Unit 6 Hitting the road知识清单-2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级下册

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Unit 6 Hitting the road知识清单-2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级下册

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新外研版七年级下册Unit 6 Hitting the road知识清单
一、核心词汇(附音标与词性)
1. 交通工具名词
road [r d] n. 道路
way [we ] n. 道路;方法
street [stri t] n. 街道
bus [b s] n. 公共汽车
car [kɑ (r)] n. 小汽车
bike [ba k] n. 自行车 (=bicycle [ ba s kl])
train [tre n] n. 火车
plane [ple n] n. 飞机 (=aeroplane/airplane)
ship [ p] n. 船
boat [b t] n. 小船
taxi [ t ksi] n. 出租车
subway [ s bwe ] n. 地铁(BrE: underground, tube)
motorbike [ m t ba k] n. 摩托车
station [ ste n] n. 车站;站
stop [st p] n. 车站(尤指公交车站) v. 停止
airport [ e p t] n. 机场
bridge [br d ] n. 桥
2. 地点与方位名词
place [ple s] n. 地方 v. 放置
restaurant [ restr nt] n. 餐馆
hotel [h tel] n. 酒店
bank [b k] n. 银行
hospital [ h sp tl] n. 医院
post office [ p st f s] n. 邮局
police station [p li s ste n] n. 警察局
bookshop [ b k p] n. 书店 (=bookstore)
supermarket [ su p mɑ k t] n. 超市
cinema [ s n m ] n. 电影院
park [pɑ k] n. 公园 v. 停车
corner [ k n (r)] n. 拐角;角落
crossing [ kr s ] n. 十字路口
traffic lights [ tr f k la ts] n. 交通信号灯
3. 方向与移动动词
go [ɡ ] v. 去(过去式:went)
come [k m] v. 来(过去式:came)
walk [w k] v./n. 步行
drive [dra v] v. 驾驶
ride [ra d] v. 骑(车/马) n. 乘坐
take [te k] v. 乘坐;拿(过去式:took)
get [ɡet] v. 到达;得到(过去式:got)
arrive [ ra v] v. 到达
leave [li v] v. 离开(过去式:left)
turn [t n] v./n. 转弯;转动
cross [kr s] v. 穿过,横过
pass [pɑ s] v. 经过;通过
follow [ f l ] v. 跟随
find [fa nd] v. 找到(过去式:found)
lose [lu z] v. 迷路;丢失(过去式:lost)
4. 方位介词与副词
along [ l ] prep. 沿着
across [ kr s] prep. 横过,在……对面
through [θru ] prep. 穿过(内部)
past [pɑ st] prep. 经过
from [fr m] prep. 从……来
to [tu] prep. 到……去
into [ nt ] prep. 进入……里面
out of [ a t v] prep. 从……出来
up [ p] adv./prep. 向上
down [da n] adv./prep. 向下
left [left] n./adj. 左边(的)
right [ra t] n./adj. 右边(的);正确的
straight [stre t] adv./adj. 笔直地(的)
far [fɑ (r)] adj./adv. 远的(地)
near [n (r)] adj./adv./prep. 近的(地),靠近
5. 描述与规划相关词汇
trip [tr p] n. (短途)旅行
journey [ d ni] n. (长途)旅行,旅程
travel [ tr vl] v./n. 旅行(总称)
visit [ v z t] v./n. 参观,拜访
map [m p] n. 地图
plan [pl n] n./v. 计划
time [ta m] n. 时间;次数
minute [ m n t] n. 分钟
hour [ a (r)] n. 小时
kilometre [ k l mi t (r)] n. 千米(km)
fast [fɑ st] adj./adv. 快的(地)
slow [sl ] adj./adv. 慢的(地)
early [ li] adj./adv. 早的(地)
late [le t] adj./adv. 晚的(地);迟的(地)
safe [se f] adj. 安全的
二、重点短语
1. 交通出行方式
by bus/car/train/plane/bike 乘公交/汽车/火车/飞机/自行车
on foot 步行
take a bus/taxi/train 乘坐公交/出租车/火车
drive a car 开车
ride a bike/motorbike 骑自行车/摩托车
walk to... 步行去……
go to...by... 乘……去……
get on/off the bus 上/下公交车
