资源简介

2025-2026学年北师版英语高二年级下学期开学摸底考试英语模拟卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从是题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt
A.19.15. B.9.18. C.9.15.
答案是C.
1. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a grocery store. B. In a restaurant. C. In a print shop.
2. What is Diana doing
A. Lying in bed. B. Flying a kite. C. Seeing a film.
3. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Patient and doctor. B. Mother and son. C.Classmates.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. Sports facilities. B.Air-conditioners. C. Gym improvements.
5. When will the speakers reach the venue of the concert
A.At 10:40. B.At 10:30 C.At 11:00.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6,7题。
6. What does the man's parents want him to be
A. A writer. B. A doctor. C. A teacher.
7. What will the woman do
A. Surf the Internet. B. Talk with her parents. C. Visit her teacher.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What does the woman say about school uniforms
A. They stress equality. B. They cost less money. C. They brings more joy.
9. How does the man like school uniforms
A.Cheap. B.Ordinary. C.Expressive.
10. What solution does the woman suggest
A. Offer more color choices.
B. Label a mark to uniforms.
C. Lower prices of uniforms.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the man stay up late
A. He studies for the exam. B. He plays on the phone. C. He listens to music.
12. What does the woman suggest for falling asleep
A. Counting sheep. B. Breathing deeply. C. Clearing the mind.
13. What does the woman think of the sleeping pills
A. They work short-term. B. They have side effects. C. They are hard to buy.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where does the man want to go on vacation
A. To the beach. B. To the mountains. C. To a historical city.
15. What does the woman like to do most on vacation
A. Go hiking. B. Play water sports. C. Try local dishes.
16. What does the man usually do before a trip
A. Buy some maps. B. Book a room. C. Consult a guide.
17. How will the woman find reliable restaurants
A. By asking the hotel staff. B. By walking around the city. C. By reading online comments.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How often is the Songkran Festival held
A. Once a year. B. Twice a month. C. Three times a year.
19. How long does the Songkran Festival last
A. 1 day. B.3 days. C.5 days.
20.Which part of the Songkran Festival is mostly liked by the speaker
A. The food. B. The atmosphere. C. The clothing.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15个小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Celebrating with Clear Sky
Fireworks, long used in celebrations, could commit lasting damage to the delicate environment. Good news — celebrations are getting a high-tech, eco-friendly makeover! Forget loud bangs and smoky skies. Check out these awesome new ways to light up the night!
Drone Shows — Like a Sci-Fi movie
Drone shows generate zero pollution, and they are controlled by precise GPS and intelligent programming, which avoid the fire danger and accidental burns. Drones are reusable, making the shows more cost-effective in the long run compared to one-time fireworks displays.
Digital Fireworks — Just press play
At the Hangzhou Asian Games, AR was used to create stunning 3D fireworks. Audiences at the site can still experience the fireworks atmosphere through a huge screen that is 185 meters wide and 15 meters high. At home, your phone screen might just become the best seat through the live broadcast.
Silent Fireworks — Keep it calm & bright
Quiet household fireworks for birthdays, weddings and housewarmings deliver lively light shows without the scary BOOM. They get rid of the big noise so that kids, pets, and everyone can enjoy the sparkle without the panic. It’s a colorful win for fun and kindness.
Eco Balloons — Fireworks alternatives
Shuyang balloons are made of a special material that breaks down naturally. They can float gracefully, sparkle brightly and burst cheerfully in the grand ceremony. Notably, 80,000 of these eco-friendly balloons were released at the Tiananmen Square, which was very impressive.
Celebrations are evolving — brighter, smarter, and kinder to Earth. Next time you look up at the sky, imagine a show that dazzles without damage. The future of fun is green and gorgeous!
21．Why are these new celebration ways recommended according to the text
A．To avoid ecological damage. B．To express artists’ inspiration.
C．To create high-tech experiences. D．To enhance festival atmosphere.
22．Why are drone shows more cost-effective than traditional fireworks in the long run
A．They are reusable. B．They cause no noise.
C．They use GPS control. D．They have a lower risk of fire.
23．Which of the following is the most suitable for family events celebration
A．Drone shows. B．Silent fireworks.
C．3D digital fireworks. D．Shuyang balloons.
B
Nostalgia (怀旧) is a complex emotion, which blends longing for a cherished past and the bitter-sweet realization that one can never fully return to that time.
A team of researchers wondered whether nostalgia might help people manage their social connections and networks. So they conducted a series of studies examining whether nostalgia not only brings temporary feelings of connectedness but also motivates people to seek and eventually achieve close connection with others.
In the first two studies, the researchers surveyed 449 undergraduate students from the University at Buffalo and an additional 396 U. S. adults. Participants completed a questionnaire measuring “nostalgia proneness (倾向)” to assess how frequently they felt nostalgic and how important they found those experiences to be. They also reported the number of people in their “closest networks”, “close networks” and “less close networks”.
Participants who were highly prone to nostalgia had more people in their inner-most friendship circle. Further, this tendency was linked to their motivation to maintain their social network. Nostalgic people seem to be more driven to invest resources in keeping their relationships over time.
