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专题四 语法填空
近三年新课标全国卷全方位分析表
试卷 类别 试卷 年份 语篇 类型 主题内容 考　点 有提示词 无提示词
新课标Ⅰ卷 2025 说明文 上海久事美术馆以围棋为灵感的艺术展 谓语动词(2)、动词不定式(1)、词性转换(3)(动词转名词、名词转形容词、形容词转副词)、定语从句中的关系代词(1) 定冠词(1)、并列连词(1)、介词(1)
试卷 类别 试卷 年份 语篇 类型 主题内容 考　点 有提示词 无提示词
新课标Ⅰ卷 2024 说明文 英国“丝路花园” 建筑设计 谓语动词(1)、非谓语动词(2)、名词(3)、形容词(1) 介词(1)、冠词(1)、定语从句引导词(1)
2023 说明文 中国小笼包文化 形容词(2)、不定式(2)、代词(1)、 副词(1)、现在分词(1) 连词(1)、介词(1)、冠词(1)
试卷 类别 试卷 年份 语篇类型 主题内容 考　点 有提示词 无提示词
新课标Ⅱ卷 2025 记叙文 中国浙江生活的美国人 定语从句(1)、名词复数(1)、时态和主谓一致(1)、被动语态(1)、过去分词(1)、不定式(1)、现在分词(1) 介词(1)、并列连词(1)、名词(1)
2024 说明文 汤显祖和莎士比亚互鉴 谓语动词(2)、非谓语动词(3)、名词(2) 介词(1)、代词(1)、连词(1)
试卷 类别 试卷 年份 语篇类型 主题内容 考　点 有提示词 无提示词
新课标Ⅱ卷 2023 记叙文 柏林动物园英语教学 名词(2)、形容词(2)、时态(1)、名词复数(1) 介词(1)、冠词(1)、连词(1)、表语从句引导词(1)
　　语法填空题共 10 小题,每小题 1.5 分。设题方式分为有提示词填空和无提示词填空两种。有提示词填空约有 6~7 处,要求用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空;无提示词填空通常占 3~4 空,要求考生根据文意、上下文连贯性和行文逻辑,填入一个恰当的词。近年高考,语法填空题的整体难度呈现出略有上升的趋势。一方面,文章的长难句增多,句式更加复杂,对考生的句子分析能力要求提高;另一方面,单纯考查语法规则的题目减少,更多地需要考生结合上下文语境和逻辑关系来判断和填空,对考生的语法知识运用和综合理解能力要求更高。
题型一
有提示词
1.提示词是动词
在高考英语语法填空中,提示词为动词的情况是高频考点,主要考查谓语动词和非谓语动词两大类(偶尔涉及动词派生词)。解题的核心在于一个关键决策:判断这个动词在句中是作谓语还是非谓语。
(1)作谓语动词时的情况
例1　考查时态
The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 　　　　(start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
【技法运用】
空格所在从句(when 引导)无谓语动词,需填入谓语。时间状语 “2005” 是过去时间,主语the government与start是主动关系,故填started。
例2　考查时态+被动语态
The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It 　　　　(build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored.
【技法运用】
空格处无谓语,主语It(指代城墙)与build是被动关系(城墙被建造);时间状语the Tang dynasty是过去时间,故填was built。
例3　考查时态+主谓一致
What I love most about reading novels is that it 　　　　(give) me a chance to understand lives that are different from my own.
【技法运用】
空格处无谓语,主语it(指代 “reading novels”)是单数,全文时态为一般现在时,故填gives。
　　 陷阱 1:主语与谓语被分隔,误判主谓一致。
陷阱 2:忽略“隐性时间线索”,时态判断错误。
陷阱 3:被动语态的 “be 动词” 遗漏或时态错误。
(2025·广东广州模考)
China is promoting the commercial 1.　　　　　　 (apply) of intelligent connected vehicles. As of now, the country 2._______________　　　　　　(establish) 7 pilot areas for the Internet of Vehicles and 17 national level intelligent connected vehicle test and demonstration bases. Bloomberg predicted in April 3.　　　　　　 Elon Musk would like to test its fully automated driving technology in China, because China’s artificial intelligence driven autonomous vehicle market “shows great prospects”.
application　
has established　
that　
【解析】
1.考查名词。apply 的名词为 application,作 promoting 的宾语,不可数。故填 application。
2.考查时态与主谓一致。时间状语为As of now,用现在完成时;主语 the country 为单数,助动词用 has。故填 has established。
3.考查宾语从句。从句成分完整,用 that 引导 predict 的宾语从句。故填 that。
According to the forecast 4.　　　　　　 (release) by the China Institute of Information and Communication Technology during the WIC period, accelerating the large-scale application of Level 4 autonomous driving, with Level 6 being the highest, 5.　　　　　　 (be) of great significance in leading the development of the automotive industry and establishing new national competitive advantages. 6.　　　　　　, there are still many challenges to overcome for autonomous driving.
released　
is　
However　
4.考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语 the forecast 与 release 为被动关系,用过去分词。故填 released。
5.考查时态与主谓一致。描述现在情况用一般现在时;动名词作主语时,谓语用单数。故填 is。
6.考查副词。前后句为转折关系,用 however位于句首,首字母大写。故填 However。
The report urges 7.　　　　　　(provide) safety guarantees for autonomous driving and integrating it 8.　　　　　　 the transportation system; It added that the use of unmanned driving should be expanded and a commercial closed-loop for research, testing, and operation should be established. In addition, 9.　　　　　　 advocates for innovative policies and regulations to ensure legal protection for autonomous driving and establish 10.　　　　　　 inclusive and positive social environment to accelerate the commercial operation of autonomous driving services.
