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2025-2026学年人教版英语高一年级下学期开学摸底考试英语模拟卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.How does the man sound
A.Strict. B.Disappointed. C.Positive.
2.What was the woman's problem
A.Her flight was rescheduled. B.Her request was ignored. C.Her money was stolen.
3.What kind of weather does the man probably prefer
A.Hot. B.Warm. C.Cold.
4.What will the man probably do tomorrow
A.Pick up his car. B.Work from home. C.Go into the office.
5.What does the woman probably want to know
A.When dinner starts. B.When the concert ends. C.When the man comes back.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读 各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Mother and son. B.Teacher and student. C.Manager and employee.
7.Why does the woman mention the old saying
A.To stress the share of housework.
B.To encourage the man to act now.
C.To teach the man about responsibility.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.Why does the woman talk to the man
A.To find a car park. B.To check into a hotel. C.To ask about a tourist attraction.
9.How many European countries is the woman visiting on her trip
A.Four. B.Five. C.Six.
10.What will the woman probably do next
A.Rest in her room. B.Go to a restaurant. C.Look around the city.
听第8段材料，回答第11 至13题。
11.Where is the conversation taking place
A.In the speakers'home. B.In a stadium. C.In a pie shop.
12.Which kind of pie does the man like most
A.The butter one. B.The meat and potato one. C.The chicken and sweetcorn one.
13.What does the man praise the woman for
A.Her cooking skills. B.Her sports performance. C.Her environmental awareness.
听第9段材料，回答第14 至17题。
14.The professor's research career.
A.A new diet for bees.
B.Dangers to bee populations.
C.The professor's research career
15.What is Professor Clark probably doing
A.Teaching a class. B.Chatting with a friend. C.Accepting an interview.
16.What has mainly affected the bee population according to Professor Clark
A.Farming chemicals. B.Phone signal. C.Disease.
17.How long has Professor Clark been involved in this project
A.10 years. B.15 years. C.20 years.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.What is the speaker's job probably
A.A city leader. B.A tour guide. C.A museum worker.
19.Who cared for Bobby when he was young
A.John Gray. B.Mr.Greyfriars. C.Sir William Chambers.
20.What happened after Bobby became popular
A.He acted in famous films.
B.His owner wrote him a story.
C.An official covered the cost of his license.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15个小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
ERMAN BEGINNERS A1
This A1 course will help you to develop basic communication skills in German. You will learn how to greet people, talk about yourself and your daily life, and communicate in common everyday situations (shops, restaurants, hotels, etc.). You will also be introduced to cultural aspects of the areas where the language is spoken.
Who is this course for
This course is recommended for students in University of Glasgow who have had very little or no contact with German before. In this course, you will be working towards level A1 of the Common European Framework (框架) of Languages.
Qualifications/credits
Whether to take part in the course assessment (考核) is up to you, but on successful completion of the course you will get 10 credits at Level 1.
Methods of study
Language classes are active and you don’t just sit and listen. You get to hear and use the language a lot, and there are many opportunities to practise and learn with your classmates in the classroom.
You will also have access to Moodle, the University’s online learning environment, where you will find plenty of extra activities to practise what you have learnt in class and to extend your knowledge.
Expectations
At this elementary level, you’ll be able to take part in very simple exchanges in common everyday situations, for example as a visitor in an area where the language is spoken. Or you can progress to the next step, Post Beginners A2, to continue to develop your skills in the language.
21．What can students learn in the German A1 course
A．Daily conversation skills. B．Professional German for work.
C．In-depth tradition research. D．Advanced German grammar rules.
22．What can be inferred about the course assessment
A．It is required for teachers. B．It focuses on online tests only.
C．Students can choose to take it. D．It affects students’ semester grades.
23．What does the course offer to support learning
A．Special designed homework. B．One-on-one teacher guidance.
C．Free tours to European countries. D．In-class activities and online resources.
B
At just 10 years old, Emily was thinking of ways to help those around her. Although Emily had a comfortable life, she noticed that many of her classmates lived in poverty, and some even went without food or school uniforms.
Emily wanted to make a difference, but she didn’t know where to start. One day, while at school, she heard a heartbreaking story about a classmate who had to drop out of school because her family couldn’t afford the necessary school supplies. Emily felt deep empathy (同情) for this child. Despite her age, she decided to do something.
After thinking over for one night, she started small by asking her family, friends and neighbors to donate extra school supplies. She also started a drive at school asking classmates to contribute clothes or books they no longer needed.
As the word spread about her charity, “Emily’s Helping Hands”, more and more people began to join in her charitable activities. Emily used social media to share stories of the children who were being helped by her organization. Soon, local businesses began donating and Emily’s charity grew far beyond her expectations.
Later, Emily set up distribution (分发) centers in her community. She also organized after-school tutoring sessions for children who needed help with their homework, as well as regular food drives to ensure that no child went hungry. By the time Emily was 15, “Emily’s Helping Hands” had become a well-known charity in her community which also provided free school supplies, clothing, food and scholarships for children to attend summer camp.
