资源简介

人教版（2019）必修一
Reading and Thinking Explore Peru
Unit 2 Travelling Around
Learning objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
explore Peru by viewing and reading;
learn about the differences between encyclopedia and brochure;
recognise the types of two texts about Peru;
learn some new words and expressions and use them in context.
n. 资料（或广告）手册
Lead-in
It’s a country with the world’s longest mountain range, largest rainforest, oldest settlements, and great ancient civilisation. It’s a country with coasts, highlands, and jungles. You can trek through hot, humid jungles one day, and cold arid glaciers the next. There are many famous attractions as follows:
Peru
Guess which country it is.
Amazon Rainforest
Machu Picchu
n. 文明；文明世界
Peru is the fourth largest country in South America, and borders with Ecuador, Columbia, Brazil, Bolivia and Chile. Its capital is Lima. Lima is a nice place, mixed with colonial (殖民的) architecture and modern architecture.
n. 建筑设计；建筑学
Peru
A member of the group of Quechuan peoples (克丘亚部落) of highland Peru who established an empire from northern Ecuador to central Chile before the Spanish conquest (征服). The Inca ruins of Peru are perhaps most responsible for attracting curious visitors, most of whom come to see Machu Picchu. The sun was the basis for the Inca religion.
Although the Andean civilization (安第斯文明) had no writing or wheels, many things, such as the magnificent Machu Picchu palace buildings, the ancient city of Cuzco, the Nazca Lines (纳斯卡地画), as well as the beautiful gold and silver products, all shine with the light of wisdom.
Inca Culture
Pre-reading
Watch the video Welcome to Peru and answer the questions.
1. What did you see in the video?
I saw the Andes Mountains, the Amazon rainforest, Cusco city, Machu Picchu, and Lake Titicaca in the video. I wish I could learn more about the people of Peru.
2. What other sources of information can you find about Peru?
books (encyclopedia, travel guidebooks), Internet (travel websites), travel brochures, friends, travel agents, TV or radio programmes, posters, blogs, newspapers and magazines ...
n. 来源；出处
安第斯山脉
亚马孙雨林
库斯科（秘鲁城市）
的的喀喀湖
While-reading
Look through the two texts about Peru on the book quickly. What types of text are they: encyclopedia or brochure?
Encyclopedia
An encyclopedia entry is usually informative in nature. While it may present all the basic facts about a subject, good and bad, its tone will be neutral, impersonal and objective. Through an encyclopedia entry, you may learn all the basic facts you need to know about a country, but nothing about what it is like to experience going to a country.
百科全书
Brochure
A travel brochure is by nature highly subjective. It will present only a selection of good points about a place, making an effort to help the reader imagine what it is like to visit the country, and in an effort to persuade the reader to book a holiday.
手册
PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest.
In the 1400s and 1500s, Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire. The Inca emperor lived in the now-famous site Machu Picchu. Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
Recognise text type
Before you read, look through the text quickly for titles, headers, pictures, charts, and any other information that might tell you what type of text it is.
adj. 狭窄的 vi. & vt. （使）变窄
n. 皇帝
n. 地点；位置；现场
控制；接管
Read the first text and identify the type.
{00A15C55-8517-42AA-B614-E9B94910E393}Location
Geographic characteristic
(3 main areas)
1.
2.
3.
History
in the 1400s and 1500s
from the 1500s to 1821
Language
On the Pacific coast of South America
Narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast
The Andes Mountains
The Amazon rainforest
The centre of the ancient Inca Empire
Spain took control of Peru
Spanish
Finish the table below about Peru according to the first text.
Read the second text and identify the type.
TRAVEL PERU
A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest.
n. 空中航行；航班；航程
n. 住处；停留处；膳宿
adj. 唯一的；独特的；特有的
This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountain on the way to the city of Machu Picchu. After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco, the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until thee 16th century. Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets.
So come and experience what Peru has to offer: everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries-old Spanish villages to deep rainforests, high mountains, and a beautiful coastline.
For more brochures about other package tours around Peru, please contact us on our official website.
brochure
n. 包裹；包装盒 vt. 将……包装好
vt. 联络；联系 n. 联系；接触
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca. There, a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days. Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake.
乌鲁斯人
1. Amazon Rainforest Tour
2. Machu Picchu Tour
3.?Cusco?Tour
4.?Lake Titicaca?Tour
A. Countryside sights
B. Unique Spanish and local Indian
culture
C. The ancient city with Incas’ dry stone
buildings
D. Unique plants and animals
Match the following tours with their special features.