【语篇概述】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国在自动驾驶汽车方面的成就,并且政府在完善相关政策。
providing　
into　
it　
an
7.考查动名词。urge doing sth. 为固定用法。故填 providing。
8.考查介词。integrate sth. into sth. 为固定搭配。故填 into。
9.考查代词。指代前文的 report(单数),用 it 作主语。故填 it。
10.考查冠词。修饰可数名词 environment 表泛指,inclusive 以元音音素开头,用 an。故填 an。
(2)作非谓语动词时的情况
当句子中已有谓语动词(且空格处不是并列谓语),空格需填非谓语动词(doing, done, to do),需根据 “空格在句中的成分” 和 “主动 / 被动关系” 判断。
例1　考查 to do(表目的/将来)
You don’t have to run fast or for long 　　　　(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of dying early by running.
【技法运用】
句子已有谓语don’t have to run,空格处表“跑步的目的(为了看到好处)”,故填to see。
例2　考查 doing(表主动/伴随)
(2025·广东广州三模)The Taklimakan Desert, infamous as the “Sea of Death”, has now been fully encircled by the longest sand-blocking green ecological barrier, whose length reaches an impressive 3,046 kilometers, 　　　　(mark) the completion of over 40 years of efforts to contain the desert expansion within a safety zone.
【技法运用】
分析句子成分可知,谓语是has been encircled,此处考查非谓语,mark与前面的句子是主动关系,应该用现在分词形式作状语,故填marking。
例3　考查 done(表被动/完成)
(2024·广东汕头模拟)Modern aesthetics (审美), 　　　　(combine) with scientific and technological means, make nut carving works more up-to-date and push the craft to a new height.
【技法运用】
分析句子成分可知,此处需要使用非谓语作状语,combine与主语modern aesthetics是被动关系,因此需要使用非谓语动词的过去分词形式,故填combined。
　　陷阱 1:混淆 “doing” 与 “done” 的主动被动关系。
陷阱 2:固定搭配的非谓语记错。
陷阱 3:误认为 “介词后必接 doing”,忽略特殊情况。
(2025·广东惠州高三模考)
The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys growing 1.　　　　　　 (popular) in the international world of high fashion. The name “cheongsam”, 2.　　　　　　 (mean) simply “long dress”, entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of China’s Guangdong Province. In other parts of the country including Beijing, however, it 3.　　　　　　 (know) as “qipao”, which has a history behind it.
popularity　
meaning　
is known　
【解析】
1.考查名词。enjoy 后接不可数名词 popularity 作宾语。故填 popularity。
2.考查非谓语动词。The name 与 mean 为主动关系,用现在分词作定语。故填 meaning。
3.考查时态和语态。主语 it 与 know 为被动关系,陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态;be known as 为固定搭配。故填 is known。
After the early Manchu (满族的) rulers came to China, the Manchu women wore 4.　　　　　　 (normal) a one-piece dress which came
5.　　　　　　 (call) “qipao”. Although the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female dress 6.　　　　　　 (survive) the political change and, with later improvements, has become the traditional dress for Chinese women.
normally
to be called　
survived　
4.考查副词。用副词 normally 修饰动词 wore。故填 normally。
5.考查非谓语动词。which 与 call 为被动关系,用不定式的被动形式;come to be called 为固定表达。故填 to be called。
6.考查动词时态。描述过去动作时,用 survive 的过去式。故填 survived。
The cheongsam, 7.　　　　　　 neck is high, collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure, and its sleeves may be either short, medium or full length, depending on seasons or tastes. In addition, it is not too complicated to make. 8.　　　　　　 does it need too much material. Another beauty of the cheongsam is that it can be worn either
9.　　　　　　 casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates
10.　　　　　　 impression of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness.
whose　
Nor　
on　
an
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍旗袍的历史以及样式。旗袍特别适合中国女性的身材,它的好处在于可以使用多种材质,并以不同长度制作,在休闲和正式场合都可穿着。
7.考查定语从句。先行词 The cheongsam 在从句中作定语,用 whose 引导。故填 whose。
8.考查副词。与前句 not 呼应,表 “也不” 用 nor,句首大写。故填 Nor。
9.考查介词。on…occasion 为固定搭配。故填 on。
10.考查冠词。泛指 “一种印象”,impression 以元音音素开头,用 an。故填 an。
(3)考查动词派生词的情况
偶尔会考查动词向“名词”“形容词” 的派生(如动词→名词:work→worker, develop→development;动词→形容词:interest→interesting/interested),解题核心是 “根据句子成分判断词性”。
　　This switch has decreased 　　　　(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
【技法运用】
空格前有decreased(及物动词,后接宾语),需填名词;pollute的名词形式是pollution(不可数名词),故填pollution。
　　考生易混淆 “动词派生的名词单复数” 或 “形容词的-ed / -ing 形式”:
例1:He made an important 　　　　(decide) yesterday.
考生易误填decide或decides,实际需填名词decision,且an后接单数,故填decision;
例2:The film is so 　　　　(excite) that we all like it.