Many of the children who received help from Emily’s charity went on to succeed in their education and some even returned to volunteer with the charity when they were older. Emily’s impact went far beyond her small community — it spread a wave of kindness and generosity (慷慨) that inspired others to give back.
24．What directly led Emily to start her own charity
A．That Emily’s parents were rich and supported her.
B．That Emily had deep empathy for the people around.
C．That one of her classmates left school because of poverty.
D．That Emily was always thinking of ways to help other people.
25．Who can get help from “Emily’s Helping Hands” in her community
A．Lucy, a girl, who often goes hungry to get slimmer.
B．Tom, a pupil, who has difficulty with his homework.
C．Mary, a middle school student, who wants to attend winter camp.
D．Mike, a college graduate, who cannot find a job after graduation.
26．What kind of a girl is Emily in your opinion
A．Brave and curious.
B．Positive and professional.
C．Talkative and generous.
D．Determined and warm-hearted.
27．Which title is more suitable for the passage
A．Kindness Is a Choice.
B．One’s Will Is Not Limited by Age.
C．The Power of Attempts and Confidence.
D．A Small Act Must Make a Big Difference.
C
Americans use many expressions with the word dog. People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well. They take their dogs for walks, let them play outside and give them good food and medical care. However, dogs without owners to care for them lead a different kind of life. The expression, to lead a dog’s life, describes a person who has an unhappy life.
Some people say we live in a dog-eat-dog world. That means many people are competing for the same things, like good jobs. They say that to be successful, a person has to work like a dog. The hard work can make people dog-tired. And, the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog.
Still, people say every dog has its day. This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. To be successful, people often have to learn new skills. Yet, some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks. They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things.
Husbands and wives use doghouse when they are angry at each other. For example, a woman might get angry at her husband for forgetting their wedding anniversary. She might tell him that he is in the doghouse and treats him badly. However, the husband may decide that it is best to leave things alone and not create more problems. He might decide to let sleeping dogs lie.
Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather. The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year. A rainstorm may cool the weather. But we do not want it to rain too hard. We do not want it to rain cats and dogs.
28．What can we infer about homeless dogs from Paragraph 1
A．They are well cared for by Americans.
B．They live a hard and unhappy life.
C．They can get enough food and medical care.
D．They are used to explain a happy life.
29．If a man experiences a failure at work, what might his wife say to encourage him
A．It will rain cats and dogs. B．Every dog has its day.
C．You lead a dog’s life. D．You are in the doghouse.
30．Why does the writer mention “the dog days of summer” in the last paragraph
A．To explain a weather-related dog expression
B．To show the hottest days in the whole year
C．To tell people how to cool down in summer
D．To warn people not to stay outside in summer
31．What’s the text mainly about
A．Expressions in American culture. B．Dog’s influence on American culture.
C．A fun way to learn English. D．Some expressions with the word dog.
D
November 5 is World Tsunami Awareness Day. Tsunamis don’t happen often, but they cause terrible damage. People usually focus on helping victims right after a tsunami, but the long-term economic costs are often forgotten.
Poor countries face big problems. They have little money and few people have insurance (保险), so tsunami costs can be much higher than their national savings. This leads to more borrowing, debt and greater weakness.
Even when we calculate the average annual loss (AAL) from tsunamis, the costs stay high. Smaller countries and economies suffer more. For example, Polynesia’s AAL is lower than New Zealand’s, but it’s 13 times more costly relative to its GDP.
Tsunamis also slow development. Small island nations and poor countries like Somalia, Timor-Leste and Vanuatu lose 0. 4-0. 9% of their GDP yearly due to tsunami risks. Some may even struggle to pay their debts after a big tsunami.
Rich countries recover quickly, but poor nations need decades to rebuild. However, we can reduce risks: tsunami-resistant (防海啸) buildings, coastal green areas and early warning systems work well. Yet not enough money is spent on these measures.
Investing in risk reduction isn’t an extra cost — it helps with lasting growth. Every dollar spent saves lives, cuts losses and helps poor countries reach their development goals faster. On World Tsunami Awareness Day, let’s remember the value of preventing tsunami risks.
32．What makes tsunami costs worse for poor countries
A．Low insurance coverage.
B．Lack of early warnings.
C．Slow development speed.
D．Simple basic facilities.
33．What can be inferred about small economies
A．They recover faster after tsunamis.
B．Tsunamis hit them more frequently.
C．They have higher AAL than big ones.
D．Their GDP is more affected by tsunamis.
34．Which is an effective risk reduction measure
A．More relief aid.
B．Coastal green belts.
C．GDP growth promotion.
D．Debt reduction policies.