{00A15C55-8517-42AA-B614-E9B94910E393}Place
Amazon Rainforest
Machu Picchu
Cusco
Lake Titicaca
Number of days
4 days
Transport
Accommodation
local home
Activity
boating, hiking, exploring nature
4 days
4 days
4 days
flight, boat
walking
car, boat
in the middle of the
forest
local hotel
walking in the
Mountains, exploring the ancient city
visiting the museums,
admiring the architecture, enjoying the local food, and shopping at the local markets
enjoying the beautiful
countryside,
staying with local family
Fill in the table below according to the second text.
source /s??s/ n. 来源；出处
【教材语境】What other sources of information can you find about Peru? (P26)
你还能找到哪些关于秘鲁的信息来源？
narrow /?n?r??/ adj. 狭窄的 vi. & vt. （使）变窄
【教材语境】... narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast ... (P26)
……狭长、干燥、平坦的沿海地区……
The bridge is too narrow for the cars to pass. 这座桥太窄了，汽车无法通过。
a narrow escape 死里逃生
He had a narrow escape when a large stone rolled down from the hill suddenly.
一块大石头突然从山上滚下来，他险些被砸到。
词性转换
narrowly adv. 勉强地，以毫厘之差；狭隘地
Words and Expressions
flat /fl?t/ adj. 平坦的 n. 公寓；单元房
【教材语境】... narrow, dry, flat land running along the coast ... (P26)
……狭长、干燥、平坦的沿海地区……
Once inside, I found that the flat would be perfect for my life in Paris.
一到里面，我就发现这套公寓对我在巴黎生活再适合不过了。
powerful /?pa??fl/ adj. 强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的
【教材语境】
In the 1400s and 1500s, Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire. (P26)
在15至16世纪期间，秘鲁曾是强大的古印加帝国的中心。
词性转换
power n. 权力；力量
powerfully adv. 强有力地；有权势地
empire /?empa??(r)/ n. 帝国
【教材语境】In the 1400s and 1500s, Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire. (P26)
在15至16世纪期间，秘鲁曾是强大的古印加帝国的中心。
emperor /?emp?r?(r)/ n. 皇帝
【教材语境】The Inca emperor lived in the now-famous site Machu Picchu. (P26)
印加帝王就住在现闻名于世的马丘比丘。
site /sa?t/ n. 地点；位置；现场
【教材语境】The Inca emperor lived in the now-famous site Machu Picchu. (P26)
印加帝王就住在现闻名于世的马丘比丘。
A guide gives a brief talk on the history of the site.
一位导游就这个遗址的历史作了一次简要的讲述。
take control of 控制；接管
【教材语境】Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. (P26)
西班牙于16世纪开始掌控秘鲁，并一直统治到1821年。
Surely she would take control of the situation; after all, she was a professional.
她肯定会控制住局面，毕竟她是个行家。
There must be someone who can take control of these naughty children.
一定有人能管住这些淘气的孩子。
拓展
in control of 控制……（主语是人）
in the control of 控制……（主语是物）
lose control of 失去对……的控制
be under control 被控制住，处于控制之下
official /??f??l/ adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的 n. 官员；要员
【教材语境】It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru. (P26)
正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁主要官方语言。
词性转换
officially adv. 官方地；正式地
recognise [NAmE -ize] /?rek?ɡna?z/ vt. 辨别出；承认；认可
【教材语境】Recognise text type (P26) 识别文本类型
The machine can recognise handwritten characters and turn them into printed text.
这台机器能识别手写的文字并将其转换为打印文本。
(1) recognise sb/sth by ... 通过……认出某人/某物
I recognised her by her red hair.
我从她的红头发认出了她。
(2) recognise ... as/to be ... 承认/认为……是……
(3) be recognised as 被认为是……，被公认是……
Arthur Miller is recognised as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century.
阿瑟·米勒被认为是20世纪最伟大的剧作家之一。
(4) It is recognised that ... 人们意识到……
It is recognised that bigger institutions will need closer oversight.
我们认识到，规模较大的机构需要更严格的监管。
词性转换
recognition n. 认识，认出；承认
The town has changed beyond recognition since I was last here.
自从我上次离开这里以来，这座小镇已经变得让人认不出来了。
recognisable adj. 容易认出的，易于识别的
type /ta?p/ n. 类型；种类 vi. & vt. 打字
【教材语境】Recognise text type (P26) 识别文本类型
You can use these same principles to test your typing speed.
您可以使用相同的方法来测试打字速度。
词性转换
typical adj. 典型的
flight /fla?t/ n. 空中航行；航班；航程
【教材语境】A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest. (P26)
在库斯科搭乘短程航班会让您从安第斯山脉飞抵亚马孙雨林。
拓展
an international flight 国际航班
accommodation /??k?m??de??n/ n. 住处；停留处；膳宿
【教材语境】From there, you’ll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest. (P26) 您将从那儿乘一天的船前往雨林深处的住宿地。
Accommodation is cheaper if you pre-book it. 预订住宿要便宜些。
词性转换 accommodate v. 为……提供住宿；容纳，提供空间
The school was not big enough to accommodate all the students.