考生易误填excited,而exciting修饰 “物”(电影),excited修饰人,故填exciting。
(2024·浙江省高三模考)
The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra
1.　　　　　　 (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 2.　　　　　　 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
to benefit　
or　
【解析】
1.考查动词不定式。用 to do 不定式作目的状语。故填 to benefit。
2.考查固定句式。either…or…为固定句式。故填 or。
Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way
3.　　　　　　 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 4.　　　　　 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
that(which)　
what　
3.考查定语从句。先行词 way 在从句中作主语,用 that/which 引导。故填 that/which。
4.考查名词性从句。表语从句中缺宾语,指事物时用 what。故填 what。
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 5.　　　　　　(criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 6.　　　　　　 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.
criticism
be offered　
5.考查名词。用名词 criticism 作宾语。故填 criticism。
6.考查被动语态。主语 they 与 offer 为被动关系,情态动词后用原形 be offered。故填 be offered。
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets
7.　　　　　　 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 8._____________　　　
(design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 9.　　　　　　 other stays fresh.
have started　
designed　
the　
7.考查现在完成时。Over the last two years 作状语,用现在完成时。故填 have started。
8.考查过去分词。design 与 packs 为被动关系,用过去分词作定语。故填 designed。
9.考查冠词。the other 为固定搭配。故填 the。
Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking
10.　　　　　　 (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章对商家各式各样的促销手段进行了介绍。
ones
10.考查代词。some of 后用 one 的复数形式 ones。故填 ones。
2.提示词是名词
当括号内给出一个名词时,考点相对明确,主要考查名词的单复数形式、词性转换以及所有格。回答此类题的核心思路是分析该名词在句中所充当的成分。
例1　考查名词单复数
The Chinese government has also taken measures to protect the environment, such as encouraging the use of new energy 　　　　(car) and public transportation.
【技法运用】
空格前无a/an,且encouraging the use of(鼓励使用……)表泛指 “一类事物”,结合常识 “新能源汽车” 不可能是单数,故需复数。
答案:cars
例2　考查名词所有格
I became interested in the story of the 　　　　(wolf) and decided to study them further. Later, I found that a 　　　　(wolf) home is usually a cave or a hole under a tree.
【技法运用】
第一空:空格前是the,后接and decided,需名词作宾语;结合后文study them(them 指代复数),故填wolves(wolf 的复数形式)。
第二空:空格后是home(名词),表示“狼的家”,存在所属关系;且a提示单数,故填wolf’s(单数名词所有格)。
答案:wolves;wolf’s
例3　考查名词词类转换
It is 　　　　(importance) to know how to ask for help politely.
【技法运用】
空格前是系动词is,后无名词,需形容词作表语(“be+形容词” 是系表结构)。
提示词importance是名词,需转换为形容词,词缀规则为 “importance→important”。
答案:important
　　 陷阱 1:不可数名词误加 “s”。
陷阱 2:复数名词词形变化错误。
陷阱 3:词类转换时 “词根词缀混淆”。
陷阱 4:忽略 “所属关系” 导致所有格遗漏。
(2025·广东佛山高三模考)
Chinese scientists have found a new plant species of Oreocharis (马铃苣苔属) in southwest China’s Yunnan Province, according to the Chengdu Institute of Biology (CIB) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The findings, made by researchers from the CIB and Guangxi Institute of Botany of the CAS, 1.___________________________　　　　　　
__________(publish) recently in the journal Ecology and Evolution.
have been published/were published　
【解析】
1.考查时态和语态。findings 与 publish 为被动关系,recently 作状语用现在完成时或一般过去时被动语态。故填 have been published/were published。
During a field 2.　　　　　　 (investigate) on an oak community, the researchers found an unidentified species of Oreocharis in Ninglang County, Yunnan. By comparing the plant with several 3.______________　　　　　
(know) Oreocharis species, the researchers have confirmed it is a new species 4.　　　　　　 has many unique characteristics.
investigation
known　
that/which　
2.考查名词。field 后接名词 investigation 构成固定短语。故填 investigation。
3.考查形容词。用形容词 known 修饰名词 species。故填 known。
4.考查定语从句。先行词 species 在从句中作主语,用 that/which 引导。故填 that/which。
The new species was named Oreocharis oriolus (黄鹂属)
5.　　　　　　 the lively bird oriole, as its bright yellow flowers resemble the 6.　　　　　　 (bird) feather color. After extensive research on vegetation cover, the researchers found that the new species has a narrow distribution, 7.　　　　　　 (grow) in limestone (石灰岩) cracks in an area of two square 8.　　　　　　 (kilometer).
after　
bird’s　
growing
kilometers　
5.考查介词。name…after…为固定短语。故填 after。
6.考查名词所有格。表所属关系用 bird’s。故填 bird’s。
7.考查非谓语动词。the new species 与 grow 为主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填 growing。
8.考查名词。two square 后接 kilometer 的复数形式。故填 kilometers。
This new species is currently listed as 9.　　　　　　 (critical) endangered by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. According to the researchers, 10.　　　　　　 discovery of the plant species has further enriched diversity of Oreocharis in China, and has positive significance for the biogeography of the Hengduan Mountains in southwest China.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家在云南省发现的一种新的植物物种,并说明了其积极意义。
critically　
the
9.考查副词。用副词 critically 修饰形容词 endangered。故填 critically。
10.考查冠词。特指前文提到的发现,用定冠词 the。故填 the。
3.提示词是形容词或副词
当括号内给出形容词或副词时,核心考点是三级变换(原级、比较级、最高级) 和词性转换(形容词副词互换)。解题的关键在于分析语境和句子结构。
例1　形容词转副词
The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and 　　　　(eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
【技法运用】
设空处后为动词 achieve,应用副词 eventually 作状语,修饰动词 achieve。答案:eventually。
例2　形容词的比较级
Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 　　　　(meaning).
