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/ 让教学更有效 英语学科
Unit 1 Past and present 课文解析一
1.Great changes have taken place in China over the years.
过去多年里中国发生了巨大的改变。
[用法讲解]change在此处为名词，译为"变化"，还可译为"零钱";change还可为动词，译为"改变，交换".
Eg: She decided to change her hairstyle.
她决定改变她的发型。
Can you change this $10 bill for smaller denominations
你能把这张10美元的钞票兑换成小面额的吗
Many changes have taken place since then.
自那以来，发生了许多变化。
I don't have any change for the parking meter.
我没有零钱来投放停车费。
[常见搭配]change...into... 把...变成...
change...for... 用...换来...
Eg: I'm thinking of changing my car for a new one.
我正考虑换辆新车。
He changed his dollars into francs.
他把美元换成了法郎。
[易混辨析] happen和take place的区别
happen通常用于描述偶然或突发性事件，强调事件的不可预测性和偶然性；
take place通常用于描述按计划或安排发生的事件，强调事件的计划性和预谋性。
Eg: An accident happened yesterday.
昨天发生了一起事故。
The meeting will take place next Monday.
会议将在下周一举行。
[即学即用]
1.这个魔术师把小女孩变成了鸟。
This magician_________the girl________ a bird.
( )2. An accident _____ in the small town yesterday.
A.take place B.happened C.was happened D. took place
答案：1.changed into 2.B
2.I used to go to school by bike. 我过去骑自行车去上学。
[用法讲解]"by bike"译为"骑自行车"。英语中乘坐某种交通工具常用的表达方法：
(1)"by+表示交通工具等的名词"，泛指乘某种交通工具，在句中作方式状语。
Eg:by air/ plane 乘飞机
by ship/ underground/ train/ bus 乘船/地铁/火车/公共汽车
(2)"in/on+冠词/形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+表示交通工具的名词"，在句中作方式状语。
Eg:in one's/ a car 乘坐小汽车
on a plane/ train 坐飞机/火车
on a/ one's bike 骑自行车
(3)"take+a/the+表示交通工具的名词"，但"骑自行车"用"ride a bike"表示。
Eg: He takes the train to Nanjing every year.
他每年都乘火车去南京。
I usually ride my bike to school.
我通常骑自行车去上学。
(4)"On foot"译为"步行"，是介词短语。
注意：go to...on foot=walk to...译为"步行去...".
Eg: My dad goes to work on foot every day.= My dad walks to work every day.
我爸爸每天步行去上班。
[即学即用]
My sister will go to Beijing by plane tomorrow.(同义句转换)
My sister will ______________to Beijing tomorrow.
My sister will go to Beijing_____________tomorrow.
答案：take a plane; on a plane
3.The rise of Shenzhen: a city of innovation 深圳的崛起：一个创新的城市。
[易混辨析] rise,arise与raise区别：
rise(动词)"上升"表示由低到高的变化过程，强调主语自身移向较高位置。
arise(动词)"起身"主语发出的动作，作用到其它事物。
raise(动词)"举起"表示把具体事物举到高处。
Eg:The sun rises.
太阳升起来了。
He arises to greet her.
他起身向她问候。
He raises his hand to answer questions.
他举手回答问题。
[即学即用]
( )Last year the advertising rate_____by20 percent.
A.raised B.rose C.arose D.went down
答案：B
4.A pioneer in China's reform and opening up, Shenzhen has attracted workers from across the world.作为中国改革开放的先锋，深圳吸引了来自世界各地的劳动者。
[用法讲解] attract为动词，译为"吸引，引起兴趣".
Eg: The new exhibition attracted thousands of visitors.
新展览吸引了数千名参观者。
His speech attracted criticism from the public.
他的演讲引起了公众的批评。
[常见搭配] attract one's attention 吸引某人注意力
be attracted by ... 被...吸引
be attracted to ... 被吸引到...
Eg: The loud noise attracted everyone's attention.
巨大的噪音吸引了所有人的注意力。
The audience was attracted by the performer's skills.
观众被表演者的技巧吸引了。
Many tourists are attracted to this city because of its history.
许多游客因为历史被吸引到这座城市。
[派生词] attraction为名词，译为"吸引，吸引力";
attractive为形容词，译为"有吸引力的，迷人的".
Eg:The attraction of the city is its culture.
