2026届高考英语二轮复习:2025年新高考I卷D篇说课 课件(共31张PPT)

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2026届高考英语二轮复习:2025年新高考I卷D篇说课 课件(共31张PPT)

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(共31张PPT)
2025年新高考I卷
D篇阅读理解
CONTENTS
目录
命题理论与命题立意
试题拓展及变式练习
试题分析及解题策略
试题变化与教学启示
01
02
03
04
01
命题理论与命题立意
01
理论依据
命题立意
反映核心素养的心智特征
体现核心素养的价值取向
核心素养的基础要素
核心素养发展的关键要素
2017 版新课程标准 英语学科核心素养的四个维度
为什么考
D篇聚焦微塑料污染这一全球性环境问题,特别介绍中国科研人员提出的解决方案,展现中国科学家解决现实问题的务实精神,也传递了生态文明建设的中国方案。其核心价值在于引导学生了解科学研究在解决环境问题中作用,培养科学探究精神和批判思维,并关注环境保护和可持续发展议题。
考什么
D篇围绕微塑料污染这一主题展开,内容涵盖环境科学、化学(如水的硬度与碳酸钙含量)、生物学(微塑料对人体和生态的影响)、工程技术(饮用水处理工艺的改进)等多个领域,通过多学科知识的有机融合,考察整合与应用知识的能力、关键信息定位能力、和推断作者意图的能力。
通过精心选材和情境设计,以说明文之研究报告的文章体裁,概括-具体研究背景/问题提出-研究发现/方法-研究局限性-研究意义/专家评议和展望的篇章结构,设置细节题、推理判断等题型重点考查学生理解文本深层含义、整合有用信息的能力。
怎么考
一核四层四翼在D篇具体体现
02
试题分析及解题策略
D篇语篇分析
语篇类型 说明文
原文出处 本文选自Smithsonian magazine杂志2024年3月1日名为Boiling Tap Water Could Help Remove 80 Percent of Its Microplastics, Study Suggests 的文章。
https://www./smart-news/boiling-tap-water-could-help-remove-80-percent-of-its-microplastics-study-suggests-180983874/
主题语境 人与自然--环境保护(人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系)
语篇内容 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了微塑料污染的普遍性及其对人类健康的潜在威胁,并提出了一种简单且经济的方法——煮沸和过滤自来水——来减少饮用水中的微塑料含量。研究还指出,水的硬度(碳酸钙含量)是影响该方法效果的关键因素。文章强调微塑料污染问题的严峻性,并呼吁进一步升级饮用水处理厂,以应对微塑料污染问题。
语篇立意 展现中国科学家解决现实问题的务实精神,也传递了生态文明建设的中国方案。
语篇长度 317词(易读度38.7)蓝思值1150L-1250L
原文
Step 1:浏览大小标题,了解文章大意
Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans.
Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.
...
Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”
32. How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph
A. By quoting an expert. B. By defining a concept.
C. By giving examples. D. By providing statistics.
Step 2:审题—准确定位(题文同序)做题
解析:细节题。本题属于细节题之写作手法题,旨在通过对段落内容呈现方式的分析来考查学生识别作者阐述观点或介绍情况所使用的具体方法的能力。根据题干关键词”first paragraph“可知第一(微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染源——它们出现在在深海和喜马拉雅山上,被困在火山岩中,填满海鸟的胃,甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现了在人类身体里。)”可推断,作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。故选C。
Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans.
33. What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water
A. The hardness of water. B. The length of cooling time.
C The frequency of filtering. D. The type of plastic in water.
Step 2:审题—准确定位(题文同序)做题
解析:细节题。本题属于细节题之正向查找细节题(因果条件关系),旨在通过对特定过程有效性决定因素的直接描述来考察学生关键信息定位和识别影响因素的能力。根据第二段的至关重要的是,这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来捕获塑料。在这项研究中,将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后,塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样品中,煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量。)”可知,决定在水中捕获微塑料的有效性的事水的硬度。故选A。
Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn’t include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types — polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene — and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride.
