资源简介

译林版八年级下册 Unit 5-8 重点短语归纳
Unit 5 Good manners
一、重点短语精讲
1. leave the tap running 让水龙头一直流着水
【注意】leave + 宾语 + 宾补（doing/done/adj.）。这里 running 是现在分词作宾补，表示“一直处于……状态”。
Don't leave the tap running while brushing your teeth.
刷牙时不要让水龙头一直开着。
2. wait in line / cut in line 排队等候 / 插队
【拓展】jump the queue / line 也是“插队”的意思。cut in (on sb./sth.) 还可以表示“打断（谈话）”。
We should wait in line for the bus and not cut in line.
我们应该排队等公交车，不应该插队。
3. keep one's voice down 控制音量，低声说话
【易错点】voice 指人的嗓音；noise 指噪音；sound 指自然界的声音。keep down 意为“控制，压制”。
Please keep your voice down in the library.
在图书馆请低声说话。
4. shake hands (with sb.) （与某人）握手
【注意】hand 必须用复数形式 hands。
In China, people usually shake hands when they meet for the first time.
在中国，人们初次见面时通常会握手。
5. get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于（做）某事
【易错点】区分：used to do sth. (过去常常做某事)；be/get used to doing sth. (习惯于做某事)。to 在这里是介词。
He has got used to living in the countryside.
他已经习惯了住在乡下。
二、单元巩固练习
(A) 单项选择
1. It is impolite to ________ others when they are talking.
A. cut in B. cut off C. cut up D. cut down
2. You ________ pick flowers in the park. It is against the rules.
A. shouldn't B. needn't C. won't D. don't have to
3. My grandpa is used to ________ newspapers after breakfast.
A. read B. reading C. reads D. to read
4. In the UK, people often greet relatives ________ a kiss.
A. by B. in C. with D. on
5. We should prevent people from ________ litter everywhere.
A. drop B. dropping C. to drop D. dropped
(B) 用所给词的适当形式填空
6. You are old enough to learn how to behave ________ (proper).
7. It is good manners ________ (wait) for your turn patiently.
8. Please avoid ________ (make) noise in the reading room.
9. He left the room without ________ (say) a word.
(C) 短文填空（根据首字母或上下文填空）
Good manners are very important in our daily life. When we are in public, we should follow some rules. For example, we should keep (10) q________ in the library. We shouldn't (11) d________ litter anywhere. It is polite to (12) o________ our seats to the elderly or pregnant women on the bus. When we are having dinner with others, we should pay attention to table (13) m________. We shouldn't start eating (14) u________ everyone is ready. Also, it's impolite to reach (15) f________ food across the table. In different countries, manners may be (16) d________. In China, people use chopsticks, while in the West, people use knives and (17) f________. As the saying goes, "When in Rome, do (18) a________ the Romans do."
Unit 5 参考答案：
(A) 1. A 2. A 3. B (be used to doing) 4. C 5. B (prevent ... from doing)
(B) 6. properly 7. to wait 8. making 9. saying
(C) 10. quiet 11. drop 12. offer 13. manners 14. until 15. for 16. different 17. forks 18. as
Unit 6 Sunshine for all
一、重点短语精讲
1. volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事
【拓展】volunteer 既可作动词也可作名词（志愿者）。volunteer work 志愿工作。
Many students volunteered to help at the sports meeting.
许多学生志愿在运动会上帮忙。
2. give sb. a chance to do sth. 给某人机会做某事
【同义句】give sb. a chance for sth.
The games give the disabled athletes a chance to show their skills.
这些比赛给残疾运动员一个展示技能的机会。
3. suffer from 受……（病痛）折磨；患……病
【注意】from 后接疾病名称或痛苦的原因。
He suffers from a serious headache.
他患有严重的头痛。
4. give up 放弃
【用法】give up doing sth. 放弃做某事。give up hope 放弃希望。
The athletes never give up trying to achieve their dreams.
