ a great writer. He won the Nobel Prize.
A. is known for B. is known as C. is known to D. is known by
3. It is important for humans to live _______ nature.
A. in danger of B. in harmony with C. in front of D. in need of
4. Everyone should _______ to stop pollution.
A. take place B. take turns C. take action D. take care
5. Shanghai is _______ the east of China.
A. to B. on C. at D. in
II. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (4题)
6. He started to take an interest in _______ (paint) bamboo.
7. Technology plays an important role in _______ (solve) problems.
8. We should make full use of our time _______ (study).
9. Seeing the rain, they hurried _______ (go) home.
III. 短文填空 (9小题)
请从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。
thanks to, live in harmony with, be known as, take action, in the east of
The karez system is a great wonder. It is located in Turpan, (10)_________ Xinjiang. Turpan (11)_________ the "Fire Land" because it is very hot. However, (12)_________ the wise ancient people, the karez system brings underground water to the thirsty land. It allows people to grow crops and (13)_________ the harsh environment. The system shows the wisdom of living with nature. Today, we should (14)_________ to protect such great projects and learn to respect nature.
Unit 6 参考答案
I. 单项选择: 1-5 ABBCD
II. 适当形式填空: 6. painting 7. solving 8. to study 9. to go
III. 短文填空: 10. in the east of 11. is known as 12. thanks to 13. live in harmony with 14. take action

展开更多......

收起↑