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科普版英语七年级下册 Unit 8 Our Blue Planet 单元词汇梳理
本单元主题为“我们的蓝色星球”，重点围绕水资源、地理特征（如海洋、河流）、数字表达（百万、十亿）以及环境保护（节约用水、减少垃圾）展开。掌握这些词汇有助于谈论地理知识和环保话题。
一、 单词详解 (Words in Each Unit)
（一） Preparing for the Topic
planet / pl n t/ n. 行星
The earth is a blue planet.
地球是一颗蓝色的行星。
ocean / n/ n. 大海，海洋
The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world.
太平洋是世界上最大的海洋。
【拓展】四大洋：Pacific Ocean (太平洋), Atlantic Ocean (大西洋), Indian Ocean (印度洋), Arctic Ocean (北冰洋)。
metre / mi t (r)/ n. 米 (美式写法 meter)
The river is about 100 metres wide.
这条河大约100米宽。
kilometre /k l m t (r)/ n. 千米；公里 (美式写法 kilometer)
It's about two kilometres from here to the school.
从这里到学校大约两公里。
【缩写】km
through /θru / prep. 穿过；贯穿
The river runs through the city.
这条河流经这座城市。
【易错点】distinguish "through" (穿过内部，如穿过森林、隧道) and "across" (穿过表面，如过马路、过桥)。
eastern / i st n/ adj. 东方的；东部的
Shanghai is in the eastern part of China.
上海位于中国的东部。
【词根】east (东) + -ern (形容词后缀)。
freshwater / fre w t (r)/ adj. 淡水的
Lake Baikal is a freshwater lake.
贝加尔湖是一个淡水湖。
million / m lj n/ num. 一百万
There are millions of stars in the sky.
天空中以数百万计的星星。
【规则变化】具体数字+million (不加s)，如 two million (两百万)；模糊数字+millions of (加s)，意为“数以百万计的”。
inland / nl nd/ adj. 内陆的 adv. 向内陆
The Caspian Sea is the largest inland sea.
里海是最大的内陆海。
north-east / n θ i st/ n. 东北；东北地区
He comes from the north-east of China.
他来自中国东北。
large /lɑ d / adj. 大的，大量的
China is a large country.
中国是一个大国。
deep /di p/ adj. 深的
The water is very deep here.
这里的水很深。
wide /wa d/ adj. 宽的；宽阔的
The road is wide enough for two cars.
这条路宽得足以容纳两辆车。
everywhere / evriwe (r)/ adv. 到处
Water is everywhere.
水无处不在。
【近义词】here and there
ground /ɡra nd/ n. 地，地面
Snow covered the ground.
雪覆盖了地面。
【搭配】under the ground (在地下)
into / nt / prep. 到……里面，进入
Water goes up into the sky.
水上升进入空中。
form /f m/ v. （使）形成 n. 形式
Clouds form when water cools down.
当水冷却时会形成云。
cloud /kla d/ n. 云；云彩
There are many white clouds in the sky.
天空中有很多白云。
ice /a s/ n. 冰
Water turns into ice in winter.
水在冬天变成冰。
drop /dr p/ n. 滴，水珠 v. （使）掉落
Every drop of water is important.
每一滴水都很重要。
【搭配】a drop of (一滴)
full /f l/ adj. 充满的；完全的
The bottle is full of milk.
瓶子里装满了牛奶。
【搭配】be full of = be filled with (充满)
（二） Exploring the Topic
useful / ju sfl/ adj. 有用的
Computers are very useful.
电脑很有用。
【词根】use (用) + -ful (形容词后缀)。
wash /w / v. 洗
I wash my face every morning.
我每天早上洗脸。
【搭配】do washing (洗衣服)
outside / a t sa d/ prep. 在……外面 adv. 在外面
It is cold outside.
外面很冷。
【反义词】inside
cycle / sa kl/ n. 循环
We learned about the water cycle.
我们学习了水循环。
quick /kw k/ adj. 快的；迅速的
Take a quick shower to save water.
