资源简介

(共29张PPT)
Welcome Unit
Discovering Useful structures
Brainstorming
Q: How to analyse snetence structures in Chinese class What are they
e.g. 高中学生一定要学好英语课程。
（定）主<状>谓 [补]（定）宾
（高中）学生<一定><要>学[好](英语）课程。
Lead-in
Read thgether!
S (subject) 主语 V (verb) 谓语
O (object) 宾语 P (predicative) 表语
A (adverbial) 状语 DO (direct object) 直接宾语
IO (indirect object) 间接 宾语 C (objective complement) 宾语
补足语
subject
The car runs fast.
She is kind.
Eight is a lucky number in China.
Swimming is my favorite.
To see is to believe.
What we need is time.
It is necessary to master a foreign language.
Find out the subjects in the following sentences and think about their functions.
名词
代词
数词
动名词
动词不定式
主语从句
形式主语
Verb
He reads a book.
The boy likes English.
I don't like the picture on the wall.
The river flows.
The sun rises.
Think about the functions of the underlined verbs.
谓语动词：说明主语的动作或状态，一般由动词或动词短语充当。
Predicate Verb
由多个单词充当谓语
构成特殊的时态、用法
1.passive（被动）： be+past participle (过去分词)
e.g. is killed was finished...
2.perfect tense(完成时)：has/have had + past participle
e.g. has finished have killed......
3. progressive tense(进行时):be+present participle（现在分词）
e.g. be sleeping......
4. modal verb(情态动词)
+Verb（原形）
e.g. may can must will would might +do...
Objects 动作的对象、承受者
They saw an exhibition yesterday.
How many dictionaries do you have I have five.
She wants to join the club.
I enjoyed listening to popular music.
I think he is fit for his office.
People find it important to get a good education.
He told us a story.
Please circle the objects.
名词
数词
动词不定式
动名词
宾语从句
形式宾语
间接宾语 直接宾语
The difference between DO and IO
He gave me a pen.
DO
We bought him a gift.
DO
He wrote me a letter.
DO
He gave me a pen.
IO
We bought Mr. Wood a gift.
IO
He wrote his mother a letter.
IO
DO(direct object):
usually refers to object(物)
IO(indirect object):
usually refers to person(人)
Predicative 系动词后，表主语状态，性质，特征
She is a doctor.
The cloth feels soft.
His favorite sport is running.
Your task is to find out tue cost
The helper is him.
The lucky number in China is eight.
She is in the room.
Think about what kind of words the underlined words follow and their functions.
名词
形容词
动名词
不定式
代词
数词
介词短语
linking-verb 系后跟表语，构成系表结构
I am happy.
He gets angry.
She seems ill.
It remains a mystery.
......
常见系动词：
1. be动词：am is are was were
2. 感官动词：feel smell sound taste look touch
3. 变化：become grow turn fall get go come
4.状态： keep remain stay (三保持) appear seem
Adverbial
What can be used as “Adverbial” in a sentence
He lives in Shenzhen.
You go to school by bus.
He was born in 1918.
He successed because of his hard work.
......
Place
manner(方式)
time
reason
Group Discussion
Examine the sentence structures and see what parts are shared by all of them
Sentence Structure
SV SVO SP SVIODO SVOC SVA SVOA
linking words
S V
Learn to recognize the structures
1. SV structure
1.1 A cat eats.
S V
1.2 Monkeys jumped.
S V
1.3 He was sleeping.
S V
1.4 My dream has come true!
S V
Can you make a “SV” sentence
verbs are intransitive
Learn to recognize the structures
SVO structure
2.1 A cat eats fish.
S V O
2.2 Monkeys like bananas.
S V O
2.3 He wants some flowers.
S V O
2.4 Students love study.
S V O
Can you make a “SVO” sentence
verbs are transitive
Learn to recognize the structures
S V A structure
3.1 A cat eats at the corner.
S V A
3.2 It rained heavily.
S V A
3.3 He coughed badly.
S V A
3.4 The rabbit ran in the woods.
S V A
adverbial is usually at the end of the sentence.
Learn to recognize the structures
S V O A structure
4.1 A cat eats fish over there.
S V O A
4.2 Mum makes lunch in the kitchen.
S V O A
4.3 They liked the film very much.
S V O A
the verb is transitive and is followed by an object and an adverbial.
Learn to recognize the structures
SP structure
5.1 The cat is cute.
S P
5.2 This is great.
S P
5.3 He looks well.
S P
5.4 She became a teacher.
S P
In SP structure, P refers to “link verb + adjective / noun”.
Link verbs: be, feel, taste, smell, grow, become, etc.
the differences of SP vs. SVA
The boy looks great.
S P
The boy worked very hard.
S V A
Any differences between “great” and “very hard”
the differences of SP vs. SVA
1. P in “SP” means “link verb” + “adj. / noun”
2. VA means “intransitive verb”+ “adverb”
3. For example: look great (look: link verb; great: adj.)
P (link verb + adj.)
work hard (work: vi. ; hard: adv.)
V A (vi. + adv.)
Learn to recognize the structures
S V O C structure
6.1 The war made him a hero.
S V O C
6.2 They found his cat dead.
S V O C
6.3 She called her Miss Huang.
S V O C
In SVOC structure, an implied logical relation exists between O and C.
In Example 6.1, the relation between “him” and “a hero” is supposed to be -“he is a hero”.
What’s the relation between “his cat” and “dead” in 6.2
the differences – SVOC vs. SVOA
The news made me happy.
S V O C
The mother missed her kid badly.
S V O A
happy vs. badly Differencces
1. “C” means “nouns / adjectives.”
2. “A” means “adverbs / prepositional phrases”
Learn to recognize the structures
SV IO DO structure
7.1 He asked me a question.
S V IO DO
7.2 Danny wrote his mom a letter.
S V IO DO
7.3 She bought her father a book.
S V IO DO
In SV IO DO structure, verbs are transitive and are followed by IO and DO.
Find a S V IO DO sentence in this unit, and share it with the class!
Learn to recognize the structures
“There be…” structure
8.1 There is an apple on the table.
V S A
8.2 There are seven days in a week.
V S A
8.3 There is milk and bread.
V S
S and V are inverted. V’s number is decided by the very first noun of S.
Exercise
Answers to Exercise 1
(1) I have learning goals.
(2) He works hard.
(3) He never watches TV at night.
(4) A fish swims.
(5) I was writing him an email.
(6) They left the boy starved to death.
You feel tired.
There were some children on the playground.
(SVO)
(SVA)
(SVOA)
(SV)
(SV IO DO)
(SVOC)
(SP)
(There be)
Finish exercise 2 in the textbook
3 minutes
Game time!
Student A: Make a sentence
Ask student B to answer the sentence structure
Student B: Answer the question
Make a sentence and ask another one
.........
Punishment: Talent show
(1) simple sentence (2) you should have the correct answer first
Summary
In this period, we’ve learned about some important concepts of syntax.
The definitions of S, V, O, P, A, DO, IO, C
Morphologic features of S, V, O, P, A, DO, IO, C
The particular features of Verbs decide all the varieties of the basic
sentence structures.
4. The significance of learning verb patterns
Thank you！

展开更多......

收起↑