资源简介

(共60张PPT)
01. Review
Our school soccer team won at last
Real friends can share joys and sorrows.
The importance of English has been realized.
The tomatoes are tasty.
She won’t listen to anyone.
谓语在主语后，由动词或动词短语充当。谓语有时态、语态、人称和数的变化。谓语动词有以下几种形式：
_____________,___________________,__________________,_________。
动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。
实义动词
情态动词+动词原形
助动词+动词相应形式
系动词
动词短语
实义动词
系动词
情态动词+动词原形
助动词+动词相应形式
谓语动词Predicate
如果句中已经存在一个_______动词，那么在没有_____________的情况下，这个句子就是 ______句，那么,另一个动词要选用______动词。
谓语
连词或引导词
简单
非谓语
非谓语动词
判断下列句子应使用谓语还是非谓语动词
（1）The book __________(write) by San Mao.
（2）I like reading the novels ________ (write) by San Mao
（3）He_____(go) into the classroom, opened his book and wrote on the blackboard.
（4）Although it is winter now, the tree in the school campus ____(look) beautiful.
（5）The girl that lives in the city _____(make) a phone call to the farmer yesterday.
（6）She got off the bus, but _____(leave) her book in the bus.
（7）She got off the bus, ______(hold) her book.
（8）_______(drive) by a burning desire for adventure, Li Ming left home and started to travel around his early twenties
was written
written
went
looks
made
left
holding
Driven
2
1
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Summary
判断非谓语动词的形式：
→ 表目的和将来，用__________________
→ 表主动和进行，用__________________
→ 表被动和完成，用__________________
确定谓语动词 or 非谓语动词 ？
→填非谓语动词：句子中已有 且无 。
逻辑主语
与非谓语
之间
谓语动词
连词或引导词
不定式to do
现在分词doing
过去分词done
→句子中无谓语，就填谓语动词。
⑴用法：
①现在分词作定语表示__ ____和_____ ___。
②vt.的过去分词作定语表示___ _____和___ ___,
vi.的过去分词作定语只表示___ ____。
⑵语态上的区别：现在分词___ ____ ；过去分词 ____ ____
① a （fly) bird（一只飞鸟）
a （fall) leaf （一片落叶）
___________（rise) sun（冉冉升起）
（pollute) water（污水）
③ the （rule）class （统治阶级）
the （rule) class (被统治阶级）
1.现在分词(V-ing)和过去分词(V-ed)作定语
flying
fallen
rising
polluted
ruling
ruled
主动和进行。
被动和完成
完成
主动
被动
1.现在分词(V-ing)和过去分词(V-ed)作定语
⑶时间上的区别：现在分词—正在进行；过去分词—已经完成
① 一片叶子：a （fall) leaf （正在飘落）
a （fall）leaf (已经落下)
②一个国家：a （develop）country（发展中）
a （develop）country(发展过)
③水： （boil）water（正在沸腾）
(boil) water (已经烧开)
falling
fallen
developing
developed
boiling
boiled
There is a nice picture _________(hang) on the wall.
People got water by dropping a bucket _____(tie) to a rope.
hanging
练习：
tied
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
过去分词作表语和状语
一、过去分词作表语
1.过去分词作表语的意义
【观察思考】
The girls were amazed to see such an open country.
女孩们看到这样一个开放的国家感到惊奇。
He seemed quite delighted at the news.
听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。
The door remained unlocked when I went back home.
我回家时门仍然未锁。
【探究总结】
过去分词除了放在be动词后,也可放在remain、 seem、 get、 feel、 look、 become等之后作表语,表示主语所处的 。
状态
【应用实践】
(1)单句语法填空。
①Thousands of holidaymakers remained (stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
②Ladies and gentlemen, please remain (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
(2)根据汉语句意完成英语句子。
①你为什么总是看上去很疲劳
Why do you always
②我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。
I at the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.
stuck
seated
look tired
was disappointed
2.过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别
【观察思考】
The cup is broken.
杯子碎了。(系表结构)
The cup was broken by Tom.
杯子是汤姆打碎的。(被动语态)
【探究总结】
过去分词作表语时,强调主语所处的 ,而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调 。
状态
动作
【应用实践】
翻译句子。
①门是关着的。
②门被他关上了。
The door is closed.
The door was closed by him.
3.感觉类及物动词的动词-ing形式与过去分词作表语的区别
【观察思考】
We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.
