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Unit 7 Space exploration：Grammar教学设计
教学内容 Vocabulary practice（p. 103），Grammar（pp.105–106）
主要语篇 Life in space；语法板块语篇
教学目标 通过本课的学习，学生能够： 认读并理解afford、mistake、hit、routine、gym等核心词汇。 2. 掌握过去进行时的含义、结构和用法，以及while一词在该时态中的用法。 3. 灵活运用过去进行时，完成记者采访宇航员的角色扮演任务。
教学重点 掌握过去进行时的结构和用法以及while一词在该时态中的用法。
教学难点 过去进行时在具体情境中的运用。
【教学过程】
Step 1 复习回顾
学生集体朗读主阅读篇章，随后通过查找文中关键信息，圈出关键词，简要回答问题等活动回顾文章结构与主要内容。
Step 2 词汇学习
教师与学生核对课本第103页活动1和活动2的答案，鼓励学生大胆讲出答案。学生认读并理解afford、mistake、hit、routine、gym等核心词汇，积累与“太空探索”相关的表达，为后续的语言活动做准备。
学生完成活动3，口头描述宇航员的太空生活。教师可以邀请2–3名同学进行口头分享。
Step 3 观察与发现
教师通过图片、问题链等方式，引入过去进行时，学生初步了解该时态使用的情境。
T：Look! Here is a picture of the Tiangong space station. At 7 p.m. yesterday, Nie Haisheng’s family were having dinner. What was Nie Haisheng doing at that time
Ss：He was repairing equipment.
T：Yes! While Nie Haisheng’s family were having dinner at 7:00p.m. yesterday, Nie Haisheng was repairing equipment. If we want to talk about what someone was doing at a particular time in the past, for example, “He was repairing equipment at 7:00 p.m. yesterday,” what tense should we use ”
Ss：We can use the past continuous.
T：Yes, that’s right!（教师板书标题：The past continuous）
Step 4 总结与归纳
学生阅读课本第105页的解说与例句，在教师的引导下总结过去进行时的含义和结构，教师可以适当进行板书：
肯定句：subject + was/were + verb-ing
否定句：subject + was/were + not + verb-ing
疑问句：Was/ Were + subject + verb-ing
肯定回答：Yes, subject + was/were.
否定回答：No, subject + was not/wasn’t (were not/ weren’t).
学生阅读课本第105页Look部分的内容，了解while一词在过去进行时中的用法，教师可以准备更多例句或提供以下练习，帮助学生更好理解其用法。
用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
While I was cooking dinner, my brother was setting the table. (set)
She was reading a novel while he was watching TV. (read)
While the teacher was explaining the grammar point, the students were taking notes. (take)
She was knitting a sweater while he was reading the newspaper. (knit)
While I was brushing my teeth, my roommate was making coffee. (brush)
学生回忆一般过去时的结构与使用情境，并对比其与过去进行时的区别，随后完成课本第105页活动1，并与教师核对答案。教师还可以通过提问的形式，延伸太空垃圾的话题，并让学生在回答时进一步体会一般过去时与过去进行时的区别：
What happened in space on 11 February 2009
What were the two satellites doing before the crash
What things were space agencies tracking before the crash What didn’t they notice
Step 5 巩固与运用
教师展示一张宇航员一天活动的时间安排表，并提问：“If you were an astronaut, what would you write in your diary about your daily life in space How would you describe what you were doing at a specific time ” 从而引导学生思考描述“过去某一时刻正在做的事”需要用过去进行时。学生通过补全宇航员日记片段，进一步巩固对过去进行时用法的理解。
15 June, 2023
At 7:00 a.m., I was brushing (brush) my teeth while the sun was rising (rise) outside the window. When I got to the dining area at 7:30, my teammates were preparing (prepare) food. At 8:00, we were having (have) breakfast and talking (talk) about the day’s tasks ...
角色扮演：学生以四人为一组进行互动采访，完成课本第106页的Grammar in use活动。准备结束后，邀请学生上台展示小组的采访。
Step 6 讨论与分享
*若学生程度较好，教师可以采用以下活动：
地球观察者报告：学生通过切换观察者视角（地球上的科学家/家人），使用过去进行时描述“宇航员在空间站工作的时候，地球上的人在做什么？”，在情境中进一步操练运用所学知识。
教师提问：“While the astronauts were working in space, what were people on Earth doing What about your family, scientists in the control center, or your classmates ”。
撰写短文：学生以“地球观察者”的身份，独立写一段5–6句话的短文，描述“当宇航员在太空做……时，地球上的人正在做……”，要求正确使用过去进行时。例如：While the astronauts were fixing the solar panels in space at 10:00 a.m. yesterday, scientists on Earth were watching their actions on computers. In the control centre, engineers were checking the data carefully. ...
分享交流：邀请3至4名学生朗读自己的短文，其他学生倾听，教师提问：“What were the astronauts doing What were people on Earth doing at the same time ”，教师重点反馈学生过去进行时的使用是否准确。
【评价】
课后指导学生填写以下学习评价表：
评价内容 评分（1-5）
我能认读并掌握afford、mistake、hit、daily routine、gym 等核心词汇。 1 2 3 4 5
2. 我能掌握过去进行时的含义、结构和用法，以及while一词在该时态中的具体用法。 1 2 3 4 5
3. 我能灵活运用过去进行时完成记者采访宇航员的角色扮演任务。 1 2 3 4 5
【课后作业】
基础作业：
熟练朗读课本第105页的语篇。
完成课本第140页的语法巩固练习。
拓展作业：
预习课本第104页Listening内容。通过上网或AI工具查询，了解太空垃圾产生的原因、危害及解决措施。

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