35．What’s the best title for the text
A．Tsunamis: Causes and Destructive Effects
B．Tsunamis: Economic Losses Across Countries
C．Reducing Tsunami Risk: Value and Measures
D．Reducing Tsunami Risk: Global Investment Needs
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 。
Sometimes, it feels like the more you study English, the less you remember. It is actually a signal that you need a break. Taking a break doesn’t mean you have to stop learning. Instead, you can use your downtime to practise the language. 36 .
Change your settings
Most of us spend hours daily using various electronic devices (设备), ranging from our phones and laptops to smartwatches. So why not turn the settings on devices from your first language to English 37 When you start seeing reminders, notifications and other information in English constantly, it’ll help you pick up new vocabulary and phrases as you work or play on your devices.
Walk and talk
Whether you’re walking to the supermarket, park or anywhere else, use that time to describe what you see around you in English. If you’re out shopping, try to remember the English names of the items. 38 Then you can note down any words you need to look up.
Play word games
Use your smartphone to play English word games when you’re taking a break. There are numerous options to choose from, ranging from simple crosswords to more competitive apps. 39 Some of them allow you to exchange messages with other players, giving you another opportunity to improve your English.
Open up a world of radio
40 If you’re one of them, explore English-language radio stations. There are thousands of English-speaking stations available, satisfying a wide range of interests—from music to arts, culture, and politics. Even if you just want some background music, you’ll pick up a surprising amount of English when the presenter introduces the tracks.
A．The key is to turn them into actionable steps.
B．Many people find listening to the radio a great way to relax.
C．It’s helpful to carry a small notebook or use a note-taking app.
D．The constant exposure is a perfect opportunity to learn English.
E．Most of us have hobbies and interests that we are passionate about.
F．All of them are excellent for enriching your vocabulary in a fun way.
G．Here are some creative ways to make your English learning more effective.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节完形填空(共15个小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
This summer vacation, some of my best friends and I climbed Wudang Mountain, situated in Shiyan City of northwest Hubei Province. It was extremely challenging for me. My legs were 41 . Every muscle screamed in protest, and sweat 42 down my face. Every step felt like needles piercing my 43 . I had three blisters (水泡) on each foot.
After two hours of hard climb, the trail grew steeper, making it even harder for me to 44 an inch. However, most classmates were already at the 45 , laughing and taking photos. My friends above cheered, “Come on!” I yelled, “I can’t go 46 !” They laughed. I was making my way slowly up the mountain. Suddenly, my feet 47 something. I thought it was a rock, but whatever. It slipped from under my boot and went tumbling down the mountain. I lost my 48 and fell on the ground. “Are you okay ”I heard a voice behind me. “Just tired, I’m taking a break,” I 49 , not wanting to embarrass myself.
Only eight hikers were behind me now. I determined to speed up. Yana stood at the peak, waving. The sun was behind her, so I could 50 see her face, but I could feel her huge smile. “I won’t stop again,” I told myself. Yet I felt my legs 51 , and I fell once more. My lips were dry, and my lungs 52 . Still, I stood up. The mountain seemed to 53 me, but my friends’ cheers kept me going. A cool breeze 54 me, and I rushed upward.
Finally, I reached the top of the mountain. The view was breathtaking. At the same time, the sense of achievement was 55 . Yana ran to hug me and said, “You made it!” The exhaustion was worth it. Wudang Mountain no longer seemed so terrible, and I felt a newfound strength in myself.
41．A．posing B．shaking C．bleeding D．freezing
42．A．poured B．steamed C．expanded D．disappeared
43．A．arms B．skin C．head D．face
44．A．resist B．transform C．cast D．move
45．A．foundation B．summit C．setting D．perspective
46．A．higher B．better C．quieter D．faster
47．A．leapt over B．bent over C．stepped on D．fought against
48．A．contrast B．signpost C．balance D．courage
49．A．lied B．ordered C．acknowledged D．persuaded
50．A．hardly B．accurately C．steadily D．objectively
51．A．strengthened B．relaxed C．weakened D．stretched
52．A．healed B．recovered C．burned D．opened
53．A．side with B．laugh at C．interact with D．leave out
54．A．refreshed B．frightened C．depressed D．confused
55．A．inseparable B．undeniable C．unavailable D．indescribable
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 63-year-old Chinese grandpa’s 56 (tradition) carpentry (木工) skills are delighting tens of millions of viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws or nails.
The Chinese master carpenter, Wang Dewen, well known as “Granpa Amu” on YouTube, has been called as the modern Lu Ban, 57 famous Chinese structural engineer during the Zhou Dynasty, thanks 58 his vast carpentry knowledge. His most popular video, 59 shows him making a fantastic wooden arch bridge, became popular on the platform, 60 (eventual) gaining more than 42 million views.
Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon (榫卯) technique, which 61 (mean) no nails or glue are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge.
Grandpa Amu has also made several wooden toys for his grandson 62 (use) the same technique. He created a folding stool(凳子), which looked like the China pavilion (中国馆) from the 2010 Shanghai Expo. “A block of wood transforms into a stool. Genius,” a YouTube user named Rey Rey commented under the video.
