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(共18张PPT)
Restrictive relative clauses
Review
She is the one ( that you’ll never forget. )
先行词
定语从句
关系代词
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
1. 连接作用，连接主从句；
2. 指代先行词，甚至整个主句；
3. 在从句中充当句子成分。
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句，其作用相当于形容词。(充当定语的从句)
定语从句一定放在先行词(被修饰的名词或代词)之后。
What is restrictive relative clause
Review
（二）关系代词及其用法
关系代词 指代 在定语从句中所充当的成分 人 物 主语 宾语 定语
that
which
who
whom
whose
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
1.He likes to use the dictionary was published in 1986.
2. Have you seen the books he bought yesterday
3. The boys are planting trees on the hill are middle school students.
4. The student we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
5. She is the girl father is a professor.
6.He lives in the room windows face south.
which/that
which/that
who/that
who/whom/that
whose
whose
Review
关系副词 指代 在从句中充当的成分 例句
when
where
why
time
时间状语
place
reason
地点状语
原因状语
作状语，即从句成分齐全，且不缺主，宾，表，定语。
the day when I first met him.
the house where I lives.
the reason why you lied to me.
Review
口诀
缺状用副（where/when/why），缺主宾用（which/that）。先行词是时地因，从句完整副才来。
结论：当先行词为表示时间的名词(如：day, time, week, month, year等)，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，定语从句用when引导,可用介词in/at/on/during+which替代when。
1. I still remember the time ______________ I was in college.
2. I still remember the day I met you.
1. when引导的定语从句
when/during which
when/on which
★不能看到时间就用when,看从句缺什么成分
I’ll never forget the day _____________ I lived in the mountains.
when/on which
I’ll never forget the day _______________ I spent in the mountains.
that/which/省略
结论：当先行词为表示具体地点的名词(如：place, house, airport等)或抽象地点的名词(如：point, case, situation, stage, position, condition等) ，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，定语从句用where引导,可用介词＋which代替。
1. This is the hotel they stayed.
2. where引导的定语从句
where/at which
2.He gets into a situation_____________it is hard to decide what is right or wrong.
where/in which
译为“到了某种地步，在某种境况下”
★不能看到地点就用where，看从句缺什么成分
This is the house______________he was born.
where/in which
This is the house ______________was set up by his parents.
that/which
结论：当先行词为表示原因的名词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语，定语从句用why引导,用介词for＋which代替。
1. This is the reason he left in a hurry.
3. why引导的定语从句
why/for which
2.I don't believe the reason he didn't turn to his friends for help yesterday.
why/for which
★不能看到原因就用why,看从句缺什么成分
This is the reason ________________he was late.
why/for which
This is the reason ____________________he told us for his being late.
that/which
在“介词+关系代词”结构中，如何准确地选择介词呢？
确定介词原则一：
根据主从句之间的意思确定所需介词。
This is the book _____ which
I got the story.
from
由于句意含有“从……”的意思，所以用介词 from。
确定介词原则二：
根据从句动词、形容词等构成的短语确定所需介词。
This road will take me to the place ____ which I belong.
根据大意，从句意为“我属于的地方”。根据短语“belong to”可知空格处应填 to。
to
Jack is the very person ________ I will turn when in trouble.
据题干大意，从句意为“我遇到困难可以求助的人”。“求助”即“turn to”，又因先行词指人，故答案为 “to whom”。
to whom
确定介词原则三：
根据先行词确定所需介词。
The song often takes me back to the day when the accident happened.
The song often takes me back to the day _____ which the accident happened.
据第一句可知，第二句中which用来指先行词“the day”，在从句中意为“在这天”，故填介词“on”。
on
当先行词是表事物的名词或代词时，可由“介词+which”引导从句。
1. The city in which she lives is far away.
2. The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.
当先行词是表人的名词或代词时，可由“介词+whom”引导从句。
1. The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.
2. He is a learned man with whom we are familiar.
关系副词 相当于 被代替的先行词 在从句中作成分
where
when
why
in,at,on,under等介词+which
表示地点的名词
at,in,on,during等介词+which
地点状语
表示时间的名词
时间状语
for+which
reason
原因状语
Summarize
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