我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。
His words were discouraging, and that’s why many people were discouraged.
他的话令人泄气,这就是很多人灰心丧气的原因。
His look was puzzled because the problem was puzzling.
他的表情很困惑,因为这个问题令人困惑不解。
【探究总结】
过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态,常译作“ ”;动词-ing形式多表示事物具有的特性,常译作“ ”。
【名师点津】
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词,其动词-ing形式表示主动意义,即“令人有某种感觉的”,多用来修饰物;其过去分词含有被动意义,即“人被引起某种感觉的”,多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。
感到……的
令人……的
动词 V-ing形容词 V-ed 形容词 名词
worry 担心 worrying worried worry
excite 使兴奋 exciting excited excitement
interest 使感兴趣 interesting interested interest
please 使愉快 pleasing pleased pleasure
satisfy 使满意 satisfying satisfied satisfaction
amuse使快乐/好笑 amusing amused amusement
bore 使厌烦 boring bored boredom
tire 使疲倦 tiring tired tiredness
relax 使轻松 relaxing relaxed relaxation
exhaust使筋疲力尽 exhausting exhausted exhaustion
动词 V-ing形容词 V-ed 形容词 名词
surprise使惊讶 surprising surprised surprise
astonish 使惊讶 astonishing astonished astonishment
shock 使震惊 shocking shocked shock
amaze 使惊异 amazing amazed amazement
terrify 使恐惧 terrifying terrified terror
frighten 使恐惧 frightening frightened fright
threaten 恐吓，威胁 threatening threatened threat
move 使感动 moving moved ———
touch 感动（某人） touching touched ———
动词 V-ing形容词 V-ed 形容词 名词
inspire 鼓舞 inspiring inspired inspiration
encourage 鼓励 encouraging encouraged encouragement
discourage 使气馁 discouraging discouraged discouragement
disappoint使失望 disappointing disappointed disappointment
confuse 使迷惑 confusing confused confuse
puzzle 使困惑 puzzling puzzled puzzle
annoy 使不悦 annoying annoyed annoyance
embarrass 使尴尬 embarrassing embarrassed embarrassment
depress 使沮丧 depressing depressed depression
thrill 使激动，颤抖 thrilling thrilled thrill
exciting 令人激动的 excited 激动的，兴奋的
surprising 令人惊讶的 surprised 惊讶的
encouraging 令人鼓舞的 encouraged 受到鼓舞的
frightening 令人惊恐的 frightened 受惊的
interesting 令人感兴趣的 interested 感兴趣的
moving 令人感动的 moved 感动的
pleasing 令人高兴的 pleased 高兴的
shocking 令人震惊的 shocked 震惊的
tiring 令人劳累的 tired 感到劳累的
worrying 令人担心的 worried 担心的
satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 满意的
puzzling 令人迷惑的 puzzled 迷惑的
分词形容词由情绪动词通过加ed或ing构成
2.现在分词(V-ing)和过去分词(V-ed)作表语
用法：
①现在分词作表语表示主语的特征(令人/使别人感到……)。
②过去分词作表语表示主语的状态或者主观心理感受。“感到/觉得……”
注意：很多作表语的现在分词和过去分词都变成了形容词, 和系动词
(be, seem, remain, feel, look等)连用， 或者用作定语修饰名词
例句：
1. The music is much (please) to the ear.
2. I am very (please) to help you.
pleasing
pleased
3. The story is very _______ (move), and we were deeply _______ (move).
4. Going into the wilderness alone can be __________（frighten）.
5. Do you feel ___________ （frighten) when going into the wilderness alone
His eyes opened wide with a _________(frighten) look.
The young NBA basketball king James is _______(marry)
moving
frightened
frightening
moved
frightened
married
【即学活用】 用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)The __________ look on her face suggested that she was _______
by the ___________ scene. (frighten)
(2)The scene is ________, and I’m very ________ at present. (excite)
(3)What he did is ___________, so I’m ___________ by what he did. (encourage)
(4)The audience were all _______ to tears by the ________ film.(move)
(5)(应用文之推荐信)I do believe you are certainly to be ________ by the _________ scenery of Mount Tai.(amaze)
frightened
frightened
frightening
exciting
excited
encouraging
encouraged
moved
moving
amazed
amazing
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①We were at the result of the experiment, because it was a bit too . (disappoint)
②The news was and they were all at it. (excite)
③We all felt at the news. (encourage)
④The audience were all to tears by the film. (move)
disappointed
disappointing
exciting
excited
encouraged
encouraging
moved
moving
二、过去分词短语作状语
1.过去分词短语作状语的用法
【观察思考】
Seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful.