However, it was not clear from the data whether nostalgia caused changes in behavior and motivation. In a third study, they investigated it by analyzing data from the Netherlands that tracked the same group of 520 participants from 2013 to 2019, recording things such as their proneness to nostalgia and their social network size. The finding most exciting to the team had something to do with change over time. Nostalgia measured at an earlier time predicted a larger network of close ties later, suggesting nostalgia could be driving changes in social behavior that promote connection.
So go ahead and listen to your favorite song from primary school or watch the TV show that made you laugh when you were young. Nostalgia may act as an emotional signal that guides us to reflect on what truly matters in our lives and inspires us to live to the fullest in the present with our loved ones and aim to move toward a shared future.
24．Why did the researchers conduct the studies
A．To check nostalgia’s impact on memory. B．To measure nostalgia’s temporary effects.
C．To see if nostalgia strengthens social bonds. D．To test if nostalgia controls people’s behavior.
25．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3
A．The assessment tool. B．The research process.
C．The technical challenge. D．The theoretical foundation.
26．What did the third study find about people prone to nostalgia
A．They preferred online social interactions. B．They tended to expand social ties with age.
C．They thought highly of stable relationships. D．They were more popular in social networks.
27．What is the author’s attitude toward nostalgia’s social role
A．Critical. B．Doubtful. C．Favourable. D．Cautious.
C
As the water rose around me, my heart hammered in my chest and I gasped for breath. I wasn’t drowning: I was in water 1.2m deep at the shallow end of a swimming pool. But in my head I might as well have been.
As long as I can remember, the idea of drowning has terrified me. Now, at 43, I finally began learning to swim in the same pool in which my two sons, aged five and eight, had had their lessons. To my left, their peers were doing lengths. “You can do this,” said my teacher.
Her gentle encouragement was a far cry from the swimming lessons I took as a student, which only led me to double down on my dislike of water: the tight swimming cap tugging at my long hair, the strange echo of voices and the discomfort of pulling a uniform back onto damp skin. People occasionally put it to me that swimming could save my life; I explained I already had a strategy to avoid drowning — I didn’t go near water.
And I’d have carried on this way if my younger son, Max, hadn’t started swimming lessons last year. My older son, Ralph, was already fearless in the water. Watching the boys splash about with big grins, I finally realized I didn’t want them to think I was too scared to try something they did without a second thought.
Six months since starting, I have been able to complete a length of the 25m pool with a handheld float. Last week my five-year-old swam a width unaided, so I’m using him as inspiration to push towards the goal of letting go of a float altogether. Right now, I’m happy to tell anyone about my lessons. Although my second biggest worry after drowning came true last week when I bumped into my older son’s schoolfriend at the pool. “Where’s Ralph ” he asked. I had to explain it was me taking the lesson.
28．What do the underlined words “double down on” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Express. B．Increase. C．Relieve. D．Hide.
29．Why did the author finally decide to start learning to swim
A．To share her swimming experience with others.
B．To avoid the embarrassment of being seen struggling.
C．To show her children that she wasn't too scared to try.
D．To overcome childhood fear of swimming lessons.
30．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．She completely shakes off the fear of drowning.
B．She is honest about the fact that she is learning to swim.
C．She feels comfortable practicing in public without embarrassment.
D．She has already mastered swimming well enough to stop using a float.
31．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．The Inspiration from Children to Learn to Swim
B．Life-Saving Skills Everyone should Master Early
C．Never Go near Water: A Childhood Filled with fear
D．Learn to Swim: A Mother's Journey of Overcoming Fear
D
Every year across the world, vaccines (疫苗) prevent as many as five million people from dying. Unfortunately, most vaccines need to be kept cool to stop them from going off. This makes it difficult to transport them to remote areas, because if they get too warm they won’t work. This is what Dr Asel Sartbaeva has been attempting to solve.
Growing up, Asel Sartbaeva always looked up to scientists like Michael Faraday and Marie Curie. When she studied at Cambridge University in England, she met an award-winning physicist called Brian Josephson. “My jaw dropped,” she said, “It felt like a ‘big thing’ for me to be working in the same place as scientists I had looked up to for so long.”
In 2010, Asel Sartbaeva took her daughter Melinda to be vaccinated. She noticed the doctor had kept the vaccines in the fridge. When she got home, she started reading about it online and found that there are places around the world where vaccines can’t be delivered because they can’t be refrigerated for the whole journey — meaning some people miss out on getting vaccines. Sartbaeva wanted to invent a way to keep vaccines stable at all temperatures, so she came up with ensilication.
Over the next few years, Sartbaeva and her team have tested out a number of different ways to see if the ensilicated vaccines can be kept stable when they’re out of the fridge. One of these experiments involved sending some vaccines in the post from Bath to Newcastle. The journey is more than 300 miles, which can take a day or two by post, but the vaccines were still safe to use when they arrived.
