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Words And Expressions Unit 5
人教版必修一词汇讲解
1. billion 十亿 million 百万 billions of / millioms of
这个国家的人口超过十亿。
The population of this country is over one billion.
那个新项目花费了几十亿美元。
The population of this country is over one billion.
。
2. be native to 原产于……
这种花原产于中国。
The flower is native to China.
3. attitude to\towards 对……的态度
你应该对你的生活保持一个积极的态度。
You should keep a positive attitude to \ towards your life.
4. refer to 提到, 描述，指的是，查阅
1.When I said someone is gifted, I referred to you.
2. After the car crash, she never refers to the place again.
3. He was punished for referring to the notebook in the exam.
4. I refer to you as my best friend.
指的是
提到
查阅
refer to sb\sth as 把……称作
refer to ....提到, 描述，指的是，查阅
refer to ........ as 把……称作
动词形式 拼写 备注
原形 refer /r f (r)/
过去式 referred 双写末尾辅音字母 + ed
过去分词 referred 同上，用于完成时 / 被动语态
现在分词 referring 双写末尾辅音字母 + ing
名词形式 reference 含义：参考；提及
5. despite= in spite of 即使，尽管用于引出让步状语，语气强于 though/although
even if \even though后接完整的主谓从句。
China is known for its ancient civilisation________________ the many ups and downs in its history.
despite\in spite of
In spite of the difficulty, we finished the task on time
尽管困难重重，我们还是按时完成了任务。
In spite of missing the bus, he got to school early
虽然没赶上公交车，他还是早早到了学校。
Even if it rains tomorrow, we will still go camping.
Even if he apologizes, I won’t forgive him.
Even if you fail this time, don’t lose heart.
Even though he is tired, he keeps working.
Even though she is rich, she lives a simple life.
Even though the task is hard, we have to finish it on time.
even though（事实让步，强调 “尽管事实如此，结果却相反”，让步的情况是客观存在的）
even if（假设让步，强调 “就算情况成立，结果也不变”，假设的情况往往未发生或未必真实）
Despite the bad weather, the sports meeting was held successfully.
Despite his young age, he knows a lot about history.
Despite the heavy traffic, she arrived at the meeting on time.
despite /in spite of（后接名词、代词或动名词，无假设与事实之分，两者用法完全等价）
选用 even if/even though 或 despite/in spite of 完成句子
____________ she is very busy, she always finds time to read.
____________ the bad traffic, we arrived at the airport on time.
He will not give up ____________ he fails many times.
____________ being very tired, the worker continued to work.
____________ the fact that he is only 10, he can speak three languages fluently.
I will go to the concert ____________ I have to study for the exam.
Although/Though
Despite/In spite of
even though/although
even if/even though
Despite/In spite of
Despite/In spite of
6. base v\n. ---- based adj. (be based on 以……为基础)
-----basic adj. 基础的
In the past, Chinese was a picture-based language.
单句语法填空
①I am writing to inform you of some basic table manners.________(base)on traditional Chinese customs, you should let the elderly eat first.
②_________(base) an important decision more on emotion , you will regret it sooner or later.
③There have been some problems but ____________(basic) it's a good system.
Based
Basing
basically
7. a symbol of ……的象征
8. vary v. 变化，使不同
(1)--- variety n. 多样性
(2)----various adj. 各种各样的
(3)vary from……to…… 从……到……变化
The children ages varies from 5 to 10
(4)a variety of=varieties of=various=all kinds of 各种各样的
1. The price of the fruits varies from 1 yuan ___ 5 yuan.
2.We should learn to deal with ________(vary) emergencies.
3. There are ______variety of factors.
There are ________(variety) of factors.
various
to
a
varieties
9. major （1） adj. 主要的；（2）n. 专业；（3）v.主修
major in 主修……（专业）
10. no matter /what/where/when/which= 疑问词+ever
①.No matter what happens,you should keep calm.
________happens, you should keep calm.
②. Whenever I have to deliver a speech, I'll get extremely anxious.
______________I have to deliver a speech, I'll get extremely anxious.
翻译：No matter where Chinese people live or no matter what dialect they speak, they can still communicate in writing.
Whatever
No matter when
My brother _______ (major in) computer science during his college years and now works as a software engineer.
majored in
11. means n.方式，方法 单复数同形，做主语时由其修饰词来决定谓语动词的单复数。
1.All means have been tried but not a means has worked.
2.Every means _______(have) been tried,but we can't open the door.
