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冀教版英语七年级下册 Unit 5-8 重点语法归纳
Unit 5 Our neighbourhood
一、There be 句型
考点1 含义与用法
There be 句型表示“某地（或某时）有某人（或某物）”，强调客观存在。其中 there 是引导词，be 动词是谓语，be 后面接的名词是主语。
例：There is a nice big square in my neighbourhood. [1]
考点2 时态变化
There be 句型可以根据时间状语的不同，使用不同的时态。本单元重点涉及一般现在时和一般过去时。
时态 结构 例句
一般现在时 There is / There are There is a new park now. (现在有一个新公园。)
一般过去时 There was / There were There was only one shop in the town ten years ago. (十年前镇上只有一家商店。) [2]
考点3 主谓一致（就近原则）
当 be 动词后接两个或两个以上的主语时，be 动词的形式（is/are 或 was/were）由紧挨着它的那个名词的单复数决定。
There is + 单数名词/不可数名词 (+ and + 复数名词) ...
There are + 复数名词 (+ and + 单数名词) ...
例：There is a bed and two chairs in the room. (房里有一张床和两把椅子。) [3]
例：There are two chairs and a bed in the room.
【注意】There be 与 have 的区别：
- There be 表示“存在”，即“某地有……”。
- have/has 表示“所有”，即“某人/某物拥有……”。
例：I have many friends here. (我有许多朋友。)
例：There are many trees in the park. (公园里有许多树。)
【句式变换】
- 否定句： 在 be 后加 not。 (There isn't / There aren't / There wasn't / There weren't...)
- 一般疑问句： 把 be 提到句首。 (Is there... / Are there... / Was there... / Were there... )
回答：Yes, there is/was. 或 No, there isn't/wasn't. [3]
Unit 5 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. There __________ a bank and two supermarkets on the street.
A. is B. are C. be D. am
2. There __________ no library in our school last year, but now there is one.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
3. —__________ any milk in the fridge
—No, we need to buy some.
A. Is there B. Are there C. Was there D. Were there
4. In the past, there __________ many old houses here.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
5. There __________ going to be a football match this evening.
A. is B. are C. will D. have
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. There __________ (be) a pen and three books on the desk.
2. Look! There __________ (be) some birds in the tree.
3. There __________ (be) a lot of rain in my hometown last summer.
4. __________ (be) there any students in the classroom now
三、短文填空
I live in a beautiful neighbourhood. In the past, the roads 1. __________ (be) narrow and dirty. There 2. __________ (be) not many shops. But now, great changes have taken place. There 3. __________ (be) a large supermarket near my home. There 4. __________ (be) also a beautiful park. In the park, there 5. __________ (be) many trees and flowers. People like to take a walk there. 6. __________ (there) is a small lake in the middle of the park. My neighbours are friendly. We know each 7. __________ (other) well. There 8. __________ (be) always laughter in my neighbourhood. I love 9. __________ (live) here.
参考答案：
一、1-5 ABA DA (第5题考查 There is going to be 将来时结构)
二、1. is (就近原则) 2. are 3. was (last summer表过去，rain不可数) 4. Are
三、1. were 2. were 3. is 4. is 5. are 6. There 7. other 8. is (laughter不可数) 9. living
Unit 6 Being creative
二、反身代词
考点1 常见的反身代词
反身代词表示“……自己”。单数以 -self 结尾，复数以 -selves 结尾。
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself (我自己) ourselves (我们自己)
第二人称 yourself (你自己) yourselves (你们自己)
第三人称 himself (他自己)
herself (她自己)
itself (它自己) themselves (他/她/它们自己)
考点2 基本用法
作宾语： 表示动作的承受者就是动作的执行者（主语和宾语是同一个人）。
例：I painted it myself. (我自己画的。) [4]
例：Please help yourselves to some fish. (请随便吃点鱼。) [5]
作同位语： 起强调作用，强调某人“亲自”做某事。位置可在名词/代词后，也可在句末。
例：The teacher himself made the card. (老师亲手做了这张卡片。)
考点3 常用短语
by oneself 独自地；独立地 (= alone) [6]
enjoy oneself 玩得开心；过得愉快 (= have a good time) [7]
teach oneself 自学 (= learn ... by oneself)
help oneself to... 请随便吃/喝……
look after oneself 照顾自己 (= take care of oneself)
【易错点】
反身代词不能单独作主语。不能说 "Myself went to the park."，应说 "I went to the park myself."。
Unit 6 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. The boy is old enough to dress __________.
