Unit 3 Family ties知识清单-2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级上册

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Unit 3 Family ties知识清单-2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级上册

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新外研版七年级上册Unit 3 Family ties知识清单
一、核心词汇(附音标与词性)
1. 家庭成员名词
family ['f m li] n. 家庭
parent ['pe r nt] n. 父(母)亲
father ['fɑ (r)] n. 父亲(口语:dad [d d])
mother ['m (r)] n. 母亲(口语:mum [m m] / mom [m m])
grandparent ['ɡr npe r nt] n. (外)祖父(母)
grandfather ['ɡr nfɑ (r)] n. (外)祖父(口语:grandpa ['ɡr npɑ ])
grandmother ['ɡr nm (r)] n. (外)祖母(口语:grandma ['ɡr nmɑ ])
sister ['s st (r)] n. 姐;妹
brother ['br (r)] n. 兄;弟
aunt [ɑ nt] n. 姑母;姨母;舅母;伯母
uncle [' kl] n. 叔父;伯父;舅父;姑父
cousin ['k zn] n. 堂(表)兄弟;堂(表)姐妹
child [t a ld] n. 孩子(复数:children ['t ldr n])
son [s n] n. 儿子
daughter ['d t (r)] n. 女儿
2. 职业名词
doctor ['d kt (r)] n. 医生
teacher ['ti t (r)] n. 教师
worker ['w k (r)] n. 工人
nurse [n s] n. 护士
driver ['dra v (r)] n. 司机
farmer ['fɑ m (r)] n. 农民
cook [k k] n. 厨师 v. 烹饪
3. 描述性形容词
big [b ɡ] adj. 大的
small [sm l] adj. 小的
old [ ld] adj. 年老的;旧的
young [j ] adj. 年轻的
kind [ka nd] adj. 和蔼的;友好的
friendly ['frendli] adj. 友好的
busy ['b zi] adj. 忙碌的
happy ['h pi] adj. 快乐的
4. 其他重要词汇
photo ['f t ] n. 照片(= photograph)
picture ['p kt (r)] n. 图画;照片
house [ha s] n. 房子
home [h m] n. 家 adv. 到家
love [l v] v./n. 爱;喜爱
help [help] v./n. 帮助
work [w k] v. 工作 n. 工作
live [l v] v. 居住;生活
here [h (r)] adv. 这里;在这里
there [ e (r)] adv. 那里;在那里
who [hu ] pron. 谁
only [' nli] adv. 仅仅;只 adj. 唯一的
二、重点短语
1. 家庭成员关系
my family photo/picture 我的家庭照片
a photo of my family 一张我的家庭照
on the left/right 在左边/右边
in the middle/center 在中间
next to 在……旁边
in front of 在……前面(外部)
at the back 在后面
2. 家庭活动与状态
live in/at... 住在……
work in/at... 在……工作
be kind/friendly to... 对……和蔼/友好
be busy with... 忙于……
help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
go home 回家
at home 在家
3. 描述职业
a doctor/teacher/worker 一名医生/教师/工人
in a hospital/school/factory 在医院/学校/工厂
on a farm 在农场
三、核心句型
1. 介绍家庭成员
This/That is... (这/那是……)
This is my father.
That is my sister over there.
These/Those are... (这些/那些是……)
These are my grandparents.
Those are my cousins.
He/She is my... (他/她是我的……)
She is my mother. She is a teacher.
He is my uncle. He works in a hospital.
2. 询问与回答家庭成员
Who is this/that (这/那是谁?)
—Who is that man —He is my uncle.
Who are these/those (这些/那些是谁?)
—Who are these people in the photo —They are my family.
How many people are there in your family (你家有几口人?)
There are four people in my family.
3. 描述家庭与职业
My father/mother is a (an)... (我的父亲/母亲是……)
My father is a driver. My mother is a nurse.
He/She works in/at... (他/她在……工作)
She works in a school.
He works on a farm.
We live in... (我们住在……)
We live in a small house in Beijing.
4. 表达情感
I love my family. 我爱我的家人。
My parents are kind to me. 我的父母对我很和蔼。
We are a happy family. 我们是一个快乐的家庭。
四、语法聚焦
1. 指示代词 (this, that, these, those)
单数 复数 含义 指代距离
this these 这(些) 近处
that those 那(些) 远处
This is my book. These are my books.
That is her bag. Those are her bags.
Is this your pen —Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
Are these your keys —Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
2. 人称代词与物主代词(巩固与扩展)
人称代词(主格) 人称代词(宾格) 形容词性物主代词
I(我) me(我) my(我的)
you(你) you(你) your(你的)
he(他) him(他) his(他的)
she(她) her(她) her(她的)
it(它) it(它) its(它的)
we(我们) us(我们) our(我们的)
they(他们) them(他们) their(他们的)
主格作主语:She is my aunt.
宾格作动词/介词的宾语:I love her. Give the book to him.
形容词性物主代词后必须接名词:My brother. Their house.
3. 名词所有格(‘s 所有格)
表示有生命的人或动物的所属关系
单数名词后加 ’s:my father’s car, Lucy’s bag
以s结尾的复数名词后加 ’:the students’ books
不规则复数名词后加 ’s:children’s toys, women’s day
表示共同拥有与各自拥有
Lucy and Lily’s room (两人共同的房间)
Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms (两人各自不同的房间)
表示家、店铺等地点时,常省略所有格后的名词
at my grandma’s (house) 在我奶奶家
at the doctor’s (office) 在诊所
4. Have/Has 的用法(表示“拥有”)
肯定句:主语 + have/has + 宾语
I/You/We/They have a big family.
He/She/It has a sister.
否定句:主语 + do/does + not + have + 宾语
I don’t have any brothers.
She doesn’t have a bike.
一般疑问句:Do/Does + 主语 + have + 宾语?
Do you have a pen —Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Does he have a cat —Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
五、情景交际用语
1. 介绍家庭成员
A: Look at this photo. This is my family.
B: Oh, who’s this man next to you
A: He’s my father. He’s a doctor.
B: And the woman on the left
A: She’s my mother. She works in a school.
2. 谈论家庭情况
A: How many people are there in your family
B: There are five. My parents, my two sisters and me.
A: Do you have any brothers
B: No, I don’t. But I have two cousins. They live near us.
六、易错点提醒
1. this/that 与 these/those 混淆:注意单复数对应。This/That 接单数名词和is;These/Those接复数名词和are。
2. 人称代词主宾格误用:在动词或介词后必须用宾格。常见错误:Between you and I (应为Between you and me )。
3. have/has 与 there be 句型混淆:
have/has 表示“某人拥有某物”,主语是人或动物。
There be 表示“某处有某物”,强调存在关系。
I have a book. (我拥有一本书。)
There is a book on the desk. (桌子上有一本书。)
4. 名词所有格’s的遗漏:表示所属时,不要忘记加’s。如:my father’s name(我父亲的名字)。
5. child 的复数形式:child 的复数是不规则的 children,不能加s。
6. 家庭称谓的中英文差异:英语中,grandfather/grandmother, uncle/aunt, cousin 等词涵盖的范围比中文更广,没有“内外”或“堂表”的严格区分,需要根据上下文理解。

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