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Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 单元词汇梳理
本单元的主题是“规则与秩序”，重点探讨学校、家庭及公共场所的规章制度。我们将学习如何使用祈使句和情态动词（can, must, have to）来表达允许、禁止和义务。
一、 核心单词与短语详解
（一） 规则与行为类
rule /ru l/ n. 规则；规章
【搭配】follow the rules 遵守规则；break the rules 违反规则。
We must follow the school rules.
我们必须遵守校规。
order / d (r)/ n. 秩序；命令 v. 点菜；命令
【注意】本单元标题 "No rules, no order" 意为“没有规矩，不成方圆”。
We need to keep the room in order.
我们需要保持房间整洁有序。
follow / f l / v. 遵循；跟随
Please follow me.
请跟我来。
late for 迟到
【搭配】be late for... 做某事迟到。
Don't be late for class.
上课不要迟到。
arrive / ra v/ v. 到达
【易错点】arrive in + 大地点 (城市/国家); arrive at + 小地点 (车站/学校); get to + 地点; reach + 地点 (及物动词)。
I usually arrive at school at 7:30.
我通常7:30到校。
on time 准时
【拓展】in time 及时。
The train arrived on time.
火车准时到达了。
polite /p la t/ adj. 有礼貌的
【搭配】be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌。
【拓展】反义词：impolite / rude (粗鲁的)。
It is polite to say "thank you".
说“谢谢”是有礼貌的。
respect /r spekt/ n. & v. 尊敬；尊重
We should treat everyone with respect.
我们应该带着尊重去对待每一个人。
have to 不得不；必须
【易错点】强调客观需要，有人称和时态变化（三单 has to，过去式 had to）。must 强调主观意愿。
It's raining, so I have to take an umbrella.
下雨了，所以我不得不带把伞。
（二） 学校与生活类
hallway / h lwe / n. 走廊；过道
Don't run in the hallways.
不要在走廊里奔跑。
uniform / ju n f m/ n. 校服；制服
【搭配】wear a school uniform 穿校服。
Students must wear uniforms on Mondays.
学生们周一必须穿校服。
litter / l t (r)/ v. 乱扔 n. 垃圾
【注意】作动词时常用于祈使句 "No littering!" 或 "Don't litter."
Please pick up the litter on the ground.
请捡起地上的垃圾。
turn off 关掉（电器、水龙头等）
【拓展】turn on (打开)；turn up (调大)；turn down (调小/拒绝)。
Remember to turn off the lights when you leave.
离开时记得关灯。
queue /kju / n. 队；行列 v. 排队
【拓展】jump the queue 插队。
We should wait in a queue.
我们应该排队等候。
leave /li v/ v. 离开；留下
【易错点】过去式 left。leave for 出发去某地。把某物落在某地用 "leave sth + 地点"。
Don't leave your dirty dishes in the kitchen.
别把脏盘子留在厨房里。
absent / bs nt/ adj. 缺席的；不在的
【搭配】be absent from 缺席……。
He was absent from school yesterday because he was ill.
他昨天因为生病缺席了学校。
make one's bed 整理床铺
I have to make my bed every morning.
我每天早上必须整理床铺。
practise / pr kt s/ v. 练习；训练
【易错点】后接动词的-ing形式：practise doing sth.
【注意】美式拼写常用 practice (作动词和名词)，英式中 practice 是名词，practise 是动词。
She practises playing the piano every day.
她每天练习弹钢琴。
hang out 闲逛；常去某处
I like to hang out with my friends on weekends.
周末我喜欢和朋友们一起闲逛。
（三） 其他常用词汇
lend /lend/ v. 借给；借出
【易错点】lend sb. sth. / lend sth. to sb. (借出，主语拥有) vs borrow sth. from sb. (借入)。
Can you lend me your pen
你能借给我你的钢笔吗？
either / a (r)/ adv. 也（用于否定句）
【易错点】too / also 用于肯定句；either 用于否定句句末。
He doesn't like apples, and I don't like them either.
他不喜欢苹果，我也不喜欢。
awful / fl/ adj. 糟糕的；讨厌的
【拓展】近义词：terrible。
The weather today is awful.
今天的天气糟透了。
relax /r l ks/ v. 放松；休息
【拓展】形容词：relaxed (感到放松的，修饰人)；relaxing (令人放松的，修饰物)。
Listening to music can help you relax.
听音乐可以帮你放松。
advice / d va s/ n. 建议；意见
【易错点】不可数名词。一条建议：a piece of advice；一些建议：some advice。动词形式为 advise。
Can you give me some advice on how to learn English
关于如何学英语，你能给我一些建议吗？
二、 单元单词练习
（一）单项选择
1. —Can I wear my favorite hat to school
—No, you can't. You ________ wear the school uniform.
A. can B. may C. must D. have
2. Don't be late ________ class. We must arrive ________ time.
A. for; in B. for; on C. to; on D. to; in
3. It is polite to ________ your seat to old people on the bus.
A. take B. bring C. offer D. carry
4. My brother practices ________ the guitar every evening.
A. play B. playing C. plays D. to play
5. —I don't like watching TV.
—I don't like it, ________.
A. too B. also C. either D. neither
（二）用所给词的适当形式填空
1. There are too many ________ (rule) in my house.
2. It's important to keep the library ________ (quiet).
3. Don't forget ________ (make) your bed after you get up.
4. He left the room without ________ (say) anything.
（三）短文填空（根据首字母或语境填空）
Dear Dr. Know,
I'm not happy. I have too many rules in my life. At school, I have to wear the school (1) u________ every day. I can't be (2) l________ for class. In class, I have to be quiet and listen to the teacher carefully. I can't eat (3) s________ in the classroom. At home, I have to (4) f________ the rules, too. I have to (5) f________ my homework first before I can watch TV. I can't go out on school nights. I have to help my mom (6) m________ breakfast on weekends. I also have to (7) p________ the piano for an hour every day. I really want to (8) r________ on weekends, but I have so many things to do. Can you give me some (9) a________
Yours,
Liu Wei
参考答案
（一）单项选择： 1. C (must表示必须) 2. B (late for, on time) 3. C (offer/give seat to sb., 虽课本重点词是lend，但语境offer更佳，若考察lend需有借还之意，此处结合polite考查礼貌行为) *注：根据本单元词汇，若考查lend需语境为借东西。此处选C更符合常识，若必须选本单元词汇可能设题为 Can you ___ me your pen 选lend。此题维持C考察综合能力，或理解为treat sb well。* 4. B (practice doing) 5. C (否定句末用either)
（二）用所给词的适当形式填空： 1. rules 2. quiet (keep + adj.) 3. to make (forget to do 别忘了去做) 4. saying (介词后用doing)
（三）短文填空： 1. uniform 2. late 3. snacks 4. follow 5. finish 6. make 7. practise/practice 8. relax 9. advice

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