A. him B. his C. himself D. he
2. We enjoyed __________ at the party last night.
A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves
3. —Did you make the kite by __________
—Yes, I made it all alone.
A. yourself B. myself C. himself D. herself
4. Children, help __________ to some fruit.
A. yourself B. you C. yourselves D. yours
5. My sister taught __________ English.
A. she B. her C. herself D. hers
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The girl can take care of __________ (she) when her parents are out.
2. I want to make a model plane by __________ (I).
3. They told __________ (they) to never give up.
4. Look at the cat. It is washing __________ (it).
三、短文填空
DIY means "Do It 1. __________ (you)". It is very popular now. Last week, our teacher asked us to make something by 2. __________ (we). I decided to make a card for my mother. I bought some paper and coloured pencils 3. __________ (me). First, I cut the paper into a heart shape. Be careful with the scissors, or you may hurt 4. __________ (you). Then, I drew some flowers on it. My friend Tom made a bird house 5. __________ (him). He painted it blue. We all enjoyed 6. __________ (we) in the class. When I gave the card to my mother, she was very happy. She said the card 7. __________ (it) was beautiful, but the love in it was more important. I think we can learn a lot from teaching 8. __________ (we) new skills. Do you like making things by 9. __________ (you)
参考答案：
一、1-5 CDACC
二、1. herself 2. myself 3. themselves 4. itself
三、1. Yourself 2. ourselves 3. myself 4. yourself 5. himself 6. ourselves 7. itself 8. ourselves 9. yourself/yourselves
Unit 7 Ways to be healthy
三、祈使句
考点1 含义与功能
祈使句用于表达建议、命令、请求、劝告、警告或禁止。祈使句通常省略主语 you，以动词原形开头。 [8]
考点2 句式结构
肯定句： 动词原形 + 其他。
例：Play a game and have fun. (玩个游戏，开心一下。) [8]
例：Be careful! (小心！)
否定句： Don't + 动词原形 + 其他。
例：Don't stay up late. (不要熬夜。) [8]
例：Don't worry about me. (别担心我。) [9]
Let 开头的祈使句：
肯定：Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他。
例：Let's do it. (我们做吧。) [7]
否定：Let's not + 动词原形。
例：Let's not tell him. (我们别告诉他。)
考点3 礼貌表达
为了表示客气，常在句首或句末加 please。句末加 please 时，通常用逗号隔开。
例：Please open the door. / Open the door, please.
【拓展】No + 名词/V-ing
这种结构常用在公共场所表示禁止。
例：No photos! (禁止拍照！) / No smoking! (禁止吸烟！)
Unit 7 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. __________ spend too much time on your mobile phone.
A. Not B. No C. Don't D. Doesn't
2. __________ late for school again, Tom.
A. Don't B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not
3. Let's __________ fresh fruit instead of candies.
A. eat B. eating C. to eat D. eats
4. __________ quiet! The baby is sleeping.
A. Is B. Keep C. To keep D. Keeping
5. __________ cross the road when the traffic light is red.
A. Do B. Please C. Can't D. Don't
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. __________ (open) the window and let the fresh air in.
2. __________ (not play) football in the street. It's dangerous.
3. Let him __________ (go) now.
4. __________ (put) your phone away before bedtime.
三、短文填空
To keep healthy, we should have good habits. First, 1. __________ (have) a balanced diet. 2. __________ (eat) more vegetables and fruit. 3. __________ (not eat) too much junk food. Second, exercise is important. 4. __________ (play) sports for at least one hour every day. 5. __________ (go) for a walk after dinner. Third, getting enough sleep is also necessary. 6. __________ (not stay) up late. 7. __________ (go) to bed early and get up early. Finally, 8. __________ (be) happy every day. 9. __________ (keep) these rules in mind, and you will be healthy.
参考答案：
一、1-5 CBABD
二、1. Open 2. Don't play 3. go 4. Put
三、1. have 2. Eat 3. Don't eat 4. Play 5. Go 6. Don't stay 7. Go 8. be 9. Keep (注意句首首字母大写)
Unit 8 I love nature!
