资源简介 科普版英语7年级下册 Unit 10-12 重点语法归纳Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand一、物主代词考点1：形容词性与名词性物主代词的区别物主代词分为形容词性物主代词（置于名词前作定语）和名词性物主代词（单独使用，相当于“形容词性物主代词 + 名词”）。人称 形容词性(后接名词) 名词性(单独使用) 汉语意思单数 第一人称 my mine 我的第二人称 your yours 你的第三人称 his his 他的her hers 她的its its 它的复数 第一人称 our ours 我们的第二人称 your yours 你们的第三人称 their theirs 他们的【注意】 名词性物主代词在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，后面不能再接名词。This is my book. = This book is mine. (这是我的书。/ 这本书是我的。)Your bike is red, and hers is black. (你的自行车是红色的，她的是黑色的。)【拓展】 双重所有格结构：a friend of mine (我的一个朋友)，不能说 a friend of me。二、一般过去时 II考点1：be动词的过去式be动词的过去式是 was (am/is 的过去式) 和 were (are 的过去式)。肯定句： I was at home yesterday. (我昨天在家。)否定句： They were not (weren't) happy. (他们不开心。)一般疑问句： — Were you in Shanghai last week — Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.考点2：实义动词的过去式疑问句借助助动词 did 构成疑问句和否定句。注意：使用 did 后，动词要还原为原形。一般疑问句： — Did you help clean up the park — Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.特殊疑问句： What did you do there (你在那里做了什么？)Unit 10 过关斩将一、单项选择This isn't my dictionary. ________ is in the bag.A. My B. Mine C. Me D. I— Is this ________ pen — No, it's not ________. It's ________.A. your; my; her B. yours; mine; hers C. your; mine; hers D. yours; my; her— Where ________ you yesterday morning — I ________ at the community center.A. was; was B. were; was C. were; were D. was; wereThey ________ medical services to the villagers last weekend.A. provide B. provides C. provided D. providing— Did you finish your homework — ________.A. Yes, I did B. Yes, I do C. No, I don't D. No, I wasn't二、用所给词的适当形式填空We ________ (join) in a volunteer activity to clean up the park yesterday.My bag is heavy, but ________ (he) is light.— Whose book is this — It's ________ (our).________ (be) your parents at home last Sunday 三、短文填空Last Sunday, our class went to the Old People's Home to do volunteer work. We 1. ________ (meet) at the school gate at 8:00 a.m. We went there by bus. When we 2. ________ (arrive), the old people were very happy. Some students swept the floor and 3. ________ (clean) the windows. Some students 4. ________ (wash) clothes for them. I 5. ________ (chat) with a grandpa. He told 6. ________ (I) many interesting stories about the past. We also sang songs and 7. ________ (dance) for them. Everyone 8. ________ (be) tired but happy. We think it is meaningful to help 9. ________ (other).【参考答案】一、单项选择: 1-5 BCBCA二、适当形式填空: 1. joined 2. his 3. ours 4. Were三、短文填空: 1. met 2. arrived 3. cleaned 4. washed 5. chatted 6. me 7. danced 8. was 9. othersUnit 11 Rules Matter!一、反身代词考点1：反身代词的构成与用法表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身，意为“……自己”。人称 单数 (-self) 复数 (-selves)第一人称 myself (我自己) ourselves (我们自己)第二人称 yourself (你自己) yourselves (你们自己)第三人称 himself (他自己)herself (她自己)itself (它自己) themselves (他们/她们/它们自己)考点2：常用短语enjoy oneself (玩得高兴) = have a good timehelp oneself to... (随便吃/喝……)teach oneself (自学) = learn by oneselfby oneself (独自地) = alonelearn by oneself (自学)Take care of yourselves. (照顾好你们自己。)二、情态动词 (must & should)考点1：must 与 mustn'tmust: 表示“必须”、“一定要”，通常指强制性的义务或命令。You must follow the traffic rules. (你必须遵守交通规则。)mustn't (must not): 表示“禁止”、“千万不能”，语气强烈。You mustn't play football in the street. (禁止在街上踢足球。)考点2：should 与 shouldn'tshould: 表示“应该”，提出建议或劝告。We should respect the old. (我们应该尊敬老人。)shouldn't (should not): 表示“不应该”。You shouldn't be late for school. (你不应该上学迟到。)【易错点】 情态动词后必须接动词原形。Unit 11 过关斩将一、单项选择We ________ eat in the classroom. It's against the school rules.A. can B. must C. mustn't D. needYou have a fever. You ________ see a doctor.A. should B. shouldn't C. can't D. mustn'tThe boy is too young to look after ________.A. he B. him C. his D. himself— Who taught you Japanese — Nobody. I taught ________.A. me B. my C. myself D. mineHelp ________ to some fish, kids.A. yourself B. you C. yours D. yourselves二、用所给词的适当形式填空We enjoyed ________ (we) at the party last night.She usually learns English by ________ (she).Students must ________ (listen) to the teacher carefully in class.You shouldn't ________ (make) so much noise in the library.