Unit 1 Time to Relax 语法及练习题(含答案) -2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

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Unit 1 Time to Relax 语法及练习题(含答案) -2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

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八年级下册第一单元
主情景图
1. talk about谈论…
2. spend+时间/钱(in) doing sth花费时间或钱做…
spend +时间/钱 on sth在…上花费时间/钱
3. use sth to do sth用某物去做某事
4. provide sth提供…
provide sb with sth给某人提供某物
provide sth for sb给某人提供某物
听说第一页的听力原文
5. help sb (to ) do sth帮助某人做...
6. show sb sth= show sth to sb给某人看...
7. at weekends= at the weekend在周末
8. Ask away. 口语常用表达,意思是尽管问吧/想问什么就问,用于热情允许对方提问,语气自然友好。
9. get into sth开始从事/迷上…;陷入困境/不好的状态;进入…
get into doing sth迷上做…
10. decide to do sth决定做…
11. give it a go试一试,尝试一下
12. at first 起初,一开始
13. a lot 副词短语,①动词+a lot,表 “大量地、经常、很”(最常用)。②a lot+修饰形容词 / 副词比较级,表 “…… 得多”
听说第二页的听力原文里
14.I hurt all over!我浑身都疼 / 我全身都痛
all over:到处、遍及全身、浑身
15. expect to do sth期待,打算做…
expect sb to do sth期待某人做某事
16. encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做…
17. get back up重新站起来,重新振作起来
18. tell sb (not) to do sth告诉某人(不要)做…
19. give up放弃
20. 只有不定代词/疑问词/指示代词这类特殊代词,能和be动词缩写
21. used to do sth.过去常常做某事
22. be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
23. be used to do sth.被用来做某事(被动语态,与use sth. to do sth.对应)
24. get over克服(困难、恐惧);熬过(难关);从(疾病、伤心事)中恢复过来
25. have fun (in) doing sth. in做某事很开心
3页
26. be afraid to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事(侧重因内心恐惧、胆怯而不敢行动)
be afraid of sb./sth 害怕某人/某物(后接名词/代词)
27. by+动ing:通过…方式
4页
28. What are you up to 你最近在忙什么?/你这会儿在做什么?
up to正在做;由某人决定
29. in return作为回报
30. teach sb (not) to do sth教授某人(不)做某事
31. watch sb do sth看见某人做完/经常做某事
watch sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事
32. start to do sth开始做某事
33. spend 时间/钱 (in)doing sth花费时间/钱去做某事
spend 时间/钱 on sth在某事上花费时间/钱
34. choose to do sth选择做某事
35. manage to do sth设法做成某事(强调克服困难后成功完成)
36. make + sb./sth. + 形容词(使某人 / 某物……)
make + sb./sth. + 名词(使某人 / 某物成为……)
make + it + 形容词 + to do sth.(使得做……是……)
make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
37. It’s a great way to do sth.做某事的一个好方法。
5页
38. try to do sth和try doing sth都可以表示尝试做某事。
但他们两个之间也有区别;try to do sth表示努力做,try doing sth表示试着做。
39. ask sb to do sth要求某人做某事
40. would love to do sth想要做某事,很愿意做某事。是would like to do sth的语气加强版。
41. It’s +形容词+to do sth.做某事是…的。
It’s +形容词+not to do sth。不要做某事是……的。
42. worry about担心,担忧
be worried about 担心,担忧
43. too much+不可数名词:太多的……
动词+too much: …的太多
44. get into开始做某事;进入
45. once in a while偶尔地;间或
46. go on an outing出外游玩
6页
47. find……+形容词:发现……是……的
find……+名词:发现……是……
find……+doing sth:发现……正在做……
find……+do sth发现……做了某事
find+it+形容词+to do sth:发现做某事是……的
48. on the other hand另一方面
49. calm down 冷静、平静下来
50. such as比如,例如。后面接名词,代词,动词ing
51. for example比如,例如。后接句子。
52. remember to do sth记得去做某事