四、简单句的句子结构
考点1 基本概念
简单句是指只包含一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子。本单元主要介绍了三种基本的句型结构：SV, SVO, SP。
考点2 三种基本句型
句型缩写 结构名称 说明 例句
SV 主语 + 谓语 谓语是不及物动词(vi.)，后面不接宾语，但常接状语。 The elephants are sleeping. (大象正在睡觉。) [10]
They ate in the fields. [11]
SVO 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 谓语是及物动词(vt.)，后面必须接宾语意义才完整。 I love the forest. (我爱森林。) [11]
China protects wildlife. [10]
SP 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 系动词(Link-V)多为 be 动词，也包括感官动词(look, feel)等。表语说明主语的状态或性质。 The elephants are safe now. (大象现在很安全。) [10]
Trees are important. [12]
【辨析技巧】
- SV: 动词后无动作承受者（宾语）。如：Birds fly.
- SVO: 动词后有动作承受者。如：Birds eat worms.
- SP: 动词是系动词（如 is, am, are, look, sound），后面常接形容词或名词说明主语。如：Birds are beautiful.
Unit 8 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. Identify the sentence structure: "We protect nature."
A. SV B. SVO C. SP D. SVOO
2. Identify the sentence structure: "The baby is crying."
A. SV B. SVO C. SP D. SVOO
3. Identify the sentence structure: "The leaves turn yellow."
A. SV B. SVO C. SP D. SVOO
4. Which sentence belongs to "SVO" structure
A. He runs fast. B. She is a teacher. C. We plant trees. D. The flower smells sweet.
5. Which sentence belongs to "SP" structure
A. I like pandas. B. The panda looks cute. C. Pandas eat bamboo. D. Pandas live in China.
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Plants __________ (be) important to us. (SP structure)
2. We should __________ (stop) pollution. (SVO structure)
3. The sun __________ (shine) brightly yesterday. (SV structure)
4. The music __________ (sound) wonderful. (SP structure)
三、短文填空
Nature is our home. We 1. __________ (love) nature (SVO). It provides us with air, water and food. However, some animals 2. __________ (be) in danger (SP). For example, Asian elephants 3. __________ (lose) their homes (SVO). They 4. __________ (need) our help (SVO). We should 5. __________ (protect) them (SVO). We can 6. __________ (plant) more trees (SVO). Trees 7. __________ (make) the air clean (SVO+OC). Nature 8. __________ (be) beautiful (SP). Let's 9. __________ (live) in harmony with nature (SV).
参考答案：
一、1-5 BACCB
二、1. are 2. stop 3. shone 4. sounds/sounded
三、1. love 2. are 3. lose/are losing 4. need 5. protect 6. plant 7. make 8. is 9. live冀教版英语七年级下册 Unit 1-4 重点语法归纳
Unit 1 A trip to the Silk Road
一、一般将来时
考点1 含义与用法
一般将来时表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如 tomorrow, next week/month/year, in the future, soon, in + 时间段（例如 in two days）等。
考点2 句式结构
一般将来时主要有两种构成形式：will + 动词原形 和 be going to + 动词原形。
1. will 的句式结构
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + will + 动词原形 + 其他 We will learn about Chinese history.
否定句 主语 + will not (won't) + 动词原形 + 其他 I won't miss the trip.
一般疑问句 Will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 —Will you go to Xi'an
—Yes, I will. / No, I won't.
2. be going to 的句式结构
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + be (am/is/are) going to + 动词原形 Our school is going to plan a trip.
否定句 主语 + be + not + going to + 动词原形 He is not going to swim tomorrow.
一般疑问句 Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 —Are you going to visit the museum
—Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
【辨析】will 与 be going to 的区别：
1. will 多用于表示单纯的将来，或说话时临时做出的决定。也可用于表示意愿、承诺。
2. be going to 多用于表示计划、打算要做的事，或者根据目前的迹象推测极有可能发生的事（如：Look at the clouds. It is going to rain.）。
【拓展】There be 句型的将来时：
There will be... 或 There is/are going to be...
例：There will be a meeting tomorrow. (明天将有一个会议。)
Unit 1 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. My uncle __________ to see me next week.
A. comes B. came C. will come D. is coming
2. —What are you going to do this Sunday
—I __________ a trip to the Silk Road.
A. plan B. am going to plan C. planned D. will planning
3. There __________ a football match on TV this evening.
A. is going to have B. will be C. is going to be D. Both B and C
4. I believe everything __________ better in the future.
A. is B. was C. will be D. has been
5. —__________ we walk along the City Wall
—Yes, that sounds like a great idea.