get into/out of the car 上/下小汽车
2. 问路与指路
excuse me 打扰一下
the way to... 去……的路
how to get to... 如何去……
go/walk along/down/up... 沿着……走
turn left/right 左转/右转
at the first/second crossing 在第一个/第二个十字路口
on the left/right (of) 在(……的)左边/右边
on the corner (of) 在(……的)拐角处
at the end (of) 在(……的)尽头
next to 紧挨着
in front of 在……前面(外部)
behind 在……后面
between...and... 在……和……之间
opposite 在……对面
go straight on 一直往前走
You can’t miss it. 你不会错过的。
3. 距离与时间
how far... ……多远
how long... ……多久(时间);……多长(长度)
it takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花费(某人)一些时间
about 5 minutes’ walk 大约步行5分钟的路程
far (away) from... 离……很远
not far from... 离……不远
a long/short way 长/短路程
4. 旅行规划
make a travel plan 制定旅行计划
go on a trip/journey 去旅行
visit a place 参观某地
leave for... 动身前往……
arrive in/at... 到达……(in接大地方,at接小地方)
get to... 到达……
start/begin the journey 开始旅程
have a good/nice trip 旅途愉快
三、核心句型
1. 询问出行方式
How do you usually go to school (你通常怎么去上学?)
I usually go to school by bike.
How can I get to the airport (我怎么能到机场?)
You can take the subway or a taxi.
2. 问路
Excuse me, where is the... (打扰一下,……在哪里?)
Excuse me, where is the nearest post office
Excuse me, how can I get to the... (打扰一下,我怎么能到……?)
How can I get to the railway station
Excuse me, which is the way to the... (打扰一下,哪条路是去……的?)
Which is the way to the city library
Is there a...near here (这附近有……吗?)
Is there a bank near here
3. 指路
Go/Walk along this street.(沿着这条街走。)
Turn left/right at the traffic lights.(在交通信号灯处左转/右转。)
It’s on your left/right.(它就在你的左边/右边。)
It’s between the...and the...(它在……和……之间。)
It’s next to/opposite the...(它在……旁边/对面。)
It’s about 10 minutes’ walk from here.(从这里步行大约10分钟。)
You can take Bus No. 101.(你可以坐101路公交车。)
You’d better take a taxi.(你最好坐出租车。)
4. 谈论距离与时间
How far is it from your home to school (从你家到学校有多远?)
It’s about 3 kilometres.
How long does it take you to get to school (你去上学要花多长时间?)
It takes me about 20 minutes by bus.
It’s not far.(不远。)
It’s quite a long way.(相当远。)
四、语法聚焦
1. 方位介词辨析 (along, across, through, past)
这些介词是描述路线和方向的核心,也是中考易错点。
介词 含义与图示 例句
along 表示“沿着”(一条线或长条状物) Walk along this road to the end.
across 表示“横过,从一边到另一边” (强调在表面穿过) Be careful when you walk across the street.(横穿马路表面)
through 表示“穿过,通过” (强调从内部穿过,有“穿透”感) The train goes through the tunnel. (穿过隧道内部)
past 表示“经过”(从旁边经过,不进入) Go past the bank and you’ll see the cinema.(经过银行旁边)
形象记忆:
along:一条线 → 沿着线走。
across:一个面(如马路表面)→ 横穿这个面。
through:一个立体空间(如森林、隧道)→ 从这个空间中间穿过。
past:一个点(如银行)→ 从这个点旁边走过。
2. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 句型
功能:表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”。
结构:It + takes (+ sb.) + 时间 + to do sth.