=When it is seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful.
从山顶上看,这座城镇看起来更加漂亮。
Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.
=Because they were deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.
由于被故事深深地感动,孩子们开始哭了起来。
Given more time, we could do it much better.
=If we were given more time, we could do it much better.
如果多给我们点时间,我们会做得更好。
Defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
=Although he was defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
尽管被对手击败,但是他从没放弃任何希望。
The president of the company came to the factory, followed by some workers.
=The president of the company came to the factory, and he was followed by some workers.
公司总经理在几位工人的陪同下来到工厂。
过去分词作状语
相当于一个状语从句，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果
1.作时间状语（可在分词前加上连词“when, while, until”, 使意义更明确）
Asked whether he could do me a favor, he agreed readily.
→ When he was asked whether he could do me a favor, he agreed readily.
2.作原因状语（相当于原因状语从句或并列句）
Frozen in a panic, I had no idea what to do when I heard a sweet voice behind me.
→Because I was frozen in a panic, I had no idea what to do when I heard a sweet voice behind me.
3.作条件状语（可加连词 if, unless等转换成条件状语从句）
Given the right to deal with their own money, children will have a great opportunity to establish a clear idea of financial management.
→If children are given the right to deal with their own money, they will have a great opportunity to establish a clear idea of financial management.
4.作让步状语（可加 although, though, even if, even though, whether...or 等
连词转换成让步状语从句）
Though exhausted with sweat,we all cheered with great joy.
→Though we were exhausted with sweat, we all cheered with great joy.
5.作方式、伴随状语（相当于and连接的并列句）
There will be lectures on the importance of reading, followed by book reviews presented by students readers.
→There will be lectures on the importance of reading, and they are followed by book reviews presented by students readers.
【探究总结】
过去分词短语作状语,可以表示 、 、 、 、 和结果,相当于一个状语从句或and连接的并列结构。其逻辑主语为主句的主语,且与主句主语构成被动关系。
【应用实践】
(1)单句语法填空。
① (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
②When (ask) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
③ (use) with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
时间
原因
条件
让步
伴随
Founded
asked
Used
(2)同义句转换。
①United, we stand; divided, we fall.
→ , we stand; , we fall.
②Seriously injured, he had to be taken to hospital.
→ , he had to be taken to hospital.
③Though he was wounded, the brave soldier continued to fight.
→ , the brave soldier continued to fight.
④When he was asked about his family, he made no answer.
→ , he made no answer.
⑤The president entered the hall, and he was accompanied by a group of leaders.
→The president entered the hall, .
If we are united
if we are divided
Because he was seriously injured
Wounded
Asked about his family
accompanied by a group of leaders
2.过去分词短语作状语时在句中的位置
【观察思考】
Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home.
得知母亲病了,李雷赶紧回家。
The old man walked into the room, supported by his son.
老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。
【探究总结】
过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时,通常放在 ;作伴随、结果状语时,通常放在 ;作方式状语时,一般放在句末,有时也放在句首;作让步状语时,一般放在句首,有时也放在句末。
句首
句末
【应用实践】
根据汉语句意完成英语句子。
①从飞机上看,长城像一条长长的篱笆竖立在蜿蜒的山顶上。
, the Great Wall looks like a long fence on top of the winding mountains.
②他们走进会议室,妻子们跟随在后。
They came into the meeting room, .
③我继续讲话,尽管不断被乔治打断。
I went on talking, continually George.
Seen from the plane
followed by their wives
though
interrupted by
3.过去分词的独立主格结构作状语
【观察思考】
Extra money given to the poor, he felt very happy.
=Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy.
又给了穷人一些钱后,他感到很高兴。
【探究总结】
过去分词短语作状语时,有时在分词前加上自己的 语,这种带有自身主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。过去分词的独立主格结构通常在句中作 语,可表示时间、原因、条件等。
主
状
过去分词(短语)作状语时，过去分词(短语)的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，否则，分词(短语)前应加上自己的主语。这种带有自身主语的过去分词(短语)被称为过去分词(短语)的独立主格结构。过去分词(短语)的独立主格结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件等。
>The test （finish)，we began our holiday.
>The boy lay on his back，his hands (cross)under his head.
