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(共22张PPT)
Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
Discover Useful Structures
By the end of this period, you will be able to…
1.master the usage of the infinitive as subject.
2.use the relevant grammar flexibly and authentically in real situation.
3.understand the difference between the infinitive as subject and V-ing form as the subject.
Learning Objectives
Pay attention to the red italicized infinitives and discuss the meanings and functions of the italicised infinitives.
1. To change bad habits is never easy.
2. It took the surgeon three hours to finish my mother’s lung surgery.
3.To join the People’s Liberation Army, it is required for men to shave off their beards.
4. It was not polite to disturb your neighbors with loud music last night.
主语
主语
主语
主语
Lead-in
Observe
To see is to believe.
To get up early is necessary.
To learn a skill is very important for everyone in society.
Discover 1
1.不定式作主语通常位于______，表示具体的某次动作，谓语动词用______。
句首
单数
Explore grammar
1.To look after these naughty boys _______ (be) really difficult.
2. To save money now _______ (seem) impossible.
① 单一概念的动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
is
seems
3. To learn English well and to master a skill _______ (be) very important for your future.
4. To jog every morning and to do some stretching exercises in the evening _______ (be) good ways to keep fit.
② 两个及以上动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
5.To love and to be loved ______ (be) the greatest happiness one can get.
are
are
is
③ 两个并列的不定式语义基本一致，谓语动词用单数形式。
动词不定式直接做主语
Explore grammar
Observe
________ (怎样) to handle the rubbish is the question.
________ (去哪)to go for dinner has not been decided.
Discover
1.________ 和动词不定式构成不定式短语作主语
2.可用于该结构的疑问词
疑问代词:
疑问副词:
疑问词
who,whom,what,which
How
Where
when,where,how
1.When and where________ (vote) hasn’t been decided.
2.____________（何时装修） the house hasn’t been decided
When to decorate
to vote
Explore grammar
To work out the problem is not easy.
=It’s not easy to work out the problem.
Practice:冬天玩雪很有意思。
It is interesting to play with snow in winter.
Practice:看到船沉入海中是很可怕的
It is terrible to see the ship sinking into the sea.
当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用_____________放在句首,
而将真正的主语—________放到谓语的后面。
it作形式主语
不定式
Explore grammar
It is necessary for you to change your job.
It’s difficult for us to learn English well.
It was silly of you to give up such a good chance!
It’s very kind of you to say so.
若adj. “描述人的品格、特点”, 用of,如 kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever;
若adj.“描述事或行为的特征”, 用for,如easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary,good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising
常用句型1：It is+adj.+for/of sb +to do sth
Summary
Explore grammar
It is necessary ______ young students to learn a foreign language.
It was silly ______ you to give up such a good chance!
It is important _______ us to express our opinions.
It was not polite ______ you to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night.
for
of
of
Show time
for
常见的名词有：pity, shame, pleasure, one’s duty, one’s job, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等
Summary
常用句型2：It is + n. + (for sb.) to do sth.
It is an honour to give a speech on behalf of my school.
It is a pity to miss the chance to see your show.
It is our duty to do that.
Explore grammar
It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening.
It will take us a lot of money to buy that house.
Summary
常用句型3：It takes/took/will take sb. some time/money to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间(钱)
Explore grammar
To look after children is her job today.
她今天的工作是看孩子。
Looking after children is her work.
她的工作是照顾孩子。
Compare the two sentences below and tell the difference in meaning.
Summary不定式作主语和动词-ing形式作主语的区别：
动名词作主语表示_______________ 的行为;不定式作主语表示 _________________________ 动作。
经常性/习惯性/抽象性
具体的、一次性的或将来的
1. ______ (do) morning exercises regularly is good for your health.
2. It feels really good ______ (do) morning exercises today.
Doing
to do
Notice
不定式短语作独立成分
to begin/start with 首先 to sum up 总而言之
to conclude 总而言之 to tell the truth 说实话
to be frank 坦白地说 to be honest 说老实话
to be brief 简言之
一些不定式短语可用作独立成分，通常位于句首，有时位于句中或句末，要用逗号同其他句子成分隔开。
To tell the truth，I don’t like the gifted actress in the movie.
说实话，我不喜欢这部影片中的那个有天赋的女演员。
Notice
（1） 　　　　　 　　　（总而言之），most of the committee members supported the idea but a few were against it.
（2） 　　　　　（简言之），he was happy with the result.
（3）She wrote， 　　　　　（确切地说），ten novels in her lifetime.
（4） 　　　　　　　　（首先），he’s too young for that kind of job.
（5） 　　　　　 （说老实话），I don’t really want to go to the party tonight.