Among all the 63 (item), a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy are 64 (he) grandson’s favorites.
So far, the master carpenter 65 (attract) over 1.18 million fans on YouTube. Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an internet superstar but just an ordinary farmer.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
66．假定你是李华，你的朋友 Jim在学习英语时经常遇到陌生单词，他总在电子翻译笔(electronic translation pen)和纸质字典(paper dictionary)之间犹豫，为此，他想咨询你的意见。请你给他写一封推荐信，内容包括：
1、推荐其中一种工具；
2、说明理由。
注意：
1、写作词数应为80个左右；
2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
67．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150个左右。
Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played and went home together. One day, Robert and Henry were going home from school. On turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let's go and see!”
“No,” said Henry. “Let us go home quietly and not meddle with (管闲事) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together and I don't want them to worry about us.”
“You are a coward (懦夫), and afraid to go,” said Robert, and off he ran. Henry went straight home, and in the afternoon went to school as usual.
But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down on Henry and didn't want to play with him together.
Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Robert for his rude behaviour, because he knew that they misunderstood him. Thus, he just ignored the other boys' laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn't invite Henry to go home together with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Every day after school, they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun.
A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled and cried for help, but he failed. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did nothing to help him.
Paragraph 1:
It seemed as if Robert would be dying.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Thus, Robert's life was saved.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案
【答案】1-5 CACBB 6-10 ABBCA 11-15 ACBAC 16-20 ACBAC
【答案】21．A 22．C 23．D
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了格拉斯哥大学为初学者开设的德语A1课程的相关信息。
【详解】21．细节理解题。根据第一段中“This A1 course will help you to develop basic communication skills in German. You will learn how to greet people, talk about yourself and your daily life, and communicate in common everyday situations (shops, restaurants, hotels, etc.).(这个A1课程将帮助你培养德语的基本沟通技巧。你将学习如何与人打招呼，谈论你自己和你的日常生活，并在常见的日常场合（商店、餐馆、酒店等）进行交流。)”可知，学生在德语A1课程中可以学到日常对话技巧。故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据Qualifications/credits部分中“Whether to take part in the course assessment is up to you, but on successful completion of the course you will get 10 credits at Level 1.(是否参加课程考核由你自行决定。顺利完成本课程的学习后，你将获得1级10学分。)”可知，学生可以选择是否参加课程考核。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据Methods of study部分“Language classes are active and you don’t just sit and listen. You get to hear and use the language a lot, and there are many opportunities to practise and learn with your classmates in the classroom.(语言课很活跃，你不只是坐着听。你会有很多机会听到和使用这种语言，也有很多机会在教室里和同学一起练习和学习。)”以及“You will also have access to Moodle, the University’s online learning environment, where you will find plenty of extra activities to practise what you have learnt in class and to extend your knowledge.(你还可以访问Moodle，大学的在线学习环境，在那里你可以找到很多额外的活动来练习你在课堂上学到的东西，并扩展你的知识。)”可知，该课程提供课堂活动和在线资源来支持学习。故选D。
【答案】24．C 25．B 26．D 27．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了10岁的 Emily 在目睹同学因贫困辍学后深受触动，从而发起慈善活动，并将其发展为社区知名慈善组织的故事。
【详解】24．细节理解题。根据原文第二段“One day, while at school, she heard a heartbreaking story about a classmate who had to drop out of school because her family couldn’t afford the necessary school supplies. Emily felt deep empathy for this child. Despite her age, she decided to do something.(一天在学校，她听到了一个令人心碎的故事：一个同学因为家里买不起必要的学习用品而不得不辍学。Emily对这个孩子深感同情。尽管她年纪小，但她决定做些什么。)” 可知，是一位同学因贫困辍学这件事直接促使Emily开始了她的慈善活动。故选C。