>Much time (spend) sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
>The man lay there, his hands . (tremble)
finished
crossed
spent
trembling
动词 ing形式作状语时，动词 ing形式的动作就是句子主语发出的动作，它们之间是主动关系。动词 ing形式动作与谓语动作同时发生用一般式doing；如果动词 ing形式的动作发生在谓语动作之前，表示已经完成，表示主动就用having done，表示被动就用having been done。
（walk) along the street，I met a friend of mine.
（finish) their work，they went home to have a rest.
_________________(tell) about the risk of electric shocks, she is very careful while using hairdryers.
Walking
Having finished
Having been told
1. __________(give) him the chance, I didn’t feel regretful.
2. ____________(consider) one of the seven world wonders, the Great Wall attract millions of tourists every year.
3. Frankly _________(speak), I do love him.
speaking
given(鉴于)/considering(考虑到)/judging from等可独立引导句子，作用相当于介、连词
Giving
Considered
4. ________ (give) that he has worked for a whole day, he deserves to have a rest.
5. ____________ (consider) the situation, he decided to tell the truth.
Given
Considering
【应用实践】
用独立主格结构作状语改写句子。
①The plan was successfully carried out, and everything worked out perfectly.
→ , everything worked out perfectly.
②The boy was knocked over, and blood streamed down his head.
→ , blood streamed down his head.
③After the task had been completed, we had a trip around the world.
→ , we had a trip around the world.
The plan successfully carried out
The boy knocked over
The task completed
4.过去分词短语与动词-ing短语作状语的区别
【观察思考】
Asked why he was late, he cried.
被问到他为什么迟到时,他哭了。
Looking out of the window, I saw some students playing there.
我朝窗外望去,看见几个学生正在那边玩耍。
【探究总结】
过去分词短语与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的 关系,即表示被动;动词
-ing短语与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的 关系,即表示主动。
动宾
主谓
you will find the city looks like a big garden.
the city looks like a big garden.
the girl was very happy.
they went to bed.
when/how
when/how
when/why
when/why
Seeing from the hill,
Seen from the hill,
Having finished his homework,
区别：过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的______关系,即表示被动;动词-ing与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的_______关系,即表示主动。
动宾
主谓
Encouraged by the teacher,
作用：分词在句中作状语时,修饰谓语动词或整个句子，说明动作发生的 、 ___________________伴随、结果、让步情况等，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。相当于一个状语从句或and连接的并列结构
时间、原因、
分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用-ing,被动用-ed。
having done 表先后，千万要牢记。
3.现在分词(V-ing)和过去分词(V-ed)作状语
条件、方式、
分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语,主语是问题。
前后两动作,共用一主语。
主语找出后,再来判关系。
主动用 -ing,被动用 -ed。
【名师点津】
无论是动词-ing形式还是过去分词,其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致,则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。
If caught, the police will punish the thief. (×)
If caught, the thief will be punished by the police. (√)
If the thief is caught, the police will punish him. (√)
①过去分词作状语，它的逻辑主语要与句子的主语相一致。
If caught, the police will punish the robber.( )
If caught, the robber will be punished by the police.( )
②过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when，if，unless，once，until，as if，though，although等，表示时间、条件、让步、方式等。
When (it is) heated, water can be changed into vapor.
加热时，水可以变成蒸汽。
注意事项
×
√
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
① (find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
②Time, (use) correctly, is money in the bank.
③ (use) the book, I find it useful.
④ (worry) about his son’s safety, he didn’t sleep well.
⑤ (hear) the joke, I couldn’t help laughing.
Finding
used
Using
Worried
Hearing
有些分词或不定式短语作状语, 其形式的选择不受上下文的影响。常见的有:
一般来说
坦白地说
根据……来判断
考虑到……
generally speaking
frankly speaking / to be frank
judging from/by. . .
considering. . . /taking. . . into consideration
Concerning/Regarding
关于，有关
Talking of ...
谈到…
鉴于/由于……
假设, 如果
假使
seeing. . .
Supposing/Suppose...
assuming
given
Providing..../provided(that. . . )
说实话
to tell you the truth/ to be honest
to make matters / things worse
长话短说
to cut a long story short
坦率地说
to be frank
更糟糕的是
03. Practice
1. The girls were to see such an open country.
The farms covered a very large area, which was .
2. Going into the wilderness alone can be .
Do you feel when going into the wilderness alone
3. from the top of the mountain, the scenery was really fascinating.
the scenery from the top of the mountain, I was fascinated by the autumn colours.