三、短文填空Rules are everywhere. In the library, we must keep 1. ________ (quiet). We shouldn't talk loudly 2. ________ eat food. On the road, we must look at the traffic 3. ________. Red means "Stop" and green means "Go". We must wait 4. ________ the green light. At school, students 5. ________ (should) wear school uniforms. We shouldn't arrive late 6. ________ class. At home, we should help our parents do housework. We can clean our rooms by 7. ________ (we). Rules help us live a safe and happy life. We must 8. ________ (follow) them. If everyone follows the rules, the world will become much 9. ________ (good).【参考答案】一、单项选择: 1-5 CADCD二、适当形式填空: 1. ourselves 2. herself 3. listen 4. make三、短文填空: 1. quiet 2. or 3. lights 4. for 5. should 6. for 7. ourselves 8. follow 9. betterUnit 12 Better Together一、副词的构成 (-ly)考点1：形容词变副词的规则许多副词是由“形容词 + 后缀 -ly”构成的，用来修饰动词。规则 例词一般情况直接加 -ly quick → quickly (迅速地)loud → loudly (大声地)clear → clearly (清晰地)以辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 -ly happy → happily (快乐地)heavy → heavily (沉重地/猛烈地)以 le 结尾，去 e 加 y terrible → terribly (糟糕地)gentle → gently (温柔地)【注意】 1. hard, fast, late, early 等词的形容词和副词同形，不需要加 -ly。2. good 的副词是 well。二、连词 (and, but, or)考点1：基本用法辨析and: 表示“和”、“并且”，用于肯定句中连接并列成分（单词、短语或句子），表示顺承或增补关系。He played soccer and basketball.but: 表示“但是”、“可是”，用于连接两个意思转折或对比的句子或成分。We tried our best, but we lost the game.or:1. 表示“或者”，用于选择疑问句。2. 表示“也不”，用于否定句中代替 and 连接并列成分。Do you like tea or coffee (你喜欢茶还是咖啡？)I don't like singing or dancing. (我不喜欢唱歌也不喜欢跳舞。)Unit 12 过关斩将一、单项选择The children are playing ________ on the playground.A. happy B. happily C. happiness D. unhappyIt is raining ________ outside. You'd better stay at home.A. heavy B. heavier C. heavily D. heavylyI like apples ________ bananas, but I don't like oranges.A. and B. or C. but D. so— Would you like some milk ________ coffee — Coffee, please.A. and B. but C. or D. soHe worked very hard, ________ he didn't win the prize.A. and B. but C. or D. so二、用所给词的适当形式填空Please listen to the teacher ________ (careful).They cheered for their team ________ (loud).He speaks English very ________ (good).The problem is difficult, but we can solve it ________ (easy) if we work together.三、短文填空Last week, we had a football match. Our team played against Class 3. At first, we played 1. ________ (badly). We couldn't pass the ball 2. ________ (correct). Our teacher cheered us 3. ________. He said, "Don't give up! Work together!" Then, we calmed down and played 4. ________ (careful). Li Xiang ran very 5. ________ (fast) and kicked the ball into the goal. We were very excited 6. ________ shouted loudly. Class 3 tried their best, 7. ________ they lost the game in the end. We won! Teamwork is very important. Alone we can do so little; 8. ________ (together) we can do so much. We should learn to work 9. ________ others.【参考答案】一、单项选择: 1-5 BCACB二、适当形式填空: 1. carefully 2. loudly 3. well 4. easily三、短文填空: 1. badly 2. correctly 3. on 4. carefully 5. fast 6. and 7. but 8. together 9. with科普版英语7年级下册 Unit 7-9 重点语法归纳Unit 7 Being a Smart Shopper一、疑问词 How many 与 How much 的用法考点1：How many 与 How much 的区别这两个词组都表示“多少”，用于询问数量，但用法不同。疑问词组 用法 例句How many 后接可数名词复数 — How many apples do we need — We need six apples.How much 后接不可数名词 — How much milk is there in the glass — Only a little.【注意】 回答 How many 提问时，通常用具体数字；回答 How much 提问时，常用容器或度量单位（如 a bag of, two bottles of）来表示。考点2：How much 询问价格How much 还可以用来询问物品的价格，意为“多少钱”。句型结构： How much + is/are + 商品 How much is this blue shirt = What is the price of this blue shirt (这件蓝衬衫多少钱？)How much are these socks (这双袜子多少钱？)