学校没有足够的地方容纳所有的学生。
unique /ju?ni?k/ adj. 唯一的；独特的；特有的
【教材语境】... enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. (P26)
……欣赏雨林特有的动植物。
be unique to ... 是……特有的
These patterns are unique to each person. 这些模式对每个人来说都是独一无二的。
path /pɑ?θ/ n. 小路；路线；道路
【教材语境】This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu. (P26) 四天的徒步旅行，您将沿着奇妙的山径，在安第斯山脉中穿行，直抵马丘比丘市。
destination /?dest??ne??n/ n. 目的地；终点
【教材语境】After reaching your destination, you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. (P26)
到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。
other than 除……以外
【教材语境】Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. (P26) 印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。
admire /?d?ma??(r)/ vt. 钦佩；赞赏
【教材语境】Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets. (P27)
您将入住当地酒店、参观博物馆、观赏建筑物、享受当地的美味佳肴，并在当地集市购物（休闲）。
admire sb for (doing) sth 钦佩/赞赏某人（做）某事
I admire her for her way of solving problems. 我很欣赏她解决问题的方式。
词性转换
admirer n. 赞赏者；爱慕者，追求者
admirable adj. 令人羡慕的，值得赞赏的
admirably adv. 令人赞赏地
admiration n. 钦佩，赞赏
architecture /?ɑ?k?tekt??(r)/ n. 建筑设计；建筑学
architect /?ɑ?k?tekt/ n. 建筑设计师
【教材语境】Stay in a local hotel, visit the museums, admire the architecture, enjoy the excellent local food, and go shopping at the local markets. (P27)
您将入住当地酒店、参观博物馆、观赏建筑物、享受当地的美味佳肴，并在当地集市购物（休闲）。
The architect is drawing up plans for the new offices.
建筑师正在绘制新办公楼的设计图。
brochure /?br????(r); NAmE bro????r/ n. 资料（或广告）手册
【教材语境】For more brochures about other package tours around Peru, Please contact us on our official website. (P27) 如需更多关于秘鲁其他旅游套餐的宣传册，请在官网与我们联系。
package /?p?k?d?/ n. 包裹；包装盒 vt. 将……包装好
package tour 包价旅游
【教材语境】For more brochures about other package tours around Peru, please contact us on our official website. (P27)
如需更多关于秘鲁其他旅游套餐的宣传册，请在官网与我们联系。
contact /?k?nt?kt/ vt. 联络；联系 n. 联系；接触
【教材语境】For more brochures about other package tours around Peru, please contact us on our official website. (P27)
如需更多关于秘鲁其他旅游套餐的宣传册，请在官网与我们联系。
(1) make contact with sb/get into contact with sb 与某人取得联系
I have managed to make contact with an old friend.
我设法与一位老朋友取得了联系。
(2) keep in contact with sb 与某人保持联系
The Internet helps me keep in contact with my friends.
互联网便于我与朋友们保持联系。
(3) lose contact with sb 与某人失去联系
Our volunteers will do their best to lend a helping hand in case your child should walk away and lose contact with you.
如果您和您的孩子走散了或者失去联系，我们的志愿者会全力帮助您。
(4) be in contact with sb 与某人有联系
Have you been in contact with your sister recently? 你近来跟你姐姐有联系吗？
civilisation [NAmE -ization] /?s?v?la??ze??n/ n. 文明；文明世界
【教材语境】There are two especially interesting things to admire about the Inca civilisation. (P27) 印加文明有两件特别有趣的事情值得欣赏。
词性转换 civilize vt. 使文明；教化
make up 构成；形成
【教材语境】These Inca roads were made up of two north-south highways and many small roads crossing the mountains east to west. (P27)
这些印加公路由两条南北的高速公路和许多从东到西穿过山脉的小路组成。
be made up of 由……构成/组成
The committee is made up of representatives from every state.
该委员会由来自每个州的代表组成。
拓展 make up for 弥补，补偿
soldier /?s??ld??(r)/ n. 士兵；军人
【教材语境】The roads were for Inca soldiers and their officials. (P27)
这些路是为印加士兵和他们的官员准备的。
transport /?tr?nsp??t/ n. (especially BrE) (NAmE usually transportation)
交通运输系统
/tr?n?sp??t/ vt. 运输；运送
【教材语境】Transport (P27) 交通工具
As the idea of lower-carbon life is now widely accepted, more and more people travel by public transport.
现在，随着低碳生活的理念被广泛地接受，越来越多的人乘坐公共交通工具出行。
These goods were transported by rail and water.
这些货物是由铁路和水路运输的。
1. n. 交通运输系统
air/road transportation 空运/公路运输
Road transportation is the important sign of civilization of a society.
道路交通是一个社会文明的重要标志。
2. vt. 运输；运送
transport ... (from...) to ... 把……（从……）运到……
A special bus transported the tourists from the airport to a hotel.
一辆专车把游客们从机场送到一家旅馆。
hike /ha?k/ vi. 徒步旅行 vt. 去……远足 n. 远足；徒步旅行
【教材语境】boating, hiking, exploring nature (P27) 划船、远足、探索大自然
He had been bitten by a snake during a rough hike.
他在一次艰难的徒步旅行中被蛇咬了。
Recommend a tour for your partner, then share it with your classmates.
Practise the words and expressions learned in this class.
Homework

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