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沪教版英语七年级下册 Unit 7 单元词汇梳理
一、 单词与词组详解
1. contribution / k ntr bju n/ n. 贡献
【搭配】 【拓展】 make a contribution to... / make contributions to... (为……做贡献)，to 是介词，后接名词或 v-ing。动词形式为 contribute。
He made a great contribution to the development of science. 他对科学的发展做出了巨大的贡献。
2. hero / h r / n. 英雄
【规则变化】 复数形式为 heroes (以o结尾的有生命名词加-es)。
Soldiers who fight for their country are heroes. 为国而战的士兵是英雄。
3. pioneer / pa n (r)/ n. 先锋；先驱
Yuri Gagarin was a pioneer of space travel. 尤里·加加林是太空旅行的先驱。
4. technology /tek n l d i/ n. 科技；技术
Modern technology makes our lives easier. 现代科技使我们的生活更轻松。
5. receive /r si v/ v. 拿到；接到；收到
【辨析】 receive 指客观上“收到”，不一定接受；accept 指主观上“接受”。
I received an invitation, but I didn't accept it. 我收到了一份邀请，但我没有接受。
6. engineering / end n r / n. 工程学
【拓展】 engineer (n. 工程师)。
He wants to study engineering at university. 他想在大学学习工程学。
7. award / w d/ v. 授予；奖励 n. 奖
【拓展】 win an award (获奖)。
She was awarded a gold medal for her excellent work. 她因出色的工作被授予金牌。
8. education / ed u ke n/ n. 教育
【拓展】 educate (v. 教育)；educational (adj. 有教育意义的)。
Education is important for every child. 教育对每个孩子都很重要。
9. spend /spend/ v. 花（时间）；度过
【易错点】 主语必须是“人”。搭配：spend time/money on sth. 或 spend time/money (in) doing sth.
She spends two hours reading books every day. 她每天花两个小时读书。
10. research /r s t / n. 研究；调查
【搭配】 do research on/into... (对……进行研究)。research通常作为不可数名词。
Scientists are doing research on the new virus. 科学家们正在对这种新病毒进行研究。
11. achieve / t i v/ v. (凭长期努力) 达到；实现
【拓展】 achievement (n. 成就)。achieve one's dream (实现梦想)。
By working hard, you can achieve your goals. 通过努力工作，你可以实现你的目标。
12. well-respected / wel r spekt d/ adj. 受尊敬的
Dr Qian is a well-respected scientist in China. 钱博士是中国受人尊敬的科学家。
13. found /fa nd/ v. 建立（城镇或国家）
【易错点】 found (建立) 是规则动词，过去式/过去分词为 founded, founded。需与 find (发现) 的过去式 found 区分。
The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于1949年。
14. eager / i ɡ (r)/ adj. 热切的；渴望的
【搭配】 be eager to do sth. (渴望做某事)。
The students are eager to learn new knowledge. 学生们渴望学习新知识。
15. raise /re z/ v. 增加；提高；筹集；举起
【易错点】 raise 是及物动词 (raise your hand, raise money)；rise 是不及物动词 (the sun rises)。
He raised his voice so that everyone could hear him. 他提高了嗓门，以便大家都能听到。
16. mission / m n/ n. 使命；任务
The astronauts completed their space mission successfully. 宇航员成功完成了他们的太空任务。
17. honour / n (r)/ n. 荣誉；名誉
【搭配】 in honour of (为了纪念……；向……表示敬意)。It is an honour to do sth. (做某事是荣幸)。
It is a great honour to meet you here. 在这里见到您是莫大的荣幸。
18. public / p bl k/ n. 百姓；民众 adj. 公共的
【搭配】 the public (公众)；in public (当众)。
This museum is open to the public. 这家博物馆向公众开放。
19. approval / pru vl/ n. 赞成；同意
【拓展】 approve (v. 批准；赞成)。
He nodded his head in approval. 他点头表示赞同。
20. praise /pre z/ n. 赞扬；称赞；赞美
【拓展】 也可作动词：praise sb. for sth. (因某事表扬某人)。in praise of (歌颂……)。
The teacher praised him for his honesty. 老师因他的诚实而表扬了他。
21. society /s sa ti/ n. 社会
【拓展】 social (adj. 社会的)。
We should work hard to make our society better. 我们应该努力工作，让我们的社会变得更美好。
22. female / fi me l/ adj. 女的；女性的
【反义】 male (男性的)。
The female lion is hunting for food. 母狮正在猎食。
23. admire / d ma (r)/ v. 钦佩；仰慕
【搭配】 admire sb. for sth. (因某事钦佩某人)。
I admire my father for his hard work. 我钦佩父亲的辛勤工作。
24. inspire / n spa (r)/ v. 激励；鼓舞
【搭配】 inspire sb. to do sth. (激励某人做某事)。
His speech inspired us to study harder. 他的演讲激励我们更加努力学习。
25. regular / reɡj l (r)/ adj. 通常的；平常的；有规律的
He goes to the gym on a regular basis. 他定期去健身房。
26. feed /fi d/ v. 养活；提供食物；喂养
【规则变化】 过去式/过去分词：fed, fed。搭配：feed sb. with sth. / feed on (以……为食)。
Don't forget to feed the cat. 别忘了喂猫。
27. smokejumper / sm kd mp (r)/ n. 空降消防员
A smokejumper jumps from a plane to fight forest fires. 空降消防员从飞机上跳下扑灭森林火灾。
28. thick /θ k/ adj. 茂密的；厚的
【反义】 thin (薄的/稀疏的)。
They got lost in the thick forest. 他们在茂密的森林里迷路了。
29. certain / s tn/ adj. 某个；特定的；确定的
【搭配】 for certain (肯定地)；be certain of/about (对……确定)。
A certain Mr. Smith called you just now. 一位叫史密斯的先生刚才给你打电话。
30. kill /k l/ v. 杀死；导致死亡
Smoking kills. 吸烟致命。
31. tool /tu l/ n. 工具
Words are the tools of a writer. 文字是作家的工具。
32. dead /ded/ adj. 失去生命的；枯萎的
【易错点】 dead (adj. 死的，表状态)；die (v. 死，表动作)；death (n. 死亡)；dying (adj. 垂死的)。