3. People travel across China by means of high-speed trains.
by means of 用........方式/方法
has
12.regard n. 尊重，关注，问候 v.把……视为，看待
(1). regard ……as…… 把……看做……
eg. I regard you as my best friend.
(2) view ...... as......
(3) treat ...... as......
(4) recognise......as......
(5) consider .....as.....
People view hard work as the key to success.
We treat all our customers with equal respect.
The world recognises her as a pioneer in this field.
Many experts consider this method highly effective.
13. global adj. 全球的，全世界的 globe n. 世界，地球，地球仪
14. appreciate v. 欣赏，重视，感激，领会
(1) appreciation n.欣赏，感激
(2)appreciate doing sth 喜欢做某事
(3)I would appreciate it if you could do sth 写作必备句式 (如果你能做某事我将不胜感激 )
His appreciation of poetry comes from years of reading.
She appreciates sharing ideas with like-minded people.
I would appreciate it if you could help with the arrangement.
The UN plays an important role in solving ____________ (全球的) problems that affect people all over the ____________ (地球).
global
globe
①I appreciate ______________(give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.
②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，应用文写作) I'd appreciate _____ if you take my suggestions into consideration.
being given
it
③(2021·全国甲卷，书面表达)如果你能告诉我中国的哪些文化最吸引像你这样的外国友人，我将不胜感激。(应用文写作之求助信)
______________________________________________ which Chinese cultures attract foreigners like you most.(appreciate it if...)
④我写信来表达一下我对你的感激之情，感谢我在伦敦逗留期间你为我所做的一切。(应用文写作之感谢信)
______________________________________what you did for me during my stay in London.
I would really appreciate it if you could inform me of
I'm writing to express my appreciation for
15. specific adj. 特定的，明确的，具体的
specifically adv. 特定地，明确地，具体地
The teacher gave us specific instructions on how to complete the writing task.
The course is specifically designed for learners who want to improve their oral English.
16.struggle n. 困难；v.斗争；奋斗
① It is a struggle for sb to do sth 对……来说做某事是一种困难
② struggle for 为了……而奋斗
③ struggle to do sth 努力做某事
It is a struggle for him to finish the research paper in three days.
Many people struggle for a better life in big cities.
She struggled to balance her teaching work and personal study.
17. From one's point of view 在某人看来
18. beg v.恳求，乞求 beg -----begging------begged
beg sb to do sth 恳求某人做某事
beg for sth 乞求某物
beggar n. 乞丐
From my point of view, protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility.
在我看来，保护环境是每个人的责任。
19. equal n. 同等的人/物 adj.相同的，同样的
be euqal to 与……相等、能胜任
equality n. 平等
equally adv. 同等地
1. As a boss, he regards his workers as equals.
2. They struggle for equal rights.
3. I think I am equal to the job.
4. Hard work is important for success. A positive attitude is important.
5. is a major problem in society.
equally
Equality
20 .demand v.要求
(1)demand to do sth.要求做某事
demand that...要求……(从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略)
The farmers demanded that we should be cautious and careful.
(2)meet/satisfy one's demand(s)满足某人的需求
(3)demanding adj.要求高的；费力的
In order to ____________ customers' demands, the company has improved the quality of its products.
meet/satisfy
The job is extremely ____________, so it requires patience and professional skills.
demanding
①(牛津高阶)He demanded he __________(tell)everything.
②(2020·浙江卷)Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanded he the best on the tests.
③Science graduates are _____ greater demand than liberal arts ones in China.
(4)The teacher is known for being strict and ____________
be told
in
should do
demanding
21. relate v
related adj.有关的；有联系的
relation n．关系，联系；亲戚
relationship n．关系；联系
relative adj.比较的；相对的 n．亲戚
relatively adv.相对地；相当地
in relation to(＝concerning) 与… 关于
relate...to...把……和……联系起来
be related to...与……有关于 / 联系
你应该把与这个问题有关的所有信息都写下来。
You should write down all the information _____________ the problem.(relate)
→You should write down all the information _________________ the problem.(relation)
related to
in relation to
The old house dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
Chinese tea culture dates back to/dates from thousands of years ago and drinking tea gradually became a tradition.(传统文化)
中国茶文化可以追溯到几千年前，饮茶逐渐成为一种传统。
22.date back(to...)(＝date from)始于……；追溯到……(后接时间点)
Words And Expressions Unit 5
人教版必修一词汇讲解

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