【技法运用】
此处是 make 复合结构,应用形容词 meaningful 作宾语补足语,even more meaningful 表示 “更有意义的”。答案:meaningful。
例3　形容词的最高级
As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 　　　(large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
【技法运用】
根据定冠词 the 和常识可知,中国是最大的产茶国,所以用形容词的最高级形式。答案:largest。
　　 陷阱1:词性、词形转换类陷阱。
陷阱2:比较级、最高级陷阱。
陷阱3:用法类陷阱。
(2024·辽宁省重点高中高三联考)
Porcelain (瓷器) is a material made from well-chosen porcelain clay through a series of technological 1.　　　　　　 (process) like mixing, molding, drying and firing. Although porcelain developed from pottery, it is superior in both practical 2.　　　　　　 artistic terms. Perhaps that is 3.　　　　　　 it gradually replaced pottery in history.
processes　
and　
why　
【解析】
1.考查名词。形容词后接名词,process 为可数名词,a series of 后用复数 processes。故填 processes。
2.考查连词。固定搭配 both…and…,表 “…… 和…… 都”。故填 and。
3.考查表语从句。从句句意完整,表 “…… 的原因” 用 why 引导。故填 why。
The 4.　　　　　　 (early) porcelain, commonly called “primitive porcelain”, appeared during the Shang Dynasty. But the first porcelain in real sense was not produced until the Eastern Han Dynasty. Later with the processing techniques 5.　　　　　　 (mature) all the way, famous kilns (窑), including what are known as the “Five Great Kilns”, emerge
6.　　　　　　 quantity during the Song Dynasty. In the Yuan Dynasty, Jingdezhen, the Capital of Porcelain, produced blue and white porcelain which later became the 7.　　　　　　 (represent) of porcelain. Porcelain of the Qing Dynasty is classical, graceful, delicate and splendid, thus becoming superb goods popular at home and abroad.
earliest　
maturing　
in
representative　
4.考查形容词。形容词修饰名词,根据语境用最高级 earliest。故填 earliest。
5.考查非谓语动词。with 复合结构中,processing techniques 与 mature 为主动关系,用现在分词 maturing。故填 maturing。
6.考查介词。固定搭配 in quantity,表 “大量地”。故填 in。
7.考查名词。定冠词后接名词,represent 的名词形式为 representative,用单数。故填 representative。
Porcelain is the creative fruit of 8.____________working people of ancient China. Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, porcelain 9.__________　　　　　　 ___________(export) worldwide. It promotes economic and cultural exchange between China and the outside world, and 10._______________　　　　　　 (dramatic) influences the traditional culture and lifestyle of people from other countries.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瓷器的发展历史、制作工艺以及其在中国和世界经济文化交流中的重要性。
the　
has been exported
dramatically
8.考查冠词。特指 “中国古代劳动人民”,用定冠词 the。故填 the。
9.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。since 引导状语从句,用现在完成时;porcelain 与 export 为被动关系;主语为单数,故填 has been exported。
10.考查副词。副词修饰动词 influence,dramatic 的副词形式为 dramatically。故填 dramatically。
4.提示词是代词
在高考英语语法填空中,提示词为代词的题型主要考查代词的 “格、数、性、指代对象” 四大维度转换,核心是根据句子成分(主语、宾语、定语等)和上下文逻辑,选择正确的代词形式。
例1　主格 vs. 宾格
The students were required to go online and upload their handwritten homework, but most of 　　　　(they) simply took photos of the homework and submitted them.
【技法运用】
设空处作介词 of 的宾语,需用宾格代词,故填 them(they 的宾格)。答案:them
例2　 物主代词
The festival represents the beginning of the hottest period of the year, and 　　　　(it) name comes from the Chinese word “shu”, meaning “heat”.
【技法运用】
设空处修饰名词 name,表 “它的名字”,需用形容词性物主代词,故填 its(it 的形容词性物主代词)。答案:its
例3　反身代词
When he was 16, he left home to work in a restaurant. He worked hard and learned to cook by 　　　　(he).
【技法运用】
固定搭配 by oneself(独自),主语是 he,故填 himself。答案:himself
例4　it的特殊用法(形式主语/形式宾语/强调句)
　　　　 (it) is important for us to learn how to communicate effectively in daily life.