城市的吸引力在于其分化。
I thought he was very attractive and obviously very intelligent.
我觉得他魅力非凡，才智过人。
[即学即用]
The new product has a_________ a lot of interest.
答案：attracted
5.Innovation lies at the very heart of the city. 创新是这座城市的核心。
[用法讲解] lie在此处为动词，译为"位于"，也可译为"躺，说谎".
注意：译为"位于，躺"时，其过去式为lay，过去分词为lain；译为"说谎"时，其过去式为lied,过去分词为lied.
Eg: Japan lies to the east of China.
日本位于中国的东面。
She lies on the sofa every afternoon.
她每天下午躺在沙发上。
He often lies about his work.
他经常谎报工作。
[常见搭配] lie to... 位于...(不接壤)
lie on... 位于...(接壤)
lie in... 位于...(范围内)
lie off... 位于...(隔一段距离)
lie to sb. 多某人说谎
Eg: Russia lies on the north of China.
俄罗斯位于中国的北方。
Liaoning lies in the north of China.
辽宁位于中国北方。
The island lies off the coast.
岛屿位于海岸外。
He often lies to his parents.
他经常对父母说谎。
[即学即用]
( )Beijing lies______ the northwest of Shanghai.
A.to B.on C.in D.off
答案：A
6.Today, it is leading the move from "Made in China" to "Created in China".
如今，它正引领着从"中国制造"向"中国创造"的转变。
[用法讲解] made在此处为动词make的过去分词，前面通常需加be动词的适当形式。
[常见搭配] be made of... 由...制成(能看出原材料)
be made from...由...制成(看不出原材料)
be made in地点在...制作
be made by人由某人制造
be made into...被制成...
be made up of...由...制成
Eg: The chair is made of bamboo.
这把椅子是竹子做的。
The paper is made from wood.
纸是由木材制成的。
The pen is made in China.
这支钢笔是中国制造的。
This cake is made by my mom.
这个蛋糕是我妈妈制作的。
Grapes can be made into wine.
葡萄可以被制成葡萄酒。
The team is made up of ten boys.
这支队伍由十个男孩组成。
[即学即用]
( )1. Our teacher told us that water was made ________oxygen and hydrogen.
A.of B.from C.up of D. into
2.这辆车是德国制造。
This car_________________Germany.
答案：1.B 2.is made in
7.Shenzhen is also active in its drive to become a cultural centre.
深圳也积极致力于成为文化中心。
[用法讲解] drive作名词，译为"冲劲，驱车旅行";drive还可为动词，译为"驾驶，迫使，推动"，其过去式为drove，过去分词为driven.
Eg: She has a drive to succeed.
她有成功的冲动。
I went for a drive in the countryside.
我开车去乡下。
She drives a car to work every day.
我每天开车上班。
The farmer drove the cattle to the field.
农民把牛赶到田野。
The team is driven to complete the project on time.
团队致力于按时完成项目。
[常见搭配] have a drive for... 对...有冲劲，有对...的本能需求
drive sb.crazy/mad使某人发疯或抓狂
drive sb. away 赶走某人
drive home sth. 强调某点
drive out sth. 消除或根除某物
take a drive 短途驾驶
Eg: Tom has a strong drive for knowledge, so he always studies hard.
汤姆对知识有强烈的冲劲，所以他总是努力学习。
The constant delays are driving me mad!
不断的延误快把我逼疯了!
High prices drove away potential buyers.
高价吓退了潜在买家。
She drove home the need for teamwork.
她反复强调团队合作的必要性。
Efforts to drive out invasive species continue.
根除外来入侵物种的努力持续进行。
We took a drive to watch the sunset.
我们开车去看日落。
[派生词] driver为名词，译为"司机".
Eg: The bus driver asked them to move along.
公共汽车司机让他们往里走走。
[即学即用]
1.有时金钱可以让人疯狂，甚至毁掉他们。
Sometimes money can_______________and even kill them.
2.The________(drive) sits at the front of the bus.
答案：1.drive people crazy 2.driver
8.It offers a wealth of cultural facilities with libraries, museums, theatres and art spaces, as well as many excellent cultural and educational activities.它拥有丰富的文化设施，包括图书馆，博物馆，剧院和艺术空间，还有许多精彩的文化和教育活动。
[用法讲解]offer在此处为动词，译为"提供";offer还可为名词，译为"邀请，提议，帮助，优惠，机会"等。
Eg: The company offered him a job with a good salary.