运动员们从不放弃实现梦想的努力。
5. provide ... with ... 为……提供……
【句型转换】provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.
The school provides the poor students with free lunch.
学校为贫困学生提供免费午餐。
二、单元巩固练习
(A) 单项选择
1. We should help the people ________ need.
A. at B. on C. for D. in
2. The government provides the homeless people ________ food and clothes.
A. for B. with C. to D. of
3. It is meaningful for us ________ part in volunteer activities.
A. take B. taking C. to take D. took
4. Although he is disabled, he never gives up ________ his dream.
A. achieve B. achieving C. to achieve D. achieved
5. —What do you think of the Volunteer Project
—It helps ________ teenagers learn about responsibility.
A. thousand of B. thousands of C. thousand D. thousands
(B) 用所给词的适当形式填空
6. It is necessary for us ________ (support) the Special Olympics.
7. The coach expects his team ________ (win) the gold medal.
8. We were ________ (move) by their courage and spirit.
9. She works as a ________ (voluntarily) at the community center on weekends.
(C) 短文填空（根据首字母或上下文填空）
There are many people around us who need help. Some people are (10) b________ and cannot see anything. Some are deaf and cannot hear. Others may have physical (11) d________ and cannot walk easily. We should give them a helping (12) h________. The Special Olympics World Games is an event for these people. It gives them a (13) c________ to show their skills to the world. Athletes from different countries come together to (14) c________ (竞争). They try their best to win medals. But winning is not the most important thing. The most important thing is to take (15) p________. Volunteers play an important role in the games. They provide (16) s________ for the athletes. They help make the event (17) s________. We should respect and help people in need to create a (18) b________ world.
Unit 6 参考答案：
(A) 1. D (in need) 2. B (provide sb with sth) 3. C (It is adj for sb to do) 4. B (give up doing) 5. B
(B) 6. to support 7. to win (expect sb to do) 8. moved 9. volunteer
(C) 10. blind 11. disabilities 12. hand 13. chance pete 15. part 16. support/service 17. successful 18. better
Unit 7 Charities
一、重点短语精讲
1. afford to do sth. 买得起；有能力支付（做某事）
【用法】通常与 can / could / be able to 连用。afford sth. (买得起某物)。
Many poor families can't afford to go to hospital.
许多贫困家庭没钱去医院看病。
2. be proud of 为……感到自豪
【同义词】take pride in。
We are proud of helping people in need.
我们为帮助有需要的人而感到自豪。
3. operate on 给……动手术
【用法】doctor operates on patient (医生给病人动手术)。
The doctors operated on 150 patients on the plane last week.
上周医生们在飞机上给150名病人动了手术。
4. raise money 筹款
【拓展】organize a charity show / walk to raise money (组织慈善义演/步行来筹款)。
They are selling books to raise money for the project.
他们正在卖书为这个项目筹款。
5. carry on (with) 继续（做某事）
【用法】carry on doing sth. 或 carry on with sth.。
We should carry on with our work even if it is difficult.
即使很困难，我们也应该继续我们的工作。
二、单元巩固练习
(A) 单项选择
1. The charity show was held ________ money for the poor children.
A. raise B. raising C. to raise D. raised
2. The plane is used as a hospital. Doctors perform operations ________ board.
A. in B. on C. at D. by
3. I'm afraid I can't afford ________ such an expensive car.
A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. bought
4. UNICEF was set ________ in 1946 to help children in Europe.
A. up B. off C. out D. in
5. Many illnesses can be prevented ________ treated early.
A. if B. but C. so D. or
(B) 用所给词的适当形式填空
6. The patients are grateful to the doctors for ________ (bring) sight back to them.
7. Many leaflets were ________ (hand) out to people in the street yesterday.
8. It is important ________ (help) others.
9. With the ________ (develop) of medicine, many diseases can be cured.
(C) 短文填空（根据首字母或上下文填空）
Orbis is a famous charity. It helps people with (10) e________ problems. Many people in poor areas go (11) b________ because they cannot get proper medical treatment. Orbis has a flying eye hospital. It is a (12) p________. Doctors and nurses work on it. They fly to different countries to (13) o________ on patients. They also teach local doctors skills. In this way, local doctors can help (14) m________ people. Orbis needs money to carry on its work. We can support it by making a (15) d________. Even a small amount of money can make a difference. We can also work as (16) v________. Let's do something to bring (17) l________ to the world. It is better to give than to (18) r________.