25．细节理解题。根据原文第五段“She also organized after-school tutoring sessions for children who needed help with their homework, as well as regular food drives to ensure that no child went hungry.(她还为需要作业辅导的孩子组织了课后辅导，并定期举办食物捐赠活动，确保没有孩子挨饿。)” 可知，作业有困难的小学生Tom可以从“Emily’s Helping Hands”获得帮助。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据原文第二段“One day, while at school, she heard a heartbreaking story about a classmate who had to drop out of school because her family couldn’t afford the necessary school supplies. Emily felt deep empathy for this child. Despite her age, she decided to do something.(一天在学校，她听到了一个令人心碎的故事：一个同学因为家里买不起必要的学习用品而不得不辍学。Emily对这个孩子深感同情。尽管她年纪小，但她决定做些什么。)”及第五段“Later, Emily set up distribution centers in her community. She also organized after-school tutoring sessions for children who needed help with their homework, as well as regular food drives to ensure that no child went hungry.(后来，Emily在自己所在的社区设立了物资分发点，还为课业有困难的孩子组织了课后辅导课，同时定期举办食物募捐活动，确保没有一个孩子挨饿。)”可知，Emily 在 10 岁时就决心帮助他人，并将慈善活动不断发展壮大，这体现了她的坚定；她为社区儿童提供学习用品、衣物、食物和辅导，这体现了她的热心。故选D。
27．主旨大意题。根据原文第二段“One day, while at school, she heard a heartbreaking story about a classmate who had to drop out of school because her family couldn’t afford the necessary school supplies. Emily felt deep empathy for this child. Despite her age, she decided to do something.(一天在学校，她听到了一个令人心碎的故事：一个同学因为家里买不起必要的学习用品而不得不辍学。Emily对这个孩子深感同情。尽管她年纪小，但她决定做些什么。)”及全文内容可知，文章讲述了 Emily 在很小的年纪就发起并成功运营了一个有影响力的慈善组织，证明了一个人的意志和能力不受年龄限制。故选B。
【答案】28．B 29．B 30．A 31．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国英语中多个包含“狗”这个词的表达方式，并解释了它们的含义和使用语境，展示了语言与文化的有趣结合。
【详解】28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well. They take their dogs for walks, let them play outside and give them good food and medical care. However, dogs without owners to care for them lead a different kind of life. The expression, to lead a dog’s life, describes a person who has an unhappy life.(美国人爱他们的狗，对它们也很好。他们带他们的狗去散步，让他们在外面玩，给他们好的食物和医疗护理。然而，没有主人照顾的狗过着另一种生活。“to lead a dog’s life”这个表达，描述了一个生活不幸福的人)”可知，美国人会把自己的狗照顾得很好，但没有主人、无家可归的狗生活得不幸福。故选B项。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Still, people say every dog has its day. This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. (不过，人们也说“every dog has its day”。这意味着每个人一生中都会有一段成功的时期)”可推断，如果丈夫工作失败，妻子用这句话鼓励他，意思是每个人都会有成功的时候。故选B项。
30．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather. The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year. (含有“狗”的表达也用来描述天气。“The dog days of summer”是一年中最热的日子)”可知，作者提到“the dog days of summer”是为了举例说明一个与天气有关的、包含“狗”的表达。故选A项。
31．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段中“Americans use many expressions with the word dog. (美国人使用许多包含“狗”这个词的表达方式)”以及文章后续段落逐一介绍的不同表达及其含义可知，文章主要介绍了英语中一些包含“狗”这个词的表达方式。故D项“Some expressions with the word dog. (一些包含“狗”这个词的表达方式)”能概括文章主旨。故选D项。
【答案】32．A 33．D 34．B 35．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了11月5日是世界海啸意识日，指出人们往往忽视了其长期经济成本。文章强调，贫困国家受海啸影响更为严重，此外，文章提到风险降低措施，呼吁在世界海啸意识日重视海啸风险防控。
【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第二段“They have little money and few people have insurance (保险), so tsunami costs can be much higher than their national savings.(他们资金匮乏，且很少有人购买保险，因此海啸造成的损失可能远远高于他们的国家储蓄)”可知，保险覆盖率低使得海啸给贫穷国家带来更严重的损失。故选A项。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段“Smaller countries and economies suffer more. For example, Polynesia’s AAL is lower than New Zealand’s, but it’s 13 times more costly relative to its GDP.(较小的国家和经济体遭受的损失更大。例如，波利尼西亚的年均损失低于新西兰，但相对于其国内生产总值而言，损失却是新西兰的13倍)”以及第四段“Small island nations and poor countries like Somalia, Timor-Leste and Vanuatu lose 0. 4 - 0. 9% of their GDP yearly due to tsunami risks.(像索马里、东帝汶和瓦努阿图这样的小岛屿国家和贫穷国家，由于海啸风险，每年损失0.4 - 0.9%的国内生产总值)”可知，小经济体的国内生产总值受海啸影响更大。故选D项。
34．细节理解题。根据第五段“However, we can reduce risks: tsunami-resistant (防海啸) buildings, coastal green areas and early warning systems work well.(然而，我们可以降低风险：防海啸建筑、沿海绿地和早期预警系统效果良好)”可知，沿海绿化带是一种有效的降低风险措施，故选B项。