remember doing sth记得做过某事
start out一开始是,出发
allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事
allow doing sth允许做某事
55. a sense of一种…的感觉
56. prefer 名词/代词: 更喜欢…
prefer (not) to do sth宁愿做…
prefer doing A to doing B比起做B更喜欢做A
prefer to do A rather than (to) do B宁愿做A而不愿做B
7页
dream of梦想;希望
send sb sth=send sth to sb寄/送某物给某人
so形容词/副词原级that句子。如此…以致于…
put up举起,张贴,搭建
in the future在将来
share sth with sb跟某人分享给某物
8页
get over克服,战胜(困难、恐惧、缺点); 从(疾病、震惊、悲伤等)中恢复过来; 把……忘怀,放下
think about: 一般的“思考、考虑”。
think of: 侧重“想到”或“认为”。
think over: 侧重“仔细、认真地考虑”
67. as long as只要,(时间上)长达
so far到目前为止
get better at变得更擅长于…
be scared of害怕…,对…感到恐惧
be scared to do sth不敢去做…
seem+形容词:好像…,似乎…
seem+(to be)+名词:似乎是个…
seem to do sth似乎要做…,好像要做…
72. after all毕竟,终究
9页
73. take up开始(学习、运动、爱好等);占据(时间、空间等)
such + a/an +( 形容词) + 可数名词单数 :如此的…,这样的…
such +( 形容词 )+ 可数名词复数:如此的…,这样的…
such +( 形容词) + 不可数名词:如此的…,这样的…
enjoy +动ing:喜欢做…
be+形容词+to do sth做某事是…
bring sb sth=bring sth to sb把某物带给某人
10页
learn about sth.:了解、学习关于某事物的知识/信息
本单元语法点
动词不定式做状语
表目的,可以翻译为:为了……。一般放在句首或句尾。
例句:To catch the train, I got up early.
I got up early to catch the train. (我早起是为了赶火车。)
表原因,可以翻译为:因为……。
常用于形容词的后面,比如:happy, glad, sad, surprised.
例句:I am sad to fail the exam.(因为考试失败我是伤心的。)
表结果,可以翻译为:结果却……。
常和only连用,表示意外、没想到、失望的结果。
例句:Lucy hurried to the station, only to find the bus gone.(露西急忙赶到车站,结果却发现车走了。)
What have I done to deserve this
我做了什么竟落得这样的结果?
总结:动词不定式做状语时,一般放在句尾。除了动词不定式之后,剩下的部分依然是一个完整的句子。所以,考试时遇到完整的句子后用动词的什么形式就可以考虑是动词不定式。
动词不定式作宾语补足语
是补充说明宾语要做什么。一般来说是用在谓语动词+宾语的后面。其实,完全可以把动词不定式作宾语理解为动词短语。
比如:want sb to do sth, encourage sb to do sth, tell sb to do sth.
My mother wants me to be a doctor. (我妈妈想要我成为一名医生。)
My father encouraged me to read books every day. (我爸爸鼓励我每天读书。)
练习题
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
My mother seemed______(learn) writing essays.
I want _____ (be) a teacher in the future.
Lucy often encourages her brother ______ (do) his homework on time.
My father allowed me _____ (return) the book.
My teacher always asks us_____ (listen) to her carefully.
Tom teaches Tim _____ (play) football.
Lucy told Lily _____ (give) this pen to Tom.
Lucy’s father expects Lucy_____ (play) the piano every Saturday.
Chen Jie went to the supermarket _____(buy) some vegetables.
The problem is difficult _____(solve).
Jim ran quickly ______ (get) on the bus.
I am happy ______ (help) you.
Tom came here _____ (play) basketball with his friends.
Jim learns maths well _____ (get) good grades.
He rode the bike quickly ______ (not be) late.
答案: 1. to learn 2. to be 3. to do 4. to return 5. to listen 6. to play 7. to give 8. to play 9. to buy 10. to solve 11. to get 12. to play 13. to play 14. to get 15. not to be
The i_____ of the football team do well in directing players in the match.

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