【技法运用】
It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.是固定句型,it 作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的 to learn...,故填 It(首字母大写)。答案:It
　　 陷阱 1:物主代词与宾格/主格混淆。
陷阱 2:反身代词的 “人称/数” 不一致。
陷阱 3:不定代词的 “范围” 与 “含义” 混淆。
陷阱 4:忽略 it 的 “形式主语/宾语” 用法。
(2025·海南省名校高三模考)
Have you ever felt stressed and anxious when your maths teacher asks you 1.　　　　　　 question Or when you are doing your maths homework If so, you might have experienced 2.　　　　　　 is called maths anxiety—the feeling of being extremely nervous when 3._________　　　　　　 (face) with doing basic mathematics. If you have experienced maths anxiety, you are not alone.
a　
what　
faced　
【解析】
1.考查不定冠词。question 是可数名词单数,表泛指,且以辅音音素开头,用 a。故填 a。
2.考查宾语从句引导词。experienced 后接宾语从句,从句缺主语,表 “…… 的事物” 用 what。故填 what。
3.考查非谓语动词。固定搭配 be faced with,从句省略 you are,保留过去分词 faced。故填 faced。
Mathematics 4.　　　　　　 (be) a necessary skill that people use throughout their lives. 5.　　　　　　 (fortunate), many people feel anxious when they have to do maths. That seed of fear may come from many sources. Cultural expectations may also be 6.___________________　　　　　
(blame)—girls may be more likely to catch maths anxiety, perhaps because of stereotypes (刻板印象) that girls are naturally not very good at maths. Your genes, meanwhile, might lead you to anxiety more generally—7.　　　　　　 (make) you more likely to respond unwillingly to maths.
is　
Unfortunately　
to blame　
making
4.考查主谓一致及时态。Mathematics 是不可数名词,作主语时谓语用单数;陈述客观事实用一般现在时。故填 is。
5.考查副词。形容词 fortunate 的否定副词形式为 Unfortunately,表转折,修饰整个句子。故填 Unfortunately。
6.考查固定搭配。固定结构 be to blame,表 “应负责任”,用 to blame。故填 to blame。
7.考查非谓语动词。主句完整,逗号后用现在分词 making 作结果状语,表主动关系。故填 making。
Whatever its origins, once the seed of the fear takes root, it may grow by 8.　　　　　　 (it): the more anxious you feel, the worse you perform; the more you shy away from maths, the more you worry when you face it again. Adults with maths anxiety often have trouble
9.　　　　　　 maths in their careers and everyday life. Adults with maths anxiety are 10.　　　　　　 (little) likely to show interest, enter, and succeed in careers relating to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
itself　
with　
less
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“数学焦虑”(maths anxiety)的现象,即面对数学问题时感到极度紧张的心理状态。文章指出数学焦虑的普遍性,并探讨其可能成因(如文化期望、性别刻板印象、遗传因素等),同时分析了焦虑的恶性循环及其对个人学习和职业发展的负面影响。
8.考查反身代词。固定搭配 by oneself,主语 it 对应的反身代词为 itself。故填 itself。
9.考查介词。固定短语 have trouble with sth.,后接名词 maths,用 with。故填 with。
10.考查形容词比较级。隐含对比,表 “可能性更低”,little 的比较级为 less,修饰 likely。故填 less。
题型二
无提示词
语法填空的无提示词空(通常 10 空中占 3~4 空),核心考查英语句子的基本结构逻辑和功能性词汇的固定用法,无需词形变化,但需精准判断空格在句中的语法作用。
1.考查冠词
在高考英语语法填空无提示词的题型中,冠词是高频考点之一,主要考查不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)的辨析与使用,解此类题的核心在于判断空格后的名词或名词短语是否需要冠词修饰,以及需要哪类冠词修饰。
例1
...The Xuanmen Cave is 61. 　　　　natural wonder in Hebei Province, China.
【技法运用】
空格后natural wonder是 “形容词+可数名词单数” 结构,需填冠词;natural wonder首次出现,泛指 “一处自然奇观”,用不定冠词;natural以辅音音素/n/开头,故填 a。
答案:a
例2
...This is 64. 　　　　question that has puzzled scientists for decades.
【技法运用】
空格后question是可数名词单数,需填冠词;question 后接定语从句that has puzzled scientists,被限定修饰,表“特指(那个困扰科学家的问题)”,故填 the。
答案:the
　　陷阱1:误用a/an
陷阱2:独一无二事物漏the
(2026·广东茂名高三诊断考)
A decade after its international debut, Hugo Award-winning The Three-Body Problem is being recognized as a groundbreaking success for Chinese science fiction, 1.　　　　　　 (sell) 6.5 million copies in 42 languages and impacting readers worldwide. The novel’s international success 2.　　 　　　　(celebrate) at the “Cosmic Echoes—The Three-Body Problem’s Overseas 10-Year Impact Release Conference” held on Aug 30 during the 15th International Digital Publishing Expo in Zhengzhou, Henan province.
selling　
was celebrated
【解析】
1.考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语动词“is being recognized”,此处用现在分词作伴随状语,与主语“The Three-Body Problem”是主动关系,故填selling。
2.考查时态和语态。主语success与celebrate是被动关系,且事件发生在过去,用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was celebrated。
The conference drew over 400 attendees, including author Liu Cixin, 3.　　　　　　 (expert), scholars, publishers, and readers from around the globe, gathered to reflect 4.　　　　　　 the novel’s decade-long journey and discuss the future of Chinese science fiction on the global stage.
experts　
on/upon　
3.考查名词复数。expert是可数名词,与“scholars, publishers”并列,用复数形式,故填experts。
4.考查介词。固定短语“reflect on/upon”表示“反思、回顾”,故填on/upon。
First 5.　　　　　　 (publish) in English in November 2014, The Three-Body Problem 6.　　　　　　 (quick) became a global phenomenon, culminating(达到顶点) in a 2015 Hugo Award for Best Novel—a key moment for Chinese science fiction. The novel’s impact was underscored by the release of the “Report on the International Impact of The Three-Body Problem in the Overseas Decade”, 7.　　　　　 revealed global sales exceeding(超过) 30 million copies and widespread
8.　　　　　　 (available) in libraries across Europe and the United States.