35．主旨大意题。文章先介绍了海啸给各国带来的经济影响，强调了减少海啸风险对贫穷国家发展的价值，接着介绍了一些降低风险的措施，C选项“降低海啸风险：价值与措施”能准确概括文章内容，为最佳标题。故选C项。
【答案】
36．G 37．D 38．C 39．F 40．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在休息时学习英语的方法。
【详解】
36．设空处上文“It is actually a signal that you need a break. Taking a break doesn’t mean you have to stop learning. Instead, you can use your downtime to practise the language. (休息并不意味着你要停止学习。相反，你可以利用这段时间来练习这门语言。)”介绍了在休息时我们也可以学习英语；下文分段介绍了具体的方法。由此可推断，设空处在文中起承上启下的作用，且与休息时学习英语的方法有关。结合选项，G项“Here are some creative ways to make your English learning more effective. (以下是一些使您的英语学习更有效的创新方法。)”起引出下文提到的4种有效的英语学习方法的作用，符合语境。故选G项。
37．设空处上文“Most of us spend hours daily using various electronic devices (设备), ranging from our phones and laptops to smartwatches. So why not turn the settings on devices from your first language to English (我们大多数人每天都会花费数小时使用各种电子设备，从手机、笔记本电脑到智能手表等等。所以为什么不把那些设备的语言设置从你的母语切换成英语呢？)”建议建议把电子设备的设置从母语换成英语。下文“When you start seeing reminders, notifications and other information in English constantly, it’ll help you pick up new vocabulary and phrases as you work or play on your devices. (当你开始在使用电子设备时不断看到用英语呈现的提醒、通知和其他信息时，这将有助于你在工作或娱乐时学习新词汇和短语。)”介绍用英语接收提醒、通知和其他信息，你会不知不觉学到新的词汇和短语。结合选项，D项“The constant exposure is a perfect opportunity to learn English. (不断的接触英语是学习英语的绝佳机会。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。
38．设空处上文“Whether you’re walking to the supermarket, park or anywhere else, use that time to describe what you see around you in English. If you’re out shopping, try to remember the English names of the items. (无论你是在去超市、公园还是其他任何地方的路上，利用这段时间用英语描述你周围看到的东西。如果你正在购物，试着记住商品的英语名称。)”介绍我们可以在走路时用英语来描述自己看到的事物；下文“Then you can note down any words you need to look up. (然后你可以记下需要查找的单词。)”介绍这样你就能记下回家后需要查的单词。结合选项，C项“It’s helpful to carry a small notebook or use a note-taking app. (为了方便起见，可以携带一个小笔记本或者使用记事应用程序。)”是对上文的建议的补充说明，与下句衔接紧密。故选C项。
39．设空处上文“Use your smartphone to play English word games when you’re taking a break. There are numerous options to choose from, ranging from simple crosswords to more competitive apps. (在休息的时候，用你的智能手机玩英语单词游戏。有很多选择可供选择，从简单的填字游戏到更具竞争性的应用程序都有。)”介绍在休息时我们能选择玩的英文文字游戏应有尽有；下文“Some of them allow you to exchange messages with other players, giving you another opportunity to improve your English. (他们中的一些允许你与其他玩家交流信息，为你提供了另一个提升英语水平的机会。)”介绍部分游戏还允许与其他玩家聊天，为你提供更多练习英语的机会。结合选项，F项“All of them are excellent for enriching your vocabulary in a fun way. (所有这些方式都能以有趣的方式丰富你的词汇量。)”符合语境，其中的“them”指代上文中的“options”。故选F项。
40．根据本段小标题“Open up a world of radio (开启广播的世界)”可知，本段主要介绍通过听广播来学习英语。设空处下文“If you’re one of them, explore English-language radio stations. There are thousands of English-speaking stations available, satisfying a wide range of interests—from music to arts, culture, and politics. Even if you just want some background music, you’ll pick up a surprising amount of English when the presenter introduces the tracks. (如果你是其中的一员，那就去探索英语广播电台吧。有成千上万的英语广播电台可供选择，涵盖了从音乐到艺术、文化、政治等各种兴趣领域。即使你只是想听些背景音乐，当播音员介绍歌曲时，你也能学到相当多的英语。)”介绍如果你也是其中之一，不妨探索英语电台。结合选项，B项“Many people find listening to the radio a great way to relax. (很多人用听广播这种方式放松。)”符合语境。故选B项。
【答案】41．B 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．B 46．D 47．C 48．C 49．A 50．A 51．C 52．C 53．B 54．A 55．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和朋友们爬武当山的经历，虽然过程中困难重重，但作者最终到达山顶，感受到了成就感和新生的力量。
【详解】41．考查动词词义辨析。句意为：我的双腿在颤抖。A. posing摆姿势；B. shaking颤抖；C. bleeding流血；D. freezing冻僵。根据下文“Every muscle screamed in protest”可知，作者爬山时肌肉抗议，说明双腿应是颤抖的。故选B。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意为：每一块肌肉都在抗议，汗水顺着我的脸流了下来。A. poured倾倒；B. steamed冒蒸汽；C. expanded膨胀；D. disappeared消失。根据上文“Every muscle screamed in protest”以及语境可知，此处在描述作者的汗水流下的状态，用“poured”表示汗水像水一样倾泻下来，符合语境。故选A。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意为：每一步都感觉像针在刺我的皮肤。A. arms手臂；B. skin皮肤；C. head头；D. face脸。根据上文“Every step felt like needles piercing”可知，此处描述的是针刺的感觉，结合常识，针刺应是刺在皮肤上。故选B。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意为：经过两个小时的艰难攀登，小路变得更陡峭了，这让我更难移动一英寸。A. resist抵抗；B. transform使改变；C. cast投掷；D. move移动。根据上文“the trail grew steeper”可知，小路变得更陡峭，所以作者会更难移动。