To sum up/To conclude
To be brief
to be exact
To begin/start with
To be honest
Show Time
to do
to do 作主语位于句首，在谓语之前
to do 作主语位于谓语之后，It作形式主语
疑问词+to do 构成不定式短语，作主语
和-ing 作主语的区别
To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting.
It takes sb. time/money to do sth.
It is + adj. + （for/of sb.） to do sth.
It is + n. + (for sb.) to do sth.
to do 表示具体的，将来的，一次性的动作
-ing 表示经常性、习惯性、抽象的动作
与疑问词who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how等连用
Summary
1.It took us about two hours (get) there that day.
2.Whether (hold) a party this weekend hasn’t been known yet.
3.It is foolish you to take a taxi to the town in that situation.
4.It is important for her (prepare) for the examination.
5.It’s our duty (keep) our environment clean and tidy.
6.It is no good for you (wait) here for a long time.
7. (get) there by bike will take us half an hour.
to get
to hold
of
to prepare
to keep
to wait
To get
Practice
1． (lean) out of the window is dangerous.
2． (save) money now seems impossible.
3．It is an offence (drop) litter in the street.
4．It is stupid of you (write) down everything (that) the teacher says.
5．__________(say) is one thing and to do is another.
6．It seemed a pity __________________(waste) so much time.
7. I don’t think__________________________（你问……是不礼貌的） how long the interview will last.
8. 　　　　　　　　　　　（保卫…… 是我们的职责） the country against its enemies.
9. 　　　　　　　　　　　（ …… 花了我半个小时）to wash the clothes.
To lean
To save
to drop
Activity 7 Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words.
to write
To say
to have wasted
it is impolite of you to ask
It’s our duty to defend
It took me half an hour
Practice
10. I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy ________(cook) .
11.It is easy for them __________(care) for.
12.It was so good _______(feel) accepted for what I’m good at.
13.It’s my first time_______(hear) Chinese stories told by an English speaker.
14.Then we will know how important ______ is to have meaning in our life.
15. It is not a simple matter____________(determine) the nature of talent.
16. ___________(learn) to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future.
17. On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take _______(get) there.
to cook
to be cared
to feel
to hear
it
to determine
Learning
to get
Practice
1. important/avoid/passive cigarette smoking.
It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking.
2. will take/nutrition specialist/a balanced diet menu/make /an hour/for you.
It will take a nutrition specialist an hour to make a balanced diet menu for you .
3.useful/turn to/fitness consultant/for advice
It is useful to turn to fitness consultant for advice.
4.illegal /dangerous/take /drugs
It is illegal and dangerous to take drugs.
5.harmful/skip breakfast/often
It is harmful to often skip breakfast.
Exercise on the Book
complete the conversations with the correct forms of the phrases in the box.
1. A: Hello, doctor. I want to lose weight, but I just can 't seem to do it. What can you do to help me
B : Well, first, it's necessary to ______________ what you eat. Cut out all fatty food and sugary drinks, and eat more fruit and vegetables.
2.A: I really need to _____________a way to exercise more. I could use a fitness app, but my phone's full.
B: So delete a few files. I'm sure the app doesn't take up much space.
3 A: Before exercising, always do a few warm-ups to___________________.
B:I know. But then I always feel too tired to continue!
4. A: Should I go for the pizza or the fried chicken I hate _________________ like these. You know what —I'm going to eat both!
B: Wow！l Don't eat too much junk food-you'll get fat. I've actually ________________ to go on a diet, so I'll just stick to the fruit salad.
be in control of
begin with be in control of make a choice decide on make up one’s mind
decide on
begin with
to make choices
made up my mind
Exercise on the Book
Mike drove to a remote border town alone. He didn’t stop the car 1. ________ (take) a break although he was feeling tired. As a result, a traffic accident occurred, which caused him 2. ______ __ (trap) inside the car. Fortunately a girl who happened to pass by volunteered 3. ________ (save) him, only 4. ________ (find) Mike was completely locked in the car.
After calling an ambulance, she managed 5. ________ (give) him first aid, using the method she had learned at school. Soon, Mike was rushed to hospital in an ambulance. It took him three months 6. _______ _ (recover) from his injuries.
The girl named Mary felt pleased 7. _ _______ (do) such a great thing, though she realized the car may have exploded. When interviewed, she said, “I’ve also met with a traffic accident. A kind passer-by saved my life but he was killed. I was the only one 8. _______ _ (survive) the crash. The man was said 9. _ _________________ (work) on the road helping people in need for ten years. I was too moved even to speak when hearing the story. Therefore, I determined 10. ________ (stay) here and give people in need a helping hand.”
to stay
to take
to be trapped
to save
to find
to give
to recover
to have done
to have survived
to have worked
Grammar Filling
THANKS
by Miss Xiang

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