34. What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4
A. The importance of plastic recycling. B. The severity of the microplastic problem.
C. The danger in overusing pure water. D. The difficulty in treating polluted water.
Step 2:审题—准确定位(题文同序)做题
解析:本题属于推理判断之理解作者意图题(例证作用),旨在分析特定例子在文中的作用考查学生理解论据与论点关系并推断作者写作意图能力。根据题干关键词illustrate by mention bottled waater ,paragraph4采取定位信息的方法之核心词汇法和上下语境文分析法,定位到“Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure — a task that’s becoming increasingly diffcult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.( 尽管如此,研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径——这一任务正变得越来越困难。今年早些时候,科学家们发现,即使是瓶装水,其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出10到1000倍。)”可推断,作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。故选B。
Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure — a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.
35. What is Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about
A. Choice of new research methods. B. Possible direction for further study.
C. Need to involve more researchers. D. Potential application of the findings.
Step 2:审题—准确定位(题文同序)做题
解析:细节题。本题属于细节题之正向查找细节题(观点态度),旨在通过对特定人物建议的直接引述来考查学生关键信息定位和理解专家具体建议的能力。根据题干关键词,根据第四段的“ 尽管如此,研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径——这一任务正变得越来越困难。今年早些时候,科学家们发现,即使是瓶装水,其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出10到1000倍。)”可推断,作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。故选B。
Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”
03
试题拓展及变式练习
试题拓展
重难点 词汇 microplastic n 微塑料(micro- + plastic); ;stick v 卡住,陷入;
significantly adv 显著地;;cool v(使)冷却;
remove v 除去;crucially adv 关键地,至关重要地;
trap v 收集,吸收;drop n 下降;
additionally adv 除此之外,此外;previously adv 以前,先前;
still adv 虽然如此;exposure n 接触;
originally adv 起初,原来;intake n 吸入量,摄入量(in + take);
demonstrate v 展示;
upgrade v(使)升级(up + grade);
quote v 引用,引述;
hardness n 硬度( hard + -ness);
severity n 严 重( severe + -ity);
overuse v 过度使用(over- + use)
试题拓展
重难点 词块 settle in 在……安顿下来;
volcanic rock 火山岩;
rely on 依靠;
hard water 硬水;
lead to 导致,造成;
bottled water 瓶装水;
raise concerns about / over / for sth 提出对某事 的担忧;
look into 调查,研究;
pure water 纯净水
长难句分析
【原句】
"Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate to trap the plastics." (19词)
【结构解析】
副词开头: "Crucially"(突出重要性)
谓语结构: "relies on"(依赖)
后置定语: "containing enough calcium carbonate"(修饰water)
目的状语: "to trap the plastics"(说明碳酸钙的作用)
语义重点: 煮沸法有效性取决于水中碳酸钙含量。
翻译: 这一过程的关键在于,水中必须含有足量碳酸钙,方能固定塑料微粒。
试题变式
试题变式
04
试题变化与教学启示
一、命题选材:从多元主题到全球议题与本土实践结合。
