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新外研版英语八年级上册 Unit 2 Getting along 知识清单
一、核心词汇 (Key Words)
kind (善良的) helpful (乐于助人的) honest (诚实的)
friendly (友好的) polite (有礼貌的) patient (耐心的)
generous (慷慨的) cheerful (快乐的) responsible (有责任心的)
humorous (幽默的) serious (严肃的) shy (害羞的)
relationship (关系) friendship (友谊) classmate (同班同学)
teammate (队友) partner (伙伴，搭档) neighbour (邻居)
trust (信任) secret (秘密) get along/on (with sb) (与某人相处)
share (sth with sb) (分享) care (about sb/sth) (关心) understand (理解)
respect (尊重) communicate (交流) argue (争吵)
forgive (原谅) apologise (to sb for sth) (道歉) trust (信任)
二、重点短语及句型 (Key Phrases & Sentence Patterns)
1. 描述人际关系状态
get along/on well (with sb) (与某人相处融洽)
I get along well with my classmates.
have a good relationship (with sb) (与某人关系良好)
be friends (with sb) (是朋友)
We have been friends for five years.
be close to sb (与某人亲近)
have something/nothing in common (有/没有共同点)
2. 给予与寻求建议
You should (do)... (你应该...)
Why don’t you (do)... (你为什么不...？)
How/What about (doing)... (...怎么样？)
It’s a good idea to (do)... (做...是个好主意。)
You’d better (not) (do)... (你最好（不要）...)
What should I do (我该怎么做？)
Can you give me some advice (你能给我一些建议吗？)
3. 表达情感与态度
I’m sorry about/for... (我为...感到抱歉。)
Thank you for (doing)... (谢谢你...)
Don’t worry. (别担心。)
It doesn’t matter. (没关系。)
That’s OK / Not at all. (没关系。)
I agree/disagree (with you). (我同意/不同意（你）。)
4. 解释原因与结果
because... (因为...)
so... (所以...)
That’s why... (那就是为什么...)
The reason is that... (原因是...)
三、语法知识 (Grammar Focus)
1. 形容词比较级 (Comparative Degree of Adjectives)
功能：比较两个人或事物的性质、特征等。
结构：
规则变化：
一般加 er：tall → taller，fast → faster
以 e 结尾加 r：nice → nicer，large → larger
辅音字母+y结尾，变 y 为 i 加 er：friendly → friendlier，happy → happier
重读闭音节结尾，双写末尾字母加 er：big → bigger，thin → thinner
多音节词及部分双音节词前加 more：helpful → more helpful，patient → more patient
常用句型：
A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B
Lily is taller than Lucy.
He is more outgoing than his brother.
Which/Who is + 形容词比较级, A or B
Which is bigger, an apple or an orange
比较级 + and + 比较级 (越来越...)
The weather is getting colder and colder.
2. 提建议的多种表达 (Ways of Giving Advice) (句型归纳与巩固)
本单元重点归纳几种提建议的句型，注意其后所接动词形式：
You should / shouldn’t + 动词原形 (你应该/不应该...)
Why don’t you + 动词原形 ... (你为什么不...？)
How / What about + doing ... (...怎么样？)
It’s a good idea to + 动词原形 (做...是个好主意。)
You’d better (not) + 动词原形 (你最好（不要）...)
3. 连词 because 和 so 的正确使用
because (因为) 引导原因状语从句。
I like him because he is kind.
so (所以) 连接表示结果的句子。
He is kind, so I like him.
注意：在同一个句子中，because 和 so 不能同时出现。
正确：I am tired because I stayed up late.
正确：I stayed up late, so I am tired.
错误：Because I stayed up late, so I am tired.
四、交际用语 (Communicative Expressions)
1. 解决矛盾与道歉
I’m really sorry. (我真的很抱歉。)
That was my fault. (那是我的错。)
Let’s forget it. (让我们忘了吧。)
Shake hands (握手言和吧？)
No problem. (没问题。)
2. 表达感谢与回应
Thanks for your help/advice. (谢谢你的帮助/建议。)
My pleasure. / You’re welcome. (不客气。)
I’m glad I could help. (很高兴我能帮忙。)
3. 谈论友谊
A friend in need is a friend indeed. (患难见真情。)
We always help each other. (我们总是互相帮助。)
A true friend... (一个真正的朋友...)
五、易错点提示
1. 形容词比较级的不规则变化：
good/well → better
bad/ill → worse
many/much → more
little → less
far → farther/further
2. 使用比较级时，比较对象要一致：
正确：My hair is longer than hers (her hair).
错误：My hair is longer than her.
3. “more and more” 与 “比较级+and+比较级”：
多音节词：The story is more and more interesting.
单音节词：The day gets longer and longer.
4. “had better” 后接动词原形，否定式为 “had better not do”：
正确：You had better go now.
正确：You had better not be late.
错误：You had better to go.

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