4. eastwards, you will pass the Canadian Rockies.
Finally, the company- by its new manager- started to make a profit.
1.Fill in each blank with the correct form of a verb from the box, Find the difference between each pair of sentences, paying attention to the -ed and -ing forms. Then translate the sentences into Chinese
see frighten head amaze
see frighten head amaze
The girls were ___________ to see such an open country.
amazed
修饰
感到惊讶的
姑娘们看到如此广袤的国家甚为惊讶。
这些农场面积之大令人惊讶。
The farm covered a very large area, which was __________.
amazing
修饰
令人惊讶的
表语
see frighten head amaze
2. Going into the wilderness alone can be ___________.
frightening
修饰
独自一人进入荒野令人害怕。
你一个人进入荒野感到害怕吗？
Do you feel ________ when going into the wilderness
alone
frightened
修饰
令人害怕的
表语
感到害怕的
see frighten head amaze
_______ from the top of the mountain, the scenery was really fascinating.
Seen
景色被人从山顶上看到
从山顶往下望，景色令人着迷。
我在山顶看风景，被秋天绚烂的色彩深深吸引。
_______ the scenery from the top of the mountain, I was fascinated by the autumn colours.
Seeing
人从山顶看风景
状语
被动关系
主语
主语
主动关系
________ eastwards, you will pass the Canadian Rockies.
Finally, the company — _______ by its new manager — stared to make a profit.
Heading
see frighten head amaze
Headed
主动关系
被动关系
状语
往东，你会经过加拿大落基山脉。
最终，在新经理的带领下，公司开始盈利。
1 We became____________ when thinking about those beautiful locations in Finland. We expected to experience a lot of__________ things there.
2 We went to bed as soon as we arrived at the hotel because we were so___________ . The eight-hour train ride was quite______________ .
3 I was not__________ with the hotel. lt was not as clean as I had expected. But we had a ________ meal at the hotel's restaurant, so I felt a bit better later on.
4 It was raining hard the next day, so we just stayed in the hotel and watched TV. Sadly, the TV programmes that day were really _________ . As we had nothing else to do, we felt pretty__________.
2.Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box.Then translate the sentences into Chinese, paying attention to the differentmeanings of the -ed and -ing forms.
bore excite tire satisfy
excited
exciting
tired
tiring
satisfied
satisfying
boring
bored
1. We became excited when thinking about those beautiful locations in Finland. We expected to experience a lot of exciting things there.
感到激动的
作表语
令人激动的
作定语
想到芬兰那些美丽的地方我们激动起来。我们期待在那里检验很多令人激动的事情。
2. Wewent to bed as soon as we arrived at the hotel because we were so tired. The eight-hour train ride was quite tiring.
感到疲惫的
作表语
令人疲惫的
作表语
由于疲乏，我们一到宾馆就上床休息了。长达八个小时的火车行程令人疲惫不堪。
3. I was not satisfied with the hotel. It was not as clean as I had expected. But we had a satisfying meal at the hotel's restaurant. so I felt a bit better later on.
感到满意的
作表语
令人满意的
作定语
我对这家宾馆不满意，它的卫生状况没有达到我的预期。不过我们在宾馆餐厅吃的那顿饭令人满意，因此后来我感觉好一些了。
4. It was raining hard the next day so we just stayed in the hotel and watched TV. Sadly, the TV programmes that day were really boring. As we had nothing else to do, we felt pretty bored.
令人厌烦的
作表语
感到厌烦的
作表语
第二天下起了大雨，因此我们只是带在宾馆看电视。不幸的是，当天的电视节目索然无趣。我们无所事事，感觉百无聊赖。
1. Followed by a nurse, the doctor appeared.
The doctor appeared， _______he was followed by a nurse.
2. Though we are beaten, we were not discouraged.
_______ ______ , we were not discouraged
and
Though beaten
句型转换
3. I won’t go to the meeting, even if I am invited.
I won’t go to the meeting, even if ___________.
4. Although the brave soldier was wounded, he continued to fight.
______ ______, the brave soldier continued to fight.
5. After the question was settled, they felt greatly relieved.
_______ _______ ________, they felt greatly relieved.
invited
Although wounded
The question settled
6. __________ (compare) Shanghai with Xi’an, we found Shanghai is larger.
= _________ (compare) with Xi’an, Shanghai is larger.
Comparing
Compared

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