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(共22张PPT)
2026 高三一轮复习
词汇复习
Unit 6 Survival
话题： 人与社会
The Wild Within
The crime took place in a seaside suburb of Cape Town. ________(spot) the car with its window left open，the greedy thief didn’t hesitate. Within seconds，he had reached inside and run ________ with a bag of shopping. No matter how many crimes he committed，the police were ________(power) to arrest him. You see，this was no ordinary criminal：it was a chacma baboon. Once almost unheard of，scenes like this one in Cape Town are now common all over the world. ________ foxes in London，mountain lions in San Francisco and wild pigs in Hong Kong：it is almost as if our cities are being taken ________ by wild animals.
People often wonder about the reasons behind this mass urban migration. Most of us would assume that urban development and climate change are responsible ________ pushing the animals out of their natural habitats. ________ true this is，we also need to consider that some of these so-called “urban animals” have never moved at all—it’s we humans ________ have moved into their territory. Wherever they go，animals find towns and cities in their way. With nowhere else to make their homes，they have no choice but ________(move) in with us.
Yet，for its newest and wildest inhabitants，a city can offer many benefits. As our cities become greener，they offer ________(increase) appealing spaces ________ animals looking for new habitats. Out of reach from many of their natural predators，these newcomers often flourish in their new city lives. Today，foxes can ________(see) all over London—one even ________(find) living on the 72nd floor of the Shard building when it was ________ construction! What’s more，hungry animals are finding plenty to eat in our gardens and in the leftovers we throw away.
One thing crucial to the increasing number of “urban animals”is their ability to adapt. There is evidence that urban racoons are ________(intelligent) than their wild cousins，as they frequently have to figure ________difficult problems such as how to open rubbish bins and other containers ________ they would not find in the wild. Some animals have even changed their living habits to fit in with their new homes. ________ naturally active at night，urban foxes come out in daylight ________ the reward is good enough. Their city location also means that they are getting a taste for the multicultural cuisine on offer from the garbage，such as hamburgers，lamb kebabs and even garlic bread!
For those animals that don’t adapt，the city can be a dangerous ________ even deadly place. Unable to distinguish between blue sky and glass，birds crash into windows ________ speeds of about 50 kilometres per hour. Recent studies estimate that between 400 million and 1 billion birds die from window impacts each year in the US alone. ________(shock)，these deaths amount to around ten per cent of the total US bird population. Some species are more affected than others. One theory behind this is that these birds have yet to change their migratory routes that take them through cities with high-rise buildings.
________ they adapt ________ our ways of urban living，it’s important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours. Only then can we look towards ________(harmony) sharing our urban habitats. Whatever the reasons behind these species entering our cities，one thing is for sure—as it’s often a means of their ________(survive)，they could be with us________(stay).
1.fox n.狡猾的人
2. crime n.罪；罪行→criminal ① n. 罪犯 ②adj.犯罪的，犯法的
commit a crime犯罪
3. seaside n.＆adj. 海滨，海边
at the seaside 在海滨
4. suburb n.郊区，城郊
同根词：urban adj.城市的，城镇的
5. greedy adj.贪婪的，贪心的→greed n.贪婪 → greedily adv.贪婪地；贪心地
be greedy for 对…… 贪婪；对…… 渴望
be greedy to do sth. 渴望做某事
6. thief n. 贼，小偷→ thieve v. 做贼，偷 → theft n. 偷窃，盗窃
7. commit(1) ①犯（错误或罪行） ②（使）承担义务；（使）作出保证 ③投入→committed adj 尽心尽力的，坚定的→commitment n 承诺，交托，信奉，忠诚，奉献
commit a crime/mistake 犯罪/错
commit oneself to (doing) sth.致力于做某事；承诺做某事；投身于做某事
commit to 承诺；致力于
committee n 委员会
8. predator n.掠食动物，捕食性动物
natural predator天敌 prey v. 捕食
9.newcomer n.新来者，新手
10.flourish v.兴盛，繁荣(prosperous, thrive)
11. container n.容器→contain v.包含；容纳
12. estimate v. 估计；估算→estimation n.估计，估算
it is estimated that... 据估计…… be estimated to be... 据估计……
overestimate v.高估 underestimate v.低估
13. migratory adj. 迁徙的→migrate v.迁徙，迁移 → migration n.迁徙，迁移 →migrant n.移居者;移民;迁徙动物
14. appreciate v. 感激；欣赏，理解→ appreciation 感激；欣赏；理解 → appreciative adj. 感激的；欣赏的
appreciate（sb）doing sth 感激（某人）做某事
I would appreciate it if…如果……我将不胜感激
15. crucial adj. 至关重要的(vital)，关键性的 （与essential同用法）
be crucial to/for 对......至关重要
It is crucial that 主语+(should)+V原 ......极其重要
It is crucial for sb to do sth 对某人来说，做某事是至关重要的
16. restrict v. 限制，控制，约束→restriction n.限制，约束→restricted adj.受限制的，受约束
restrict sb. to doing sth. 限制某人做某事
17. hiker n.徒步旅行者，远足者→hike v.远足;徒步旅行
go hiking 去远足
18. kit n. 成套工具 a first-aid kit 急救箱