公司给他提供了一个薪水不错的工作。
She received a job offer from tech company.
她收到了一家科技公司的工作邀请。
Thank you for your kind offer of help.
感谢你的善意帮助。
This products is on a 20% discount offer.
这个产品打八折优惠。
The company provides free training offers to new employees.
公司为新员工提供免费培训机会。
[常见搭配] offer sb. sth.= offer sth.to sb.提供某人某物
make/ put in an offer 提出报价
on offer 可买到，可使用
Eg: He offered a seat to the elderly lady. = He offered the elderly lady a seat.
他给那位老奶奶让了座。
They made an offer on the house.
他们对这栋房子提出了报价。
Prizes worth more than $20,000 are on offer.
奖品总值超过20,000美元，可供领取。
[易混辨析] offer与provide区别：
offer通常指主动提供某物或某服务，带有一定的积极性和自愿性，与job,help等词搭配；
provide则更常用于提出计划，建议或观点，与 with连用。
Eg: I offered to buy her lunch, but she declined.
我提出请她吃午饭，但她拒绝了。
They will provide us with eggs.
他们为我们提供鸡蛋。
"as well as"译为"除...之外，也，还".
注意：当"as well as"连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式要与前面的主语保持一致；as well as后接动词时需用doing形式。
Eg: The teacher, as well as the students, is interested in this new teaching method.
老师以及学生们都对这种新的教学方法感兴趣。
She bought a book as well as a pen.
她买了一本书以及一支钢笔。
The project will bring economic benefits as well as social benefits.
这个项目不但会带来经济效益，还会带来社会效益。
He likes reading as well as playing football.
他喜欢读书以及踢足球。
[即学即用]
( )1.He______me a job, but I didn't accept.
A.offers B.offered C.provides D.provided
( )2.My sister, as well as her friends,_____ to go shopping on weekends.
A.like B.likes C.liking D. liked
3.她既会做美味的饭菜，又会烤蛋糕。
She can cook delicious meals_________bake cakes.
答案：1.B 2.B 3. as well as
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共40张PPT)
Unit 1 Past and present
八年级
译林版2024
下
课文解析一
1.Great changes have takenplace in China over the years.
过去多年里中国发生了巨大的改变。
[用法讲解]change在此处为名词，译为"变化"，还可译为"零钱";change还可为动词，译为"改变，交换".
Eg: She decided to change her hairstyle.
她决定改变她的发型。
Can you change this $10 bill for smaller denominations
你能把这张10美元的钞票兑换成小面额的吗
Many changes have taken place since then.
自那以来，发生了许多变化。
I don't have any change for the parking meter.
我没有零钱来投放停车费。
[常见搭配]change...into...把...变成...
change...for...用...换来...
Eg: I'm thinking of changing my car for a new one.
我正考虑换辆新车。
He changed his dollars into francs.
他把美元换成了法郎。
[易混辨析] happen和take place的区别
happen通常用于描述偶然或突发性事件，强调事件的不可预测性和偶然性；
take place通常用于描述按计划或安排发生的事件，强调事件的计划性和预谋性。
Eg: An accident happened yesterday.
昨天发生了一起事故。
The meeting will take place next Monday.
会议将在下周一举行。
[即学即用]
1.这个魔术师把小女孩变成了鸟。
This magician_________the girl________ a bird.
( )2. An accident _____ in the small town yesterday.
A.take place B.happenedC.was happened D. took place
changed into
B
2.I used to go to school by bike. 我过去骑自行车去上学。
[用法讲解]"by bike"译为"骑自行车"。英语中乘坐某种交通工具常用的表达方法：
(1)"by+表示交通工具等的名词"，泛指乘某种交通工具，在句中作方式状语。
Eg:by air/ plane乘飞机
by ship/ underground/ train/ bus乘船/地铁/火车/公共汽车
(2)"in/on+冠词/形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+表示交通工具的名词"，在句中作方式状语。
Eg:in one's/ a car乘坐小汽车
on a plane/ train坐飞机/火车
on a/ one's bike骑自行车
(3)"take+a/the+表示交通工具的名词"，但"骑自行车"用"ride a bike"表示。
Eg: He takes the train to Nanjing every year.