A. Do B. Did C. Shall D. Are
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. We __________ (visit) the Terracotta Warriors tomorrow morning.
2. Look at the black clouds. It __________ (rain) soon.
3. Next month, my family __________ (go) to Dunhuang.
4. He __________ (not leave) until you come back.
三、短文填空
Next week, our class is going on a 1. __________ (旅行) to Xi'an. We are all very excited. We 2. __________ (will) take the train there. On the first day, we will 3. __________ (visit) the Bell Tower. It is in the center of the city. Then we are going to 4. __________ (walk) along the ancient City Wall. It has a long 5. __________ (history). On the second day, we will go to see the Terracotta Warriors. They are famous all over the world. We will 6. __________ (learn) a lot about Chinese culture. I plan 7. __________ (take) many photos. I think the trip 8. __________ (be) wonderful. I really look 9. __________ (forward) to it.
参考答案：
一、1-5 CBDCC
二、1. will visit / are going to visit 2. is going to rain 3. will go / are going to go 4. won't leave
三、1. trip 2. will 3. visit 4. walk 5. history 6. learn 7. to take 8. will be 9. forward
Unit 2 School life
二、一般过去时 (一)—— 规则动词
考点1 含义与用法
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last night/week/year, ...ago (e.g., two days ago), in 2020, just now 等。
考点2 规则动词过去式的构成
规则 原形 过去式
一般情况 直接加 -ed play → played, visit → visited
以不发音的字母e结尾 直接加 -d like → liked, hope → hoped
以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i，再加 -ed study → studied, worry → worried
重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -ed stop → stopped, plan → planned
【易错点】读音规则：
- 清辅音后读 /t/ (如 helped)
- 浊辅音和元音后读 /d/ (如 played)
- t, d 后读 / d/ (如 visited, needed)
考点3 句式结构 (实义动词)
肯定句： 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。
例：I watched TV yesterday evening.
否定句： 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他。
例：I didn't watch TV yesterday evening.
一般疑问句： Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？
例：—Did you watch TV
—Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.
Unit 2 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. We __________ a sports meeting in our school last week.
A. have B. had C. will have D. are having
2. —Did you play basketball yesterday
—No, I __________. I studied for the math test.
A. don't B. didn't C. won't D. am not
3. Tom __________ his room and __________ his homework last Sunday.
A. cleaned; finished B. clean; finish C. cleaned; finish D. cleans; finishes
4. They __________ to the park because it rained heavily.
A. didn't went B. don't go C. didn't go D. not go
5. __________ he visit his grandparents two days ago
A. Does B. Did C. Is D. Was
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Last term, I __________ (win) first place in the long jump.
2. We __________ (visit) the museum yesterday.
3. She __________ (not like) piano lessons when she was young.
4. __________ you __________ (enjoy) your school trip last week
三、短文填空
Last week was busy but happy. On Monday, I 1. __________ (start) my school day early. I 2. __________ (have) math, English and art. In the art class, I 3. __________ (paint) a picture of my school. On Tuesday afternoon, there 4. __________ (be) a football match. Our team 5. __________ (play) very well. We 6. __________ (cheer) for them loudly. On Wednesday, I 7. __________ (help) my teacher in the library. I 8. __________ (learn) how to put books in order. I really 9. __________ (love) my school life.
参考答案：
一、1-5 BBACB
二、1. won (注意win是不规则，但在本单元语境中常作为整体学习) 2. visited 3. didn't like 4. Did; enjoy
三、1. started 2. had 3. painted 4. was 5. played 6. cheered 7. helped 8. learned/learnt 9. loved
Unit 3 After-school activities
三、频度副词
考点1 常见频度副词
表示动作发生的频率。常见的频度副词按频率从高到低排列如下：
always (总是, 100%) > usually (通常, 80%) > often (经常, 60%) > sometimes (有时, 40%) > seldom (很少, 10%) > never (从不, 0%)
考点2 频度副词的位置
通常放在行为动词（实义动词）之前。
例：I usually play chess after school.
放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。
例：He is never late for school.
例：I can sometimes help you.
Exceptions: Sometimes 也可以放在句首或句末，表示强调。
考点3 对频度提问
使用 How often (多久一次) 进行提问。
例：—How often do you exercise
—I exercise three times a week.