1.主题升级:
强化全球性议题(如气候变化、微塑料污染)与中国实践结合,突出“人类命运共同体” 意识。
D 篇《中国科研团队应对微塑料污染》展示中国科学家的创新方案,传递生态文明建设的中国智慧。
试题变化
二、文章体裁:从单一说明到多体裁融合与实用文本渗透。
1. 体裁拓展:
跨文体写作:D 篇《微塑料污染治理方案》融合科研报告与新闻评论,需区分客观数据与主观建议。
2. 结构创新:
部分文章采用“问题—方案—影响”的动态结构,如阅读D篇通过“中国方案”展示全球问题的解决路径。
试题变化
三、题型及选项设置:从细节为主到思维品质与批判性考查。
1.题型升级:
主旨归纳题:D篇要求概括“中国方案”的核心价值,需提炼“ecological civilization”“practical solutions” 等关键词。
四、高难词汇:从学术术语到跨学科专业词汇。
词汇突破:环保词汇:如microplastic pollution(微塑料污染)
试题变化
1.拓宽阅读视野,关注全球议题与中国实践结合。
1. 精读外刊:
每周阅读《国家地理》或《科学美国人》的环保科技文章,积累renewable energy, carbon emissions 等高频词。
2. 关注中国方案:
阅读 CGTN 英文报道,了解中国在气候变化、科技发展中的实践。如全国一卷阅读 D 篇介绍中国科研团队用煮沸法减少微塑料摄入,这类文章需掌握 ecological civilization, practical solutions等核心表达。
教学启示
二、强化混合体裁训练,掌握图表与文本结合的解题技巧。
1.跨文体阅读:
阅读“说明文 + 评论”类文章,区分客观数据与主观观点。全国一卷阅读 D 篇中,科学家提出的煮沸法是客观研究结果,而专家建议升级水处理厂则是主观建议,需在答题时准确识别。
三、针对性训练题型,提升批判性思维与逻辑推理能力。
推理题逻辑链:
对复杂文本进行 “问题 — 分析 — 方案” 的思维导图梳理。如全国一卷阅读 D 篇,先明确微塑料污染问题,再分析煮沸法的原理,最后总结中国方案的价值,通过逻辑链条提炼主旨。
教学启示
四、建立主题词库,结合语境记忆高难词汇。
2025 年试题的高难词汇更偏向跨学科专业术语,D 篇的microplastic pollution, carbon emissions。
1. 分类整理词汇
按“环保”“科技”“文化”主题建立词库,标注真题中的搭配。例如,在“交通排放”主题下,整理reduce emissions, fuel efficiency, electric vehicles等短语。
2. 语境化学习
通过阅读外刊文章记忆词汇,避免孤立背诵。例如,在“微塑料污染”主题下,结合《科学美国人》的报道,理解intake, contaminant 等词在研究中的具体用法。
五、提升长难句分析能力,应对推理判断题。1. 拆解结构,化繁为简:
面对长难句,首要任务是找准句子主干,即主谓宾或主系表结构。先明晰主干,能让你迅速把握句子的核心要义,随后再剖析修饰成分,理解整个句子就轻松多了。以 2025 全国一卷阅读 D 篇中
The research, which involved analyzing samples from various water sources around the world, revealed that the presence of microplastics is more widespread than previously thought.
这句话“The research”是主语,revealed是谓语,“that the presence of microplastics is more widespread than previously thought” 是宾语从句,此为句子主干。“which involved analyzing samples from various water sources around the world” 则是定语从句,用于修饰 “The research” 。
六、加强词汇的积累的深度和高度,尤其是合成词。
1.积累常见合成词,掌握构词规律:
高考英语中频繁出现合成词,2025全国一卷中同样存在诸多合成词,例如阅读 D 篇里涉及微塑料污染内容时出现的microplastic(微塑料),由 micro -(微小的)和plastic(塑料)构成 。日常学习时,把碰到的合成词依据一定规律进行整理,比如按照名词 + 名词(如 “sunshine” 阳光,“sun” 太阳 + “shine” 照耀)、形容词 + 名词(如 “blackboard” 黑板,“black” 黑色的 + “board” 板)、副词 + 动词(如 “uphill” 上坡,“up” 向上 + “hill” 山)等类型加以分类。通过大量积累,熟悉常见构词部分的含义,往后遇到新的合成词,便能依据构词规律大致猜出其意思。
六、加强词汇的积累的深度和高度,尤其是合成词。
2.结合语境,推断词义:
3. 拓展词汇量,增加合成词储备:除了掌握课本词汇,还应广泛阅读课外英语文章,诸如英文报纸、简易英文小说等。在阅读进程中,会接触到更多课本之外的合成词。比如阅读关于科技的文章时,可能会碰到self - driving(自动驾驶的)、cloud - computing(云计算)等合成词;阅读环保类文章,或许会遇到eco - friendly(环保的) 。持续拓展阅读面,就能接触到更为丰富多样的合成词,扩充词汇储备量。而且在不同文章中反复遇见具有相同构词部分的合成词,对构词规律的理解会愈发深刻,记忆也会更加牢固,面对高考阅读中可能出现的各类合成词,也会更有应对的把握。
4. 制作词汇卡片,强化记忆:
感 谢!

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