他每年都乘火车去南京。
I usually ride my bike to school.
我通常骑自行车去上学。
(4)"On foot"译为"步行"，是介词短语。
注意：go to...on foot=walk to...译为"步行去...".
Eg: My dad goes to work on foot every day.= My dad walks to work every day.
我爸爸每天步行去上班。
[即学即用]
My sister will go to Beijing by plane tomorrow.(同义句转换)
My sister will ______________to Beijing tomorrow.
My sister will go to Beijing_____________tomorrow.
take a plane
on a plane
3.The rise of Shenzhen: a city ofinnovation深圳的崛起：一个创新的城市。
[易混辨析]rise,arise与raise区别：
rise(动词)"上升"表示由低到高的变化过程，强调主语自身移向较高位置。
arise(动词)"起身"主语发出的动作，作用到其它事物。
raise(动词)"举起"表示把具体事物举到高处。
Eg:The sun rises.
太阳升起来了。
He arises to greet her.
他起身向她问候。
He raises his hand to answer questions.
他举手回答问题。
[即学即用]
( )Last year the advertising rate_____by20 percent.
A.raised B.rose C.arose D.went down
B
4.A pioneer in China's reform and opening up, Shenzhen has attracted workers from across the world.作为中国改革开放的先锋，深圳吸引了来自世界各地的劳动者。
[用法讲解]attract为动词，译为"吸引，引起兴趣".
Eg: The new exhibition attracted thousands of visitors.
新展览吸引了数千名参观者。
His speech attracted criticism from the public.
他的演讲引起了公众的批评。
[常见搭配]attract one's attention吸引某人注意力
be attracted by ... 被...吸引
be attracted to ...被吸引到...
Eg: The loud noise attracted everyone's attention.
巨大的噪音吸引了所有人的注意力。
Theaudiencewas attractedby the performer's skills.
观众被表演者的技巧吸引了。
Many tourists are attracted to this city because of its history.
许多游客因为历史被吸引到这座城市。
[派生词]attraction为名词，译为"吸引，吸引力";
attractive为形容词，译为"有吸引力的，迷人的".
Eg:The attraction of the city is its culture.
城市的吸引力在于其分化。
I thought he was very attractive and obviously very intelligent.
我觉得他魅力非凡，才智过人。
[即学即用]
The new product has a_________ a lot of interest.
ttracted
5.Innovation lies at the very heart of the city. 创新是这座城市的核心。
[用法讲解] lie在此处为动词，译为"位于"，也可译为"躺，说谎".
注意：译为"位于，躺"时，其过去式为lay，过去分词为lain；译为"说谎"时，其过去式为lied,过去分词为lied.
Eg: Japan lies to the east of China.
日本位于中国的东面。
She lies on the sofa every afternoon.
她每天下午躺在沙发上。
He often lies about his work.
他经常谎报工作。
[常见搭配]lie to...位于...(不接壤)
lie on...位于...(接壤)
lie in...位于...(范围内)
lie off...位于...(隔一段距离)
lie to sb.多某人说谎
Eg: Russia lies on the north of China.
俄罗斯位于中国的北方。
Liaoning lies in the north of China.
辽宁位于中国北方。
The island lies off the coast.
岛屿位于海岸外。
He often lies to his parents.
他经常对父母说谎。
[即学即用]
( )Beijing lies______ the northwest of Shanghai.
A.to B.on C.in D.off
A
6.Today,it is leading the move from "Made in China" to "Created in China".
如今，它正引领着从"中国制造"向"中国创造"的转变。
[用法讲解]made在此处为动词make的过去分词，前面通常需加be动词的适当形式。
[常见搭配]be made of...由...制成(能看出原材料)
be made from...由...制成(看不出原材料)
be made in地点在...制作
be made by人由某人制造
be made into...被制成...
be made up of...由...制成
Eg: The chair is made of bamboo.
这把椅子是竹子做的。
The paper is made from wood.
纸是由木材制成的。
The pen is made in China.
这支钢笔是中国制造的。
This cake is made by my mom.
这个蛋糕是我妈妈制作的。
Grapes can be made into wine.
葡萄可以被制成葡萄酒。
The team is made up of ten boys.
这支队伍由十个男孩组成。
[即学即用]
( )1. Our teacher told us that water was made ________oxygen and hydrogen.