【拓展】 询问价格的回答通常是 "It is / They are + 金额"。二、量词的表达考点1：不可数名词的数量表达不可数名词不能直接与数词连用，需要通过“数词 + 单位词/容器词 + of + 不可数名词”来表示。a bag of rice (一袋米)two bottles of milk (两瓶牛奶)three kilos of meat (三公斤肉)a piece of bread (一片面包)【易错点】 在这种结构中，若数量大于1，单位词/容器词要变复数，但后面的不可数名词不变。例如：two boxes of honey (两盒蜂蜜)。三、购物常用表达 (Shopping Expressions)Can I help you / May I help you / What can I do for you (我能为您做点什么吗？/ 您想要买什么？)I want to buy... / I'd like... (我想买……)How much is it (多少钱？)I'll take it. (我买了。)Here you are. (给你。)Unit 7 过关斩将一、单项选择— ________ bread do we need — We need three pieces.A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How old— ________ bottles of water are there in the box — There are twelve.A. How much B. How many C. What D. WhereI want to buy two ________ of salt.A. bag B. bags C. box D. pieces— Can I help you — Yes, I'd like ________ apples.A. any B. some C. a D. anThe shoes are nice. I'll ________ them.A. take B. want C. need D. like二、用所给词的适当形式填空How much ________ (meat) does your mother want to buy There are three ________ (kilo) of strawberries in the basket.He needs two ________ (pair) of socks for school.________ (be) there any orange juice in the fridge 三、短文填空My mother is a smart shopper. She always makes a shopping 1. ________ before she goes to the supermarket. Today, she needs to buy some food for dinner. First, she goes to the vegetable section. She buys two 2. ________ (kilo) of potatoes and some tomatoes. Then, she goes to buy some fruit. She asks, " 3. ________ much are the bananas " The clerk says they are 3.5 yuan a kilo. She thinks they are 4. ________ (cheap), so she buys a bunch. She also needs some drinks. She buys three 5. ________ (bottle) of milk and a 6. ________ of orange juice. At last, she wants to buy a dress for me, but she thinks the price is too 7. ________ (expensive), so she decides not to buy it. She pays 8. ________ the food and goes home happily. She saves a lot of 9. ________ today.【参考答案】一、单项选择: 1-5 BBBBA二、适当形式填空: 1. meat 2. kilos 3. pairs 4. Is三、短文填空: 1. list 2. kilos 3. How 4. cheap 5. bottles 6. bottle/box/carton 7. high/expensive 8. for 9. moneyUnit 8 Our Blue Planet一、数字的表达考点1：基数词的读法与写法大数字的读法： 英语中每三位数字为一个单位，从右向左第一个逗号读 thousand (千)，第二个逗号读 million (百万)，第三个逗号读 billion (十亿)。6,671 → six thousand, six hundred and seventy-one45,390 → forty-five thousand, three hundred and ninety【注意】 hundred, thousand, million, billion 前面有具体数字修饰时，不加 -s；但当它们表示不确定的数量（如：成百上千）时，用复数形式加 of，如：thousands of people。二、度量衡的表达考点：长、宽、高、深的表达结构： 基数词 + 单位 (meter/kilometer...) + 形容词 (long/wide/high/deep/tall)The Nile River is 6,671 kilometers long. (尼罗河长6671千米。)Huangguoshu Waterfall is about 77.8 meters high. (黄果树瀑布高约77.8米。)【易错点】 对长度、宽度等提问用 How long / How wide / How high 等。三、祈使句考点1：祈使句的功能与结构祈使句用于表示命令、请求、建议、劝告或禁止。通常省略主语 you，以动词原形开头。类型 结构 例句肯定句 Do型：动词原形 + 其他 Save every drop of water. (节约每一滴水。)Be型：Be + 形容词/名词 Be quiet, please. (请安静。)Let型：Let sb. do sth. Let us help you. (让我们帮你吧。)否定句 Don't + 动词原形 + 其他 Don't waste water. (不要浪费水。)Let sb. not do / Don't let sb. do Don't let him go. (别让他走。)No + 名词/V-ing (警示语) No swimming. (禁止游泳。)【注意】 为了表示客气，常在句首或句末加 please。加在句末时，要用逗号隔开。Unit 8 过关斩将一、单项选择The Amazon River is about ________ kilometers long.A. 6400 hundreds B. 64 hundred C. 6 thousand and 4 hundred D. 6,400________ play football in the street. It's dangerous.A. Not B. Don't C. Doesn't D. NoPlease ________ the lights when you leave the room.A. turn off B. turn on C. turns off D. turned off— ________ is the Great Wall — It's about 21,196 kilometers long.A. How far B. How long C. How high D. How deep________ quiet! The baby is sleeping.A. Is B. Being C. Be D. To be二、用所给词的适当形式填空It is important for us ________ (protect) the earth.Let's ________ (make) a poster for World Water Day.________ (not throw) rubbish into the river.There are ________ (million) of stars in the sky.