19. optimistic adj. 乐观的→optimism n乐观主义→optimist n乐观主义者→optimistically adv 乐观地
be optimistic about 对….保持乐观态度
pessimistic adj. 悲观的
20.indoor adj. 在室内的→indoors adv. 在室内
21. cope with 应付；处理；解决 deal with/do with/handle/tackle
22.fuel n.燃料 V.给……提供燃料,增强、刺激
23. consumption n.消耗量;消费→consume v.消耗；消费 → consumer n.消费者→ customer n.消费者
24. supplement v.补充；增补；增加→supply v.供应，供给→supplies n.生活必需品，供给品
25. eliminate v.消除；根除→elimination n.消除；根除
26. bring...under control 使......处于控制之下
27. fierce adj.恶劣的；极端的；激烈的；猛烈的→fiercely adv. 激烈地；猛烈地；凶狠地；强烈地
fierce attack / competition 猛烈的攻击/激烈的竞争
28. react v.（作出）反应 → reaction n.反应
respond v.作出反应 → response n.反应
react to = respond to = in response to 对......作出反应
29.monthly adj. 每月的，每月一次的
hourly每小时的 daily每天的； weekly每周的；
monthly每月的； quarterly每季度的； yearly/annually每年地
30.wrestle v.扭打，努力解决 wrestling n. 摔跤
31.get rid of 摆脱，除去
rid （rid，rid）v.使···摆脱，除掉某事物
rid ···of sth
Plan B：Life on Mars
In the 1960s and 1970s，the greatest fear was that the human race，and ________(possible) all advanced life forms on the planet，could be wiped out by nuclear missiles，just at the push of a button. Today，________，environmental problems have taken ________ as the greatest risk to life on Earth. Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk，such as ________(replace) coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. But they are also preparing for the worst：what can we do________the terrifying scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life What is our Plan B for Earth
One option is ________(explore) other planets to see ________ we could live on them. The most likely choice is Mars，________ is relatively close ________ Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets. Mars ________(fascinate) people since ancient times，and today our interest in Martain ________(explore) is greater than ever before. Films such as The Martian enjoy worldwide popularity. More governments and ________(organise) are making efforts to educate the public on the Red Planet，for example，the Mars Desert Research Station in the Utah desert of the US and the Mars Village in North-west China’s Qinghai Province.
Since the 1960s，we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. Our probes have orbited the planet，________(send) back valuable data and stunning images. Our robots have explored the Martian surface，testing the soil and searching for resources，water and signs of life. Encouraged by ________(discovery) over the years，space agencies of ________(vary) countries are planning manned missions to Mars that could take place within the next 25 years.
There is no doubt ________ humankind is drawn towards Mars，with dreams of making it our second home. However，sending people there will require all the skill，courage and ________(intelligent) of the human race. While the moon can be reached within days，it would take months to reach Mars，________(travel) through dangerous solar radiation. And even ________ the first settlers do reach Mars safely，they may not be able to return to Earth—ever. Staying alive will be a daily challenge，but as proved by the Biosphere 2 experiment，not impossible. As early as the 1980s，scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert.
It ________(consist) of a closed space in which people，animals and plants could live together. The“closed”concept meant that the space was designed to function with its own oxygen，food and water，________(need) nothing from the outside world. Although the two-year experiment was not a success，it did provide us ________ a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. More recently，scientists ________(succeed) in growing a variety of plants in an environment similar ________ that on Mars. That definitely is a big step forward.
For now，human settlement of Mars is still decades away. In the meantime，scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect ________ the biosphere. Until we are finally able to live on another planet，we need to take much ________(good) care of our own. Right now，it’s the only one we have!
1advanced adj. 先进的；高级的;晚期的→advance n.进步，进展 ＆ v.推动，促进
make advances in = make progress in 取得进步
in advance 提前
2. wipe v.擦，拭；抹掉，擦掉
wipe out 彻底摧毁；消灭
3. terrifying adj.极其可怕的, 骇人听闻的→terrify v.使害怕，使恐惧 →terrified adj.非常害怕的，极度惊恐的
4.hostile 恶劣的，敌意的，反对的，不利的
5.manned adj 有人控制的
6.orbit n轨道 v 沿轨道运行
7.stunning adj 极具吸引力的，令人惊奇的
8.agency n 代理，代理机构→ agent adj 代理人，经纪人
9. consist v.由……组成→consistent adj 一致的→ consistence n 一致性，一贯性
be consist of = be made up of = be composed of 由……组成；由……构成
consist in 在于，存在于
10. in the meantime在此期间, 与此同时
in the meanwhile = at the same time.
infer v.推断，推定→inference n 推断
make inferences 推理
infer... from... 从...中推断出...
conclude... from... 从...中推断出...
12.expose v 使暴露，揭发，使接触，使体验→exposed adj 无遮蔽的，无保护的，易受攻击的→exposure n暴露接触
expose…to….使暴露于，使….接触
13.astronaut n 宇航员
14.dust n 灰尘 v 除尘，擦去 dusty adj
as dry as dust 枯燥无味的，渴死人的

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