A.of B.from C.up ofD. into
2.这辆车是德国制造。
This car_________________Germany.
B
is made in
7.Shenzhen is also active in its drive to become a cultural centre.
深圳也积极致力于成为文化中心。
[用法讲解] drive作名词，译为"冲劲，驱车旅行";drive还可为动词，译为"驾驶，迫使，推动"，其过去式为drove，过去分词为driven.
Eg: She has a drive to succeed.
她有成功的冲动。
I went for a drive in the countryside.
我开车去乡下。
She drives a car to work every day.
我每天开车上班。
The farmer drove the cattle to the field.
农民把牛赶到田野。
The team is driven to complete the project on time.
团队致力于按时完成项目。
[常见搭配] have a drive for...对...有冲劲，有对...的本能需求
drive sb.crazy/mad使某人发疯或抓狂
drive sb. away赶走某人
drive home sth.强调某点
drive out sth.消除或根除某物
take a drive 短途驾驶
Eg: Tom has a strong drive for knowledge, so he always studies hard.
汤姆对知识有强烈的冲劲，所以他总是努力学习。
The constant delays are driving me mad!
不断的延误快把我逼疯了!
High prices drove away potential buyers.
高价吓退了潜在买家。
She drove home the need for teamwork.
她反复强调团队合作的必要性。
Efforts to drive out invasive species continue.
根除外来入侵物种的努力持续进行。
We took a drive to watch the sunset.
我们开车去看日落。
[派生词] driver为名词，译为"司机".
Eg: The bus driver asked them to move along.
公共汽车司机让他们往里走走。
[即学即用]
1.有时金钱可以让人疯狂，甚至毁掉他们。
Sometimes moneycan_______________and even kill them.
2.The________(drive) sits at the front of the bus.
drive people crazy
driver
8.It offers a wealth of cultural facilities with libraries, museums, theatres and art spaces, as well as many excellent cultural and educational activities.它拥有丰富的文化设施，包括图书馆，博物馆，剧院和艺术空间，还有许多精彩的文化和教育活动。
[用法讲解]offer在此处为动词，译为"提供";offer还可为名词，译为"邀请，提议，帮助，优惠，机会"等。
Eg: The company offered him a job with a good salary.
公司给他提供了一个薪水不错的工作。
She received a joboffer from tech company.
她收到了一家科技公司的工作邀请。
Thank you for your kind offer of help.
感谢你的善意帮助。
This products is on a 20% discount offer.
这个产品打八折优惠。
Thecompanyprovidesfreetraining offers to new employees.
公司为新员工提供免费培训机会。
[常见搭配] offer sb. sth.= offer sth.to sb.提供某人某物
make/ put in an offer提出报价
on offer可买到，可使用
Eg: He offered a seat to the elderly lady. = He offered the elderly lady a seat.
他给那位老奶奶让了座。
They made an offer on the house.
他们对这栋房子提出了报价。
Prizes worth more than $20,000 are on offer.
奖品总值超过20,000美元，可供领取。
[易混辨析] offer与provide区别：
offer通常指主动提供某物或某服务，带有一定的积极性和自愿性，与job,help等词搭配；
provide则更常用于提出计划，建议或观点，与 with连用。
Eg: I offered to buy her lunch, but she declined.
我提出请她吃午饭，但她拒绝了。
They will provide us with eggs.
他们为我们提供鸡蛋。
"as well as"译为"除...之外，也，还".
注意：当"as well as"连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式要与前面的主语保持一致；as well as后接动词时需用doing形式。
Eg: The teacher, as well as the students, is interested in this new teaching method.
老师以及学生们都对这种新的教学方法感兴趣。
She bought a book as well as a pen.
她买了一本书以及一支钢笔。
The project will bring economic benefits as well as social benefits.
这个项目不但会带来经济效益，还会带来社会效益。
He likes reading as well as playing football.
他喜欢读书以及踢足球。
[即学即用]
( )1.He______me a job, but I didn't accept.
A.offers B.offered C.provides D.provided
( )2.My sister, as well as her friends,_____ to go shopping on weekends.
A.like B.likes C.liking D. liked
3.她既会做美味的饭菜，又会烤蛋糕。
She can cook delicious meals_________bake cakes.
B
B
as well as
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