【注意】其他表示频率的短语：
once a week (一周一次), twice a month (一月两次), three times a year (一年三次), every day (每天)。
注意：一次用 once，两次用 twice，三次及以上用 基数词 + times。
Unit 3 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. I like reading. I __________ go to the library after school.
A. never B. seldom C. often D. hardly
2. —__________ do you play the violin
—Twice a week.
A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How soon
3. Danny is very active. He __________ stays at home on weekends.
A. always B. usually C. seldom D. often
4. My father __________ walks to work. He thinks it's good for health.
A. usually B. never C. seldom D. sometimes
5. He is __________ late for class because he gets up very early.
A. always B. usually C. often D. never
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Jenny __________ (usually) does her homework before dinner.
2. They play football __________ (two) a week.
3. We __________ (be) always ready to help others.
4. I go to the cinema __________ (one) a month.
三、短文填空
My name is Li Ming. I have many 1. __________ (hobby). I like sports very much. I 2. __________ (always) play basketball with my friends after school. It keeps me 3. __________ (healthy). I also like music. I 4. __________ (sometimes) play the erhu on weekends. My friend Danny is different. He 5. __________ (seldom) exercises. He likes eating donuts. He eats them 6. __________ (every) day! But now he wants to change. He decides to join the swimming club. He goes swimming 7. __________ (twice) a week now. I 8. __________ (often) go with him. We have a lot of 9. __________ (fun) together.
参考答案：
一、1-5 CBCAD
二、1. usually 2. twice 3. are 4. once
三、1. hobbies 2. always 3. healthy 4. sometimes 5. seldom 6. every 7. twice 8. often 9. fun
Unit 4 My friends
四、一般过去时 (二) —— 不规则动词
考点1 不规则动词的变化
许多常用动词的过去式是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。本单元涉及的常见不规则动词如下：
原形 过去式 原形 过去式
am/is was are were
go went do/does did
have/has had come came
get got take took
see saw eat ate
buy bought bring brought
write wrote know knew
say said find found
hear heard leave left
lose lost give gave
【注意】 虽然动词过去式不规则，但其否定句和疑问句的结构与规则动词相同，都需要借助助动词 did，且谓语动词还原为原形。
考点2 句式结构回顾
肯定句： He went to the park yesterday.
否定句： He didn't go to the park yesterday. (注意 go 还原)
一般疑问句： Did he go to the park yesterday (注意 go 还原)
Unit 4 过关斩将
一、单项选择
1. I __________ a letter to my friend last night.
A. writes B. wrote C. write D. writing
2. —Did you find your lost pen
—Yes, I __________ it under the desk.
A. find B. founded C. found D. finded
3. He __________ his homework at school yesterday, but he left it at home today.
A. brings B. brought C. bring D. bringing
4. We __________ a good time at the party last Sunday.
A. have B. has C. had D. having
5. —__________ you see the movie last night
—No, I __________ busy.
A. Did; was B. Do; am C. Were; was D. Did; did
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. My father __________ (buy) me a new bike for my birthday last week.
2. I __________ (not know) the answer yesterday, but I know it now.
3. She __________ (leave) the room ten minutes ago.
4. What __________ you __________ (eat) for lunch yesterday
三、短文填空
A long time ago, there were two friends. One day, they 1. __________ (go) through a desert. They had an argument (争吵), and one friend 2. __________ (hit) the other in the face. The one who got hit 3. __________ (feel) hurt, but he 4. __________ (say) nothing. He 5. __________ (write) in the sand, "Today my best friend hit me." They 6. __________ (keep) on walking and found an oasis (绿洲). The one who got hit fell into the water. His friend 7. __________ (save) him. After he recovered, he wrote on a stone, "Today my best friend saved my life." He 8. __________ (know) that we should forget the bad things but 9. __________ (remember) the good things.
参考答案：
一、1-5 BCBCA
二、1. bought 2. didn't know 3. left 4. did; eat
三、1. went 2. hit 3. felt 4. said 5. wrote 6. kept 7. saved 8. knew 9. remember (注意：此处表道理，或者是语境转换，如果全篇过去时可填remembered，但原故事寓意部分常转为一般现在时，不过根据上下文动作连贯性，填remembered也可，填remember表示观点亦可。根据初一水平，填 remembered 保持时态一致更稳妥；若视为"taught him to remember"，则填 remember。) *注：根据教材原文语境，此题填 remembered。*

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