洗个快速澡以节约用水。
shower / a (r)/ n. 淋浴 v. 淋浴
He takes a shower in the evening.
他晚上洗淋浴。
off / f/ adv. （表示除去）；离开；关掉
Please turn off the light.
请关灯。
tap /t p/ n. 水龙头
Don't forget to turn off the tap.
别忘了关水龙头。
while /wa l/ conj. 当……的时候
Don't keep the water running while brushing your teeth.
刷牙时不要让水一直流。
brush /br / v. 刷 n. 刷子
You should brush your teeth twice a day.
你应该每天刷两次牙。
tooth /tu θ/ n. 牙；齿
I have a toothache.
我牙疼。
【不规则复数】teeth
reuse / ri ju z/ v. 再次使用；重复使用
We can reuse the water to water flowers.
我们可以重用这些水来浇花。
【构词】re- (再，又) + use (使用)
matter / m t (r)/ n. 事情 v. 要紧
It doesn't matter.
没关系。
【搭配】as a matter of fact (事实上)
fact /f kt/ n. 事实；真相
In fact, water is valuable.
事实上，水很宝贵。
valuable / v lju bl/ adj. 宝贵的
Time is valuable.
时间是宝贵的。
enough / n f/ adj. 足够的 adv. 足够地
We don't have enough water.
我们没有足够的水。
【注意】作形容词修饰名词时放在名词前 (enough money)；作副词修饰形容词/副词时放在后面 (old enough)。
once /w ns/ adv. 一次；曾经
They take a shower once a week.
他们一周洗一次澡。
must /m st/ modal v. 必须
We must save water.
我们必须节约用水。
collect /k lekt/ v. 收集；采集
You can collect rainwater.
你可以收集雨水。
dig /d ɡ/ v. 掘（地）；挖（土）
They dig wells to get water.
他们挖井取水。
【不规则变化】dug, dug; 现在分词 digging
worry / w ri/ v. 担心；发愁
Don't worry about me.
别担心我。
【搭配】worry about (担心)
story / st ri/ n. 故事
Grandma told me a story.
奶奶给我讲了一个故事。
cover / k v (r)/ v. 覆盖 n. 封面
Ice covers the land.
冰覆盖着陆地。
【搭配】be covered with (被……覆盖)
coastline / k stla n/ n. 海岸线
China has a long coastline.
中国有很长的海岸线。
than / n/ prep. & conj. 比
The ocean is larger than the lake.
海洋比湖泊大。
thousand / θa znd/ num. 一千
There are two thousand students in our school.
我们学校有两千名学生。
【规则变化】具体数字前不加s (two thousand)；模糊数字 thousands of (成千上万的)。
eighty / e ti/ num. 八十
sixty / s ksti/ num. 六十
billion / b lj n/ num. 十亿
The population is over one billion.
人口超过了十亿。
per cent /p sent/ n. 百分之…… (percent)
98 per cent of the land is covered by ice.
98%的陆地被冰覆盖。
land /l nd/ n. 陆地；土地
They saw land after a long trip.
长途旅行后他们看到了陆地。
knock /n k/ v. 敲；击 n. 敲击声
Someone is knocking at the door.
有人在敲门。
【搭配】knock at/on (敲)
door /d (r)/ n. 门
Please close the door.
请关门。
oh / / excl. 哦；啊
step /step/ n. 迈步；步骤
Watch your step!
当心脚下！
litter / l t (r)/ v. 乱扔 n. 垃圾
Don't litter in the park.
不要在公园里乱扔垃圾。
（三） Developing the Topic
suggestion /s d est n/ n. 建议
Can you give me some suggestions
你能给我一些建议吗？
【动词】suggest
search /s t / v. & n. 搜索；搜查
I searched for information online.
我在网上搜索了信息。
【搭配】search for (寻找)
information / nf me n/ n. 信息
The internet has a lot of information.
互联网有很多信息。
【注意】不可数名词。一条信息：a piece of information。
introduce / ntr dju s/ v. 介绍
Let me introduce myself.
让我自我介绍一下。
machine /m i n/ n. 机器
The washing machine is broken.