三、短文填空Water is very important to us. We use it to cook, wash clothes and clean our houses. But on our blue planet, 97 1. ________ (percent) of the water is salty water in the oceans. We can't drink it. Only a little water is fresh water. So we must 2. ________ (save) every drop of water. Here are some tips. First, take a 3. ________ (quick) shower instead of a bath. Second, turn 4. ________ the tap when you brush your teeth. Third, 5. ________ (use) the water for washing vegetables to water flowers. Don't 6. ________ (litter) into rivers or lakes. We should protect our water resources (资源). If we don't save water, the 7. ________ (last) drop of water will be our tear. Let's take action 8. ________ now on. We can make a 9. ________ (different) to the world.【参考答案】一、单项选择: 1-5 DBABC二、适当形式填空: 1. to protect 2. make 3. Don't throw 4. millions三、短文填空: 1. percent 2. save 3. quick 4. off 5. use/reuse 6. litter 7. last 8. from 9. differenceUnit 9 From Here to There一、方位介词考点1：常见方位介词辨析on the corner of...：在……的拐角处（街道交汇处）。across from...：在……对面（通常指隔着街道）。between... and...：在……和……之间（两者之间）。next to / beside：在……旁边，紧邻。in front of：在……（外部的）前面。behind：在……后面。【拓展】 in the front of 表示在……（内部的）前部。例如：The teacher stands in the front of the classroom. (老师站在教室的前面[教室里])。二、问路与指路 (Asking for and Giving Directions)考点1：常用句型问路：Excuse me, is there a bank near here Excuse me, where is the post office Can you tell me the way to... / How can I get to... 指路：Go along/down this road. (沿着这条路走。)Turn left/right at the first crossing. (在第一个十字路口向左/右转。)It's on your left/right. (它在你的左/右边。)Go past the hospital. (路过医院。)三、一般过去时考点1：含义与用法表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last night, two days ago, just now, in 2010 等。考点2：动词过去式的构成 (规则变化)规则 原形 过去式一般情况 visitwatch visitedwatched以不发音字母 e 结尾 livelike livedliked辅音字母 + y 结尾 studycry studiedcried重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母 stopplan stoppedplanned考点3：常见不规则动词过去式 (需记忆)本单元涉及：begin - began, take - took, say - said, teach - taught, go - went, see - saw, have - had, do - did。【注意】 一般过去时的肯定句结构：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。例如：We visited the Great Wall last year.Unit 9 过关斩将一、单项选择— Excuse me, is there a library near here — Yes. Go ________ this street and turn right.A. straight B. along C. long D. awayThe bookshop is ________ the school and the hospital.A. among B. between C. in D. onI ________ a very interesting movie last night.A. watch B. watches C. watched D. watchingWe ________ to the park and had a picnic yesterday.A. go B. went C. goes D. going— Where is the post office — It's ________ the corner of Center Street.A. in B. at C. to D. on二、用所给词的适当形式填空My father ________ (buy) a new car three days ago.Look! The bank is across from the ________ (build).They ________ (plan) to visit the zoo last Sunday.— Who ________ (teach) you English last term — Ms. Li.三、短文填空Last summer holiday, Li Xiang 1. ________ (go) to Beijing with his parents. They 2. ________ (take) a train there. It was their first time to visit Beijing. On the first day, they visited the Palace Museum. It is in the center 3. ________ Beijing. It 4. ________ (be) very large and beautiful. They took many 5. ________ (photo) there. The next day, they got up early and 6. ________ (climb) the Great Wall. There were many people on it. Li Xiang was tired but 7. ________ (excite). On the third day, they went shopping in Wangfujing Street. Li Xiang bought some gifts 8. ________ his friends. They 9. ________ (have) a great time in Beijing.【参考答案】一、单项选择: 1-5 BBCBD二、适当形式填空: 1. bought 2. building 3. planned 4. taught三、短文填空: 1. went 2. took 3. of 4. was 5. photos 6. climbed 7. excited 8. for 9. had 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 科普版英语7年级下册 Unit 10-12 重点语法归纳.docx 科普版英语7年级下册 Unit 7-9 重点语法归纳.docx
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