The flowers in the vase are dead. 花瓶里的花枯萎了。
33. brave /bre v/ adj. 勇敢的；无畏的
【拓展】 bravery (n. 勇敢)。
It was brave of him to save the drowning boy. 他救起溺水的男孩真是太勇敢了。
34. tough /t f/ adj. 健壮的；坚韧不拔的；困难的
Firefighters have a tough job. 消防员的工作很艰巨。
35. fit /f t/ adj. 健壮的；健康的
【搭配】 keep fit (保持健康)。
He runs every day to keep fit. 他每天跑步以保持健康。
36. otherwise / wa z/ adv. 否则；不然
Hurry up, otherwise you'll be late. 快点，否则你会迟到的。
37. survive /s va v/ v. 生存；存活
【拓展】 survival (n. 生存)；survivor (n. 幸存者)。
Camels can survive in the desert for a long time without water. 骆驼可以在沙漠中长期缺水生存。
38. proud /pra d/ adj. 骄傲的；自豪的
【搭配】 be proud of... (为……而自豪)。名词形式为 pride (take pride in...)。
I am proud of being a Chinese. 我为自己是中国人而自豪。
39. role model 楷模；行为榜样
My father is my role model. 我的父亲是我的榜样。
40. in the field of 在……领域
Tu Youyou is famous in the field of medicine. 屠呦呦在医学领域很出名。
41. devote yourself to 献身；致力
【易错点】 to 是介词，后接名词或 v-ing。devote oneself to doing sth.
She devoted herself to teaching poor children. 她致力于教贫困儿童。
42. college entrance examination 大学入学考试（高考）
Students work hard for the college entrance examination. 学生们为高考努力学习。
43. look up to 敬仰；钦佩
We all look up to him as a hero. 我们都把他当作英雄来敬仰。
44. sugar pill 糖丸
Gu Fangzhou invented the sugar pill to save many children. 顾方舟发明了糖丸，救了许多孩子。
45. put out 熄灭；扑灭
It took them hours to put out the big fire. 他们花了几个小时才扑灭大火。
46. be able to 能够
【辨析】 can (只用于现在和过去时)；be able to (可用于各种时态，强调经过努力做到的能力)。
I will be able to speak French soon. 我很快就能说法语了。
二、 单元“单词”练习
（一） 单项选择 (5道)
1. Tu Youyou made a great ______ to the world. She saved millions of lives.
A. contribution B. education C. mission D. technology
2. We should ______ those heroes who fight for our country.
A. look for B. look after C. look up to D. look at
3. Dr Qian ______ all his time ______ developing China's aerospace technology.
A. took; on B. spent; in C. paid; for D. devoted; to
4. — What can we do to ______ fire
— We can use water or sand.
A. put on B. put out C. put up D. put off
5. It was brave ______ the firefighter to save the child from the burning house.
A. of B. for C. to D. with
（二） 用所给词的适当形式填空 (4道)
1. Qian Xuesen is one of the most famous ____________ (science) in China.
2. The tree is ____________ (die). Let's water it.
3. He received high ____________ (praise) for his courage.
4. To keep ____________ (fitness), you should do exercise regularly.
（三） 短文填空 (9道小题)
A role model is someone we admire and want to be like. Qian Xuesen is my role model. He was a great pioneer in the (1) ____________ (file) of aerospace. He went to the USA to study and did a lot of (2) ____________ (search). He achieved great success there. However, when he heard the news that the People's Republic of China was (3) ____________ (find) in 1949, he decided to return to his motherland. Although he faced many difficulties, he never gave up. He (4) ____________ (devotion) himself to China's science. With his help, China sent satellites into space successfully. He won many (5) ____________ (award) and was well-respected by the (6) ____________ (people). Qian Xuesen passed away in 2009, but his spirit still (7) ____________ (inspiration) us. We should be (8) ____________ (pride) of him. As students, we should study hard and try to make a (9) ____________ (contribute) to our country in the future.
三、 参考答案
（一）单项选择
1. A (make a contribution to 为……做贡献)
2. C (look up to 敬仰/钦佩)
3. D (devote time to doing sth. 致力于/献身于，spend time (in) doing)
4. B (put out 熄灭/扑灭)
5. A (It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 形容人的品质用of)
（二）用所给词的适当形式填空
1. scientists (one of + 复数名词)
2. dying (be dying 垂死的/快死的)
3. praise (high praise 高度的赞扬，不可数)
4. fit (keep fit 保持健康，fit作形容词)
（三）短文填空
1. field (in the field of 在……领域)
2. research (不可数名词，研究)
3. founded (was founded 被建立，passive voice)
4. devoted (devoted himself to 献身于，过去时)
5. awards (many + 复数)
6. public (the public 民众)
7. inspires (inspire v. 激励，spirit是单数，一般现在时)
8. proud (be proud of 为……自豪)
9. contribution (make a contribution 做贡献)

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