故选D。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意为：然而，大多数同学已经在山顶了，笑着拍照。A. foundation基础；B. summit山顶；C. setting环境；D. perspective观点。根据下文“laughing and taking photos”以及“Yana stood at the peak, waving.”可知，同学们已经在山顶了。故选B。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：我喊道，“我不能爬得更快了！” A. higher更高的；B. better更好的；C. quieter更安静的；D. faster更快的。根据下文“I was making my way slowly up the mountain”可知，作者爬得很慢，所以此处表示作者说自己不能爬得更快了。故选D。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意为：突然，我的脚踩到了什么东西。A. leapt over跳过；B. bent over弯腰；C. stepped on踩上；D. fought against对抗。根据下文“It slipped from under my boot”可知，有东西从作者的靴子下滑落，说明作者踩到了什么东西。故选C。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意为：我失去了平衡，摔倒在地上。A. contrast对比；B. signpost路标；C. balance平衡；D. courage勇气。根据下文“fell on the ground”可知，作者摔倒了，应是失去了平衡。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意为：“我只是累了，我在休息，”我撒谎道，不想让自己难堪。A. lied撒谎；B. ordered命令；C. acknowledged承认；D. persuaded说服。根据上文“I lost my and fell on the ground.”以及下文“not wanting to embarrass myself”可知，作者不想让自己难堪，所以撒谎说自己只是累了。故选A。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意为：太阳在她身后，所以我几乎看不清她的脸，但我能感觉到她灿烂的笑容。A. hardly几乎不；B. accurately准确地；C. steadily稳定地；D. objectively客观地。根据上文“The sun was behind her”以及下文“but I could feel her huge smile.”可知，太阳在她身后，所以作者几乎看不清她的脸，只能感受到她的笑容。故选A。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意为：然而，我感觉我的双腿虚弱无力，我又摔倒了。A. strengthened加强；B. relaxed放松；C. weakened削弱；D. stretched拉伸。根据下文“I fell once more”可知，作者又摔倒了，所以此处表示作者感觉自己双腿虚弱无力。故选C。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意为：我的嘴唇干燥，肺部灼热。A. healed治愈；B. recovered恢复；C. burned烧伤；D. opened打开。根据上文“After two hours of hard climb, the trail grew steeper, making it even harder for me to ______ an inch.”以及“My lips were dry, and my lungs”可知，作者爬山很艰难，此处表示作者体力不支，肺部灼热。故选C。
53．考查动词短语辨析。句意为：这座山似乎在嘲笑我，但我朋友们的欢呼声让我继续前进。A. side with支持；B. laugh at嘲笑；C. interact with与……互动；D. leave out遗漏。根据上文“After two hours of hard climb, the trail grew steeper, making it even harder for me to ______ an inch.”以及下文“but my friends’ cheers kept me going”可知，作者爬山艰难，此处形成转折，山似乎在嘲笑作者，但朋友们的欢呼声让作者继续前进。故选B。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意为：一阵凉风使我恢复精力，我向上冲去。A. refreshed精神焕发的；B. frightened害怕的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“A cool breeze”以及下文“I rushed upward”可知，一阵凉风吹来，让作者恢复了精力，向上冲去。故选A。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：与此同时，成就感是无法形容的。A. inseparable不可分离的；B. undeniable不可否认的；C. unavailable难以获得的；D. indescribable难以形容的。根据下文“The exhaustion was worth it”以及语境可知，虽然经历艰辛，但是作者到达山顶后，成就感应是无法形容的。故选D。
【答案】56．traditional 57．a 58．to 59．which 60．eventually 61．means 62．using 63．items 64．his 65．has attracted
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一位63岁的中国爷爷不用胶水、螺丝钉和钉子就能做出木工活，他的木工手艺在网上令数千万观众赞叹的故事。
【详解】56．考查形容词。句意为：一位63岁的中国老爷爷不用胶水、螺丝钉或钉子就能做出木工作品，他的传统木工技艺在网上赢得了数千万观众的喜爱。修饰后文名词skills应用形容词traditional，作定语。故填traditional。
57．考查冠词。句意为：在YouTube上被称为“阿木爷爷”的中国木匠大师王德文，因其丰富的木工知识，被称为现代的中国周代著名结构工程师鲁班。engineer为可数名词，此处为泛指应用不定冠词，且famous是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
58．考查固定短语。句意为：在YouTube上被称为“阿木爷爷”的中国木匠大师王德文，因其丰富的木工知识，被称为现代的中国周代著名结构工程师鲁班。此处为短语thanks to表示“由于”。故填to。
59．考查定语从句。句意为：他最受欢迎的视频是他制作一座奇妙的木拱桥的视频，在该平台上流行起来，最终获得了超过4200万的观看量。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词video，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
60．考查副词。句意为：他最受欢迎的视频是他制作一座奇妙的木拱桥的视频，在该平台上流行起来，最终获得了超过4200万的观看量。修饰动词gain应用副词eventually，作状语。故填eventually。
61．考查主谓一致。句意为：阿木爷爷采用的是中国古代的榫卯技术，这意味着整个拱桥的建造过程中不需要使用钉子或胶水。此处为一般现在时，且非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式，故填means。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意为：阿木爷爷也用同样的方法给孙子做了几个木制玩具。分析句子结构可知use在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Grandpa Amu构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填using。
63．考查名词的数。句意为：在所有的物品中，一只会走路的小猪佩奇和一个吹泡泡的玩具是他孙子的最爱。item为可数名词，由all修饰应用复数形式。故填items。
64．考查代词。句意为：在所有的物品中，一只会走路的小猪佩奇和一个吹泡泡的玩具是他孙子的最爱。修饰后文名词favorites应用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。