published
quickly　
which　
availability　
5.考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语动词became,此处用过去分词作状语,与主语“The Three-Body Problem”是被动关系,故填published。
6.考查副词。修饰动词became用副词形式,故填quickly。
7.考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词Report,在从句中作主语,故填which。
8.考查词性转换。形容词widespread修饰名词,available的名词形式是availability,表示“可获得性”,故填availability。
“The success of The Three-Body Problem’s overseas publication proves that Chinese literature can speak to human concerns in
9.　　　　　　 global language,” stated author Liu Cixin during
10.　　　　　　 (he) address, expressing gratitude to China Educational Publications Import and Export Corporation(CEP)and Science Fiction World magazine.
【语篇概述】这是一篇新闻报道,介绍了科幻小说《三体》在国际推出十周年之际,其全球影响力与相关纪念活动,以及作者刘慈欣对作品国际传播的评价。
a　
his
9.考查冠词。“global language”是可数名词单数,此处表泛指,且global以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词“a”,故填a。
10.考查代词。修饰名词address用形容词性物主代词,故填his。
2.考查介词
在高考英语语法填空无提示词的题型中,介词是高频考点之一。介词虽无实际动作含义,却承担着连接词与词、体现逻辑关系的关键作用,其考查核心围绕固定搭配和语境逻辑展开,需要考生精准把握介词的用法和上下文语境。
例1　考查 “动词+介词” 固定搭配
...and it might help you get close 　　　　your goal.
【技法运用】
此处考查固定搭配get close to(接近……),close为形容词,与介词to构成固定短语,表示“接近目标”,故填to。
例2　考查 “名词+介词” 固定搭配
The hotel offers a solution 　　　　this problem: guests can borrow hiking poles...
【技法运用】
此处考查固定搭配a solution to...(…… 的解决方案),solution(解决方案)后固定接介词to,表示“问题的解决方案”,故填to。
例3　考查 “语境逻辑(地点关系)”
I do know how upset the shop staff can get when someone steals from the shop, especially 　　　　small shops.
【技法运用】
此处无明显固定搭配,需分析地点逻辑。small shops是具体小地点,表示“在小商店里”时,小地点前用介词at,故填at。
例4　考查 “语境逻辑(时间关系)”
...we usually have a short break 　　　　10:00 a.m.
【技法运用】
此处考查时间逻辑,10:00 a.m.是具体时刻,具体时刻前需用介词at,故填at。
　　 陷阱1:固定搭配类陷阱。
陷阱2:语境逻辑类陷阱。
陷阱3:中英文思维类陷阱。
(2025·广东中山高三模考)
Toronto’s Chinatown is a lively area situated in the heart of the city. 1.　　　　　　 (establish) businesses line its streets, each with their own narrative—ranging from family-run restaurants 2.　　　　　　 modern banks, all of which contribute to the area’s rich culinary (烹饪的) scene and lively atmosphere. The history of Chinatown 3.　　　　　　 (date) back to the late 19th century, with the first Chinese-owned businesses setting up along Elizabeth Street. Over the decades, it 4.　　　　　 (grow) to become a cultural hub (枢纽) that is central to the city’s 5.___________　　　　　　 (identify).
Established　
to　
dates　
has grown　
identity　
【解析】
1.考查非谓语动词。established 修饰 businesses,表“建立的”,句首大写。故填 Established。
2.考查介词。固定搭配 range from…to…,表 “从……到……”。故填 to。
3.考查时态和主谓一致。陈述客观事实用一般现在时;主语 The history 为单数,date 用第三人称单数 dates。故填 dates。
4.考查现在完成时。Over the decades 作状语,用现在完成时;主语 it 为单数,故填 has grown。
5.考查名词。city’s 后接名词 identity,作介词宾语,表 “认同感”。故填 identity。
The neighborhood, which has been shaped by the perseverance (毅力) and enterprise of its residents, is a place 6.　　　　　　 traditional festivals are celebrated with enthusiasm, and the customs and heritage of its community are 7.　　　　　　 (proud) displayed. Over the years despite 8.　　　　　　 (face) challenges such as relocation due to urban 9.　　　　　　 (develop) and city planning, Chinatown has been preserved, with its spirit and culture maintained through the efforts of its inhabitants and supporters.
where　
proudly　
facing　
development　
6.考查定语从句。先行词 place 在从句中作地点状语,用 where 引导。故填 where。
7.考查副词。副词 proudly 修饰动词 displayed,表 “自豪地”。故填 proudly。
8.考查非谓语动词。despite 是介词,后接动名词 facing。故填 facing。
9.考查名词。due to 后接名词 development,与 city planning 并列。故填 development。
Chinatown is 10.　　　　　　 important part of Toronto’s story. It’s a place that connects the past and present, showing how different cultures can add to the city’s character. In essence, Chinatown is more than just a location; it is a living, breathing part of Toronto’s cultural narrative.
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多伦多唐人街的历史、文化及其在城市发展中的重要地位。
an
10.考查冠词。泛指 “一个重要部分”,important 以元音音素开头,用 an。故填 an。
3.考查连词
在高考英语语法填空无提示词的题型中,连词是高频考点之一,主要用于连接句子内部或句子之间的逻辑关系,可分为并列连词(连接并列成分 / 分句)和从属连词(连接主句与从句)两大类。
1.并列连词(连接并列分句)
例1
...she said she had watched it many times, 　40　 each time it still moved her deeply.