It takes me half an hour to finish my homework.(完成作业花我半小时。)
How long does it take you to go to school by bike (你骑车上学要花多长时间?)
The journey took us two days.(那次旅行花了我们两天时间。)(过去时)
注意:
当sb.是代词时,用宾格形式:me, him, her, us, them。
回答How long does it take... 时,直接用时间:It takes (me) 20 minutes.
3. 连接副词和词组的运用 (then, after that, when you get to...)
在连续指路或描述过程时,需要使用连接词使叙述更连贯。
First, ... Then, ... Next, ... Finally, ...(首先……然后……接下来……最后……)
First, go straight for two blocks. Then, turn left at the bookstore.
After that, ...(在那之后……)
Pass the post office. After that, you will see a bridge.
When you get to/see..., ...(当你到达/看到……时,……)
When you get to the traffic lights, turn right.
4. 情态动词 can, could, may, should 在问路指路中的运用
can/could 表示“能够”(指路时表建议)
Can/Could you tell me the way to the museum (你能告诉我去博物馆的路吗?)
You can take a bus.(你可以坐公交车。)
may 表示“可能”(用于礼貌询问或可能性)
May I ask where the hotel is (我可以问一下酒店在哪里吗?)
should 表示“应该”(给出更确定的建议)
You should turn left here.(你应该在这里左转。)
had better 表示“最好”(强烈建议)
You ’d better take a map with you.(你最好带张地图。)
五、情景交际用语
1. 问路与指路
A: Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the Sunshine Hotel
B: Sure. Go straight along this road for about 200 metres. When you see a supermarket on your left, turn right. The hotel is just next to a bank. You can’t miss it.
A: Is it far from here
B: Not really. It’s only about a 10minute walk.
A: Thank you very much.
B: You’re welcome.
2. 讨论出行方式
A: How do you usually travel to other cities, by train or by plane
B: It depends. If it’s not too far, I prefer taking the train because I can enjoy the view along the way. For long journeys, I usually go by plane to save time.
A: I see. I like travelling by train too. It’s more relaxing.
3. 描述位置
A: Where is the new sports centre
B: It’s on Green Street, between the city library and the big park. It’s opposite the post office.
A: Oh, I know that area. Is there a bus stop nearby
B: Yes, there is. Bus No. 7 and 12 stop right in front of it.
4. 规划旅行
A: We’re planning a trip to Beijing during the holiday. How can we get there from here
B: You can either take a high-speed train or fly. The train takes about 5 hours and the plane takes about 2 hours, but you need to get to the airport early.
A: How far is the airport from the city centre
B: It’s quite far, about 30 kilometres. It takes at least an hour to get there by car.
六、易错点提醒
1. 方位介词 across 与 through 的混淆:
across 强调从表面横穿。
through 强调从内部空间穿过。
We walked across the forest.(指从森林中间穿过)
We walked through the forest.
We swam across the river.(横渡河流表面)
2. by + 交通工具(无冠词) vs. take/a ride in + 冠词+交通工具:
by 后直接加交通工具单数,无冠词、无复数。
take/in/on 后交通工具常有冠词或修饰语。
I go to school by a bike.
I go to school by bike.
I ride a bike to school. / I go to school on my bike.
3. arrive in 与 arrive at 的区别:
arrive in + 大地方(国家、城市)。
arrive at + 小地方(车站、酒店、学校等具体地点)。
We will arrive at Beijing tomorrow.(北京是大城市)
We will arrive in Beijing tomorrow.
We arrived at the hotel at 8 pm.
4. 问路时“向左转”的表达:
turn left(动词短语)
on the left(介词短语,表示状态)
Turn to left at the corner.
Turn left at the corner.
The shop is on the left.
5. It takes...句型中的人称代词形式:
take 后的代词用宾格。
It takes he 20 minutes.
It takes him 20 minutes.
6. how long 的双重含义:
问时间长度:How long does it take (花费多长时间?)
问物体长度:How long is the river (这条河多长?)
根据上下文判断含义。

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