65．考查时态。句意为：到目前为止，这位木匠大师在YouTube上已经吸引了118万多名粉丝。根据上文so far可知为现在完成时，主语为the master carpenter，助动词用has。故填has attracted。
66．【答案】Dear Jim,
Hearing that you often come across new words in your English study and you are in a dilemma when choosing between an electronic translation pen and a paper dictionary, I’d like to recommend the former to you.
Reasons are as follows. For one thing, an electronic translation pen is extremely time-saving. When you encounter unknown words while reading or listening, you can get accurate translations instantly by scanning them, which won’t break your learning pace. For another, an electronic translation pen is portable and multifunctional. You can carry it with you anywhere, and most pens offer extra useful features like standard pronunciation guides, typical example sentences and even offline usage.
Hope my suggestion works for you and wish you great progress in your English study.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
Dear Jim,
Hearing that you’re always stuck with unfamiliar words in English learning and can’t make up your mind between an electronic translation pen and a paper dictionary, I’m writing to recommend the latter to you.
Two reasons account for my suggestion. For one thing, a paper dictionary offers far more thorough details, like word roots, collocations and practical examples, enabling you to grasp the true meaning of words deeply. For another,the process of looking up words in it helps you concentrate better and leaves a deeper impression in your mind, which is beneficial to long-term memory.
Hope my advice is helpful to you and wish you remarkable progress in your English study.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友Jim写一封推荐信，在电子翻译笔和纸质字典之间推荐其中一种工具，并说明理由。
【详解】1、词汇积累
遇见：come across → encounter
准确的：accurate → precise
进步：progress→ advance
额外的：extra → additional
2、句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： For another, an electronic translation pen is portable and multifunctional. You can carry it with you anywhere, and most pens offer extra useful features like standard pronunciation guides, typical example sentences and even offline usage.
拓展句： For another, an electronic translation pen is portable and multifunctional, which you can carry with you anywhere, and most pens offer extra useful features like standard pronunciation guides, typical example sentences and even offline usage.
67．【答案】范文：
Paragraph 1:
It seemed as if Robert would be dying. Obviously, he was in a critical situation and at a loss what to do next. Just at that moment, Henry happened to be passing by. Hearing the screams, Henry raced to the riverside, took off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation. He swam to Robert as fast as possible. Fortunately, he reached Robert just when he was about to sink. With great effort and much danger to himself, he managed to bring Robert to the shore.
Paragraph 2:
Thus, Robert's life was saved. Robert and his new friends were ashamed of having called Henry a coward. They realized that Henry had true courage. They apologized sincerely to Henry for their rude behaviour and asked for forgiveness. Henry did forgive them. He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual. From this, Robert learned what true courage was — never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Robert和Henry是两个同班的朋友。他们总是一起玩，一起回家。有一次他们回家路上看到有人打架，Robert想去看看，Henry拒绝了，Robert就认定Henry是胆小鬼并把这件事告诉了其他男孩，并与其他人一起孤立Henry。但后来Robert落水了，恰巧Henry路过，救了他。最后Robert明白了什么才是真正的勇敢。
【详解】1、段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Robert似乎快要死了。”可知，第一段可描写Robert落水后的惨状，以及Henry出现后奋力把他救起的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“因此，Robert的生命得以挽救。”可知，第二段可描写Robert获救后明白了Henry有真正的勇气，并向他道歉，两人和好如初。
2、续写线索：落水——帮助——感谢并道歉——感悟
3、词汇激活
行为类
①冲向：raced to/ran to/rushed to
②成功：managed to/succeeded in
③道歉：apologized/made an apology
情绪类
①毫不犹豫：without hesitation/do not hesitate
②羞愧：were ashamed/were guilty
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