【技法运用】
第一步:空格前后是两个完整的句子(前:she had watched it many times;后:each time it still moved her deeply),需填并列连词。
第二步:前句 “看过很多次” 与后句 “每次仍深受感动” 存在语义转折,故填 but。
例2
You can take a bus, 　38　 you can rent a bike to go around the city.
【技法运用】
第一步:空格前后是两个完整的句子(take a bus/rent a bike),需填并列连词。
第二步:前后句表示 “两种出行方式的选择”,故填 or(either...or...的省略形式)。
2.从属连词(连接主句与从句)
(1)定语从句(修饰名词 / 代词,从句缺成分)
例3
The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible for you to climb the wall at any of the eight gates 　34　 are evenly spaced around it.
【技法运用】
第一步:空格后are evenly spaced around it是不完整的句子(缺主语),且修饰先行词the eight gates(指物),故判断此句为定语从句,需填关系代词。
第二步:先行词指物,且从句缺主语,故填 that 或 which。
(2)状语从句(修饰主句动作,表时间 / 条件 / 原因等)
例4
　36　 the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
【技法运用】
第一步:前半句“the average age...increases” 是完整的句子,后半句“there are more...to care for”也是完整的句子,且后半句是前半句的 “时间背景”(随着人口平均年龄增长,需要照顾的老人越来越多),故判断为时间状语从句,需填从属连词。
第二步:表示“随着”的时间连词为 As,故填 As。
(3)名词性从句(充当主语 / 宾语 / 表语,从句缺少成分)
例5
China has become the first country in the world to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. This is 　35　 scientists have long dreamed of doing.
【技法运用】
第一步:空格前是系动词 is,空格后scientists have long dreamed of doing是不完整的句子(缺doing的宾语),故判断为表语从句(名词性从句的一种),需填连接代词。
第二步:从句缺doing的宾语,故填 what(指代 “登陆月球背面” 这件事)。
　　 陷阱1:并列关系混淆。
陷阱2:主从关系判断失误。
陷阱3:名词性从句引导词误选。
陷阱4:定语从句关系词误选。
(2025·湖南长沙高三模考)
Chinese restaurants began to open in America in the mid-19th century, clustering (集中) on the west coast where the first immigrants landed.
They mostly served 1.　　　　　　 unique version of Cantonese cuisine—Chop Suey, Egg Foo Yung and the like. In that century and much of the 20th century, the immigrants largely 2.　　　　　　 (flow) from China’s south-east regions, mainly Guangdong Province.
a　
flowed　
【解析】
1.考查冠词。泛指 “一种独特的粤菜”,unique 以辅音音素开头,用 a。故填 a。
2.考查时态。根据时间状语可知描述过去动作,flow 用过去式 flowed。故填 flowed。
Restaurants began calling their food “Hunan” and “Sichuan”, and though it 3.　　　　　　 (true) bore much resemblance to
4.　　　　　　 was eaten in those regions, it was more diverse and boldly spiced 5.　　　　　　 the sweet, fried stuff that defined the earliest Chinese menus.
truly　
what　
than　
3.考查副词。副词 truly 修饰动词 bore,表 “确实”。故填 truly。
4.考查主语从句。宾语从句缺主语,指 “被吃的东西” 用 what。故填 what。
5.考查介词。more diverse 后接 than,构成比较级。故填 than。
6.考查名词。名词 favorite 作主语,表示“特别喜爱的菜品”,用单数。故填 favorite。
favorite
By the 1990s, adventurous diners in cities with sizeable Chinese populations could choose many regional cuisines. A particular
6.　　　　　　 (favor)—Sichuan food, made its diners addictive with its extremely chilly dishes.
Virtually every small town had one Chinese restaurant and, generally, the menus were the same: 7.　　　　　　 (steam) pork dumplings; sour soup; stir-fries listed by main ingredients,
8.　　　　　　 a pepper star suggesting the amount of pepper.
steamed　
with　
7.考查非谓语动词。steam 与 dumplings 为被动关系,用过去分词作定语。故填 steamed。
8.考查介词。用介词 with 表示“带有”,构成 with 复合结构。故填 with。
But there were slight changes in some cities. For instance, in Boston, takeaways often come with dumplings 9.　　　　　　 (feature) as a sweetened sauce, a special cuisine developed in upper Manhattan
10.　　　　　　 (meet) diners’ novel taste.
【语篇概述】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国中餐馆的发展历程及中国菜在美国的演变。
featuring　
to meet
9.考查非谓语动词。feature 与 dumplings 为主动关系,用现在分词作定语。故填 featuring。
10.考查非谓语动词。用不定式作目的状语,表示“为了迎合口味”。故填 to meet。
4.考查代词
在高考英语语法填空无提示词的考查中,代词是高频考点之一,主要考查对句子成分完整性、指代关系及上下文逻辑的理解。其核心是根据空格前后的名词 / 代词、句子结构、指代对象的单复数 / 性别 / 所属关系来确定正确的代词形式,常见考查类型包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词等。
例1　考查形容词性物主代词
I noticed that the elderly who lived alone in the neighborhood often needed help with shopping. I decided to do something for 　62　 community.