洗衣机坏了。
dirty / d ti/ adj. 脏的
Your hands are dirty. Wash them.
你的手脏了。洗洗手。
【反义词】clean (干净的)
bath /bɑ θ/ n. 洗澡；浴盆
Take a shower, not a bath.
淋浴，不要泡澡（为了节水）。
throw /θr / v. 投；扔
Don't throw stones at the dog.
不要朝狗扔石头。
【搭配】throw away (扔掉)；过去式 threw
away / we / adv. 离开；在（某距离）处
Put your books away.
把你的书收起来。
still /st l/ adv. 仍然 adj. 静止的
There is still water in the bottle.
瓶子里还有水。
（四） Wrapping Up the Topic
provide /pr va d/ v. 提供
Sheep provide us with wool.
羊为我们提供羊毛。
【搭配】provide sth. for sb. / provide sb. with sth.
protect /pr tekt/ v. 保护
We should protect the environment.
我们应该保护环境。
soil /s l/ n. 土壤
Plants grow well in rich soil.
植物在肥沃的土壤里长得好。
human / hju m n/ n. 人 adj. 人的
Water makes up 60% of the human body.
水占人体的60%。
body / b di/ n. 身体
Exercise is good for your body.
锻炼对你的身体有益。
plastic / pl st k/ n. 塑料 adj. 塑料的
Don't use too many plastic bags.
不要使用太多的塑料袋。
rubbish / r b / n. 垃圾
Pick up the rubbish.
捡起垃圾。
bin /b n/ n. 垃圾箱
Put the waste in the rubbish bin.
把废弃物放进垃圾箱。
shock / k/ n. 震惊 v. 使震惊
The news gave him a great shock.
这个消息让他大吃一惊。
later / le t (r)/ adv. 后来；以后
See you later.
回头见。
develop /d vel p/ v. 发展；养成
We should develop the habit of saving water.
我们应该养成节约用水的习惯。
habit / h b t/ n. 习惯
Reading is a good habit.
阅读是个好习惯。
count /ka nt/ v. 数数；重要
Every drop counts.
每一滴（水）都很重要。
daily / de li/ adj. 日常的；每日的
Water is important in our daily life.
水在我们的日常生活中很重要。
二、 单词练习 (Exercises)
（一） 单项选择
1. There are __________ stars in the sky.
A. million of B. millions of C. two millions D. millions
2. The Changjiang River runs __________ China from west to east.
A. across B. through C. over D. into
3. Farmers __________ us with food.
A. provide B. give C. offer D. protect
4. Please __________ the tap when you are brushing your teeth.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down
5. Water is very __________ to human beings. We can't live without it.
A. valuable B. cheap C. dirty D. heavy
（二） 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Babies have no __________. (tooth)
2. Can you give me some __________ on how to learn English (suggestion)
3. They __________ a deep well yesterday to get water. (dig)
4. We should __________ the water to wash the floor. (reuse)
（三） 短文填空
Water is very important to us. It is everywhere. It is in the 1.__________ (海洋), rivers and lakes. But we can't drink sea water because it is salty. We need 2.__________ (淡水). However, there is not 3.__________ (足够的) fresh water on the earth. We use water to 4.__________ (洗) clothes and cook food. Every day we use a lot of water. So we must 5.__________ (节约) water. For example, we shouldn't keep the 6.__________ (水龙头) running while brushing teeth. We can take a quick 7.__________ (淋浴) instead of a bath. Remember that every 8.__________ (滴) of water counts. Let's protect our blue 9.__________ (行星) together.
参考答案
（一） 单项选择
1. B (millions of 数以百万计的)
2. B (through 穿过内部/空间)
3. A (provide sb with sth / provide sth for sb)
4. B (turn off 关掉)
5. A (valuable 宝贵的/重要的)
（二） 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. teeth (复数)
2. suggestions (可数名词复数)
3. dug (过去式)
4. reuse (动词原形，情态动词后)
（三） 短文填空
1. oceans
2. freshwater
3. enough
4. wash
5. save
6. tap
7. shower
8. drop
9. planet

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