Unit 7 参考答案：
(A) 1. C (表目的) 2. B (on board 在飞机/船上) 3. C (afford to do) 4. A (set up 建立) 5. A
(B) 6. bringing 7. handed (被动语态) 8. to help 9. development
(C) 10. eye 11. blind 12. plane 13. operate 14. more 15. donation 16. volunteers 17. light 18. receive
Unit 8 A green world
一、重点短语精讲
1. make a difference 有影响；起作用
【拓展】make no difference (没有影响)；make a big difference (有很大影响)。
Small actions can make a big difference to the environment.
小小的行动也能对环境产生巨大的影响。
2. cut down 砍倒；减少
【用法】cut down trees (砍树)；cut down on sth. (削减/减少某事物的量)。
We should stop people from cutting down too many trees.
我们应该阻止人们砍伐太多的树木。
3. run out (of) 用完，耗尽
【辨析】sb. run out of sth. (某人用完了某物，主语是人)；sth. run out (某物用完了，主语是物)。
Our water is running out. / We are running out of water.
我们的水快用完了。
4. separate ... into ... 把……分开/分类成……
【拓展】divide ... into ... (把……分成……，常指整体分割)。separate 侧重于把混合物分开或隔离。
We should separate rubbish into different groups for recycling.
我们应该把垃圾分类以便回收利用。
5. depend on / rely on 依靠，依赖
【用法】后接 sb./sth.。
All living things depend on the sun for energy.
所有生物都依靠太阳获取能量。
二、单元巩固练习
(A) 单项选择
1. We should do something to protect the earth ________ pollution.
A. of B. for C. from D. in
2. If we continue to waste water, it will ________ one day.
A. run out B. run out of C. run away D. run off
3. ________ lights when you leave the room is a good habit.
A. Turn off B. Turning off C. Turn on D. Turning on
4. The government has taken steps to stop the factory from ________ harmful things into the river.
A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts
5. It is wise ________ people ________ separate rubbish for recycling.
A. of; to B. for; to C. of; for D. for; of
(B) 用所给词的适当形式填空
6. Trees help clean the air and prevent soil from ________ (wash) away.
7. More and more trees will be ________ (plant) next year.
8. It is everyone's duty ________ (protect) the environment.
9. The ________ (pollute) is becoming more and more serious.
(C) 短文填空（根据首字母或上下文填空）
The earth is our home. However, it is in danger now. Pollution is a serious (10) p________. Air pollution makes people sick. Water pollution kills fish. We must take action to (11) s________ the earth. First, we should lead a green (12) l________. We can walk or ride a bike instead of (13) d________ a car. This helps reduce air pollution. Second, we should save (14) e________. Remember to turn off the lights when we leave. Third, we should reduce waste. We can (15) r________ bottles and paper. Don't use plastic bags. Use cloth bags instead. Finally, planting trees is also a good way. Trees are important to us. We should stop cutting them (16) d________. If everyone makes a (17) c________, the world will become a better place. Let's work together for a (18) g________ world.
Unit 8 参考答案：
(A) 1. C (protect ... from) 2. A (物作主语用run out) 3. B (动名词作主语) 4. B (stop ... from doing) 5. A (It is wise of sb to do)
(B) 6. being washed (prevent sth from being done) 7. planted (将来时被动语态) 8. to protect 9. pollution
(C) 10. problem 11. save 12. life 13. driving 14. energy 15. recycle 16. down 17. contribution/change (make a contribution/change) 或 difference (make a difference) - 此处填 difference 更贴切短语 18. green/greener

展开更多......

收起↑