【技法运用】
第一步:空格后有名词community,空格需作定语修饰名词,初步锁定 “形容词性物主代词 / 指示代词 / 定冠词”;
第二步:结合上下文,community指的是the elderly 或 neighborhood所在的社区,故用their;若强调 “特定的社区”,也可用定冠词the;
第三步:语境是明确的,无歧义,故the/their均符合逻辑。答案:the/their。
例2　考查反身代词
My mom told me that I should learn to take care of 　63　 when she was away on business.
【技法运用】
第一步:空格前有动词短语take care of,需作宾语,初步锁定 “宾格 / 反身代词”;
第二步:主语是I,宾语需与主语指代同一人(“照顾我自己”),故需用反身代词;
第三步:take care of oneself是固定搭配,主语为I,对应的反身代词为myself,符合 “主语与宾语一致” 的语境。答案:myself。
例3　考查不定代词
When I got to the bus stop, I realized I had left my phone at home. I had 　61　 to call my mom and tell her I would be late.
【技法运用】
第一步:空格前有动词had,需作宾语,初步锁定 “不定代词 / 名词”(无提示词,故排除名词);
第二步:上下文语境为 “手机落在家”,结果是 “没有办法打电话”,即 “没有东西(方式)可以打电话”;
第三步:用nothing表示 “没有任何东西”,符合 “无法联系妈妈” 的逻辑(若用no way,需补充way,但空格无提示词,故排除)。答案:nothing。
　　 陷阱1:指代不清。
陷阱2:格(主格 / 宾格 / 所有格)的误用。
陷阱3:反身代词与不定代词的遗漏。
(2024·粤港澳大湾区名校联考)
Tea is an important part of Chinese traditions. As Chinese society developed and progressed, tea production has played a role in
1.　　　　　　 (promote) economic development while tea consumption has remained a practice of daily life. Tea has an 2.　　　　　　 (extreme) close relationship to Chinese culture, and its study covers a wide range of fields 3.　　　　　　 has very rich content.
promoting　
extremely　
which/that　
【解析】
1.考查非谓语动词。介词 in 后接动名词 promoting 作宾语。故填 promoting。
2.考查副词。副词 extremely 修饰形容词 close,表 “极其密切”。故填 extremely。
3.考查定语从句。先行词 fields 在从句中作主语,用 which/that 引导。故填 which/that。
The history of Chinese tea is 4.　　　　　　 long and gradual story of refinement (完善). Generations of growers and producers have perfected the Chinese way of manufacturing tea, and its many unique regional variations.
a　
4.考查冠词。泛指 “一个漫长的故事”,long 以辅音音素开头,用 a。故填 a。
The original idea is credited to the legendary Emperor Shennong, who is said to have lived 5,000 years ago. He required that all drinking water 5.　　　 　　　 (boil) as a hygienic precaution (卫生预防). One summer day, while visiting a distant part of his country, Emperor Shennong stopped 6.　　　　　　 (rest). In accordance with his ruling, the servants began to boil water 7.　　　　　　 Emperor Shennong to drink. Some dried leaves from a nearby bush 8.___________　　　　　　 (fall) into the boiling water, and a brown substance mixed with the water. As a 9.　　　　　　 (science), the emperor was interested in the new liquid, drank some, and found 10.　　　　　　 very refreshing. And so, according to legend, tea was created in 2737 BC.
should be boiled/be boiled　
to rest　
for　
fell　
scientist　
it
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的茶文化及中国茶的分类。
5.考查虚拟语气和语态。require 后的从句用虚拟语气,water 与 boil 为被动关系。故填 should be boiled/be boiled。
6.考查非谓语动词。固定搭配 stop to do sth.,表 “停下来休息”。故填 to rest。
7.考查介词。用介词 for 表目的,表 “烧水给神农喝”。故填 for。
8.考查时态。由下文 mixed 可知用一般过去时,fall 的过去式为 fell。故填 fell。
9.考查名词。名词 scientist 作表语,表 “科学家”,用单数。故填 scientist。
10.考查代词。it 指代上文的 liquid,作 find 的宾语。故填 it。
在高考英语语法填空中,长难句往往是考生的 “拦路虎”。这类句子通常包含复杂结构(如复合句、插入语、倒装等),导致句子主干模糊,空格处的语法逻辑难以判断。突破长难句的核心是剥离修饰、锁定主干、厘清逻辑,即先找到句子的核心成分(主谓宾 / 主系表),再分析修饰成分(定语、状语、插入语等)与主干的关系,最终结合语法规则确定空格答案。
【典例示范】
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands 　63　 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a part retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 　64　 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 　65　 (rich) of gardening England.
【技法运用】
(1)锁定句子主干,主语是the Glasshouse,谓语是stands。
(2)分析修饰成分:“to house the pants of the southwestern part of China”是这座Glasshouse的功能,在句子中作目的状语;“at the end of a part”作地点状语,“retracing the steps along the Silk Route”是现在分词作后置定语修饰“a part”,意为“追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头”;64空后再次出现了谓语动词brought,所以该空处应该为从句,引导限制性定语从句;“to come to define much of...”是不定式作目的状语,说明这些植物最终构成了英国园艺的丰富性。
(3)63空处考查介词,空处指的是“作为”,应用介词as;64空处考查定语从句,空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the Silk Route,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which或that引导从句;65处考查名词,冠词修饰名词,应用名词形式richness。

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