In 2021, Sartbaeva was named a UNICEF Ambassador for Girls in Science project. She designed experiments to get more girls interested in the science-based subjects. “In addition to my scientific and teaching work, I want t to make scientific discoveries closer and d more understandable to people,” she said.
32．What does the underlined phrase “going off” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Boiling. B．Being misused. C．Failing. D．Being polluted.
33．How did Sartbaeva feel about her meeting with Brian Josephson
A．Honored. B．Scared. C．Amused. D．Embarrassed.
34．What inspired Sartbaeva’s idea of ensilication
A．Limitations of the vaccine storage.
B．Vaccine shortages in some places.
C．Her daughter’s unexpected illness.
D．The children’s high demand for vaccines.
35．Why does the author mention the journey in paragraph 4
A．To introduce the core of ensilication.
B．To show the effectiveness of ensilication.
C．To compare different means of transportation.
D．To emphasize the hardship of the experiment.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 。
Living in the same room with someone for a whole school year is a source of anxiety for most college freshmen. 36 Many college roommates become lifelong friends. Here are tips for an enjoyable and supportive roommate bond.
It is quite common for roommates to hold distinct needs and preferences. For instance, one may have a higher standard for a neat and orderly living space than the other, or you may prefer to listen to music while studying, whereas your roommate can’t concentrate with it on. 37 Share these preferences and expectations early on. It’ll save you both from unnecessary conflicts.
You could be an outgoing person who loves being around people and feels energized in groups, but that might not be true of your roommate. They may need some quiet time. 38 Try alternating between who uses the room and who heads to the library. Talk it over, and make sure you don’t overstep boundaries when inviting others over.
39 Don’t wait until they grow enormous. Is your roommate doing something that’s bothering you Borrowing your things without asking Leaving the room a mess too often Address these issues in a calm and friendly manner the moment you notice them. It’s way easier to fix a problem when it first comes up than when it turns into a deep-seated issue.
College is a period for learning and growth for you and your roommate. 40 New challenges will surface along the way. You might begin with a close bond and gradually drift apart, or it could be the other way around — growing closer over time. Don’t stay stuck in the past. Be open to transformations and go with the flow!
A．You two can’t be on good terms.
B．Solve problems while they’re still small.
C．Don’t disclose others’ private information.
D．Yet having a roommate can be quite rewarding.
E．So be careful about bringing friends into your room.
F．Clear and open communication from the get-go is vital.
G．During this time, you will both undergo multiple changes.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15个小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I have become an empty nester (空巢者) since my boy started university. When he came home after his first year, we faced huge late-night kitchen chaos and his 41 our previously orderly home. Honestly, it caused much more annoyance than I cared to admit. That summer was 42 . Therefore, after his third year, my son and I had a truly insightful conversation.
I asked his advice on how I could handle his such behaviors. His response was surprisingly 43 . He just said that there was no secret plan to drive me crazy. He was merely being a 44 unaware teenager. He likely hadn’t 45 half the times I’d asked him to clean up. Each time the task went undone, I grew angrier until I was 46 . But he often genuinely 47 why I was so mad.
That conversation was a 48 . It seemed as if I’d been 49 a look behind the curtain to understand what was going on. I thought about how I could 50 my prior approach. I could lead with kindness and aim for 51 over cleanliness. I began with baby steps by 52 reminding him that he needed to tidy his room to use the family car.
My new approach was met by signs of positive 53 . That summer was over. As my boy was leaving the nest, I 54 that as a parent, I was always adjusting and learning that the best way to hold on was learning to 55 .
41．A．messing B．creating C．maintaining D．restoring
42．A．pleasant B．rough C．busy D．hot
43．A．plain B．encouraging C．typical D．cautious
44．A．self-taught B．self-centred C．self-disciplined D．self-driven
45．A．forgotten B．recorded C．registered D．written
46．A．crazy B．silent C．tired D．tough
47．A．suspected B．wondered C．realized D．regretted
48．A．game changer B．road block C．green light D．deal breaker
49．A．denied B．blocked C．guaranteed D．gifted
50．A．advocate B．adopt C．shift D．justify
51．A．freedom B．protection C．peace D．control
52．A．proudly B．angrily C．desperately D．calmly
53．A．resistance B．view C．change D．sense
54．A．pointed out B．made out C．tried out D．figured out
55．A．create B．bargain C．praise D．communicate
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Stoke-on-Trent, a city in Staffordshire, is England’s Ceramic (陶瓷) Heartland due to its centuries-old ceramic-making heritage. Shops along its streets display various plates painted with delicate willows, arching bridges and Chinese-style pavilions. For 56 (local), these pattens borrowed from traditional Chinese paintings are as familiar as the smell of kiln (窑炉) smoke that once 57 (hang) over the town.
In the Qing Dynasty, such designs helped boost exports from Jingdezhen, China’s china capital. Export wares travelled to Staffordshire, where 58 (ambition) craftsmen studied them closely, copying the cobalt blue and reworking the scenes into 59 became the most popular ceramic designs of England. This is a product of cultural exchange.
Stoke-on-Trent was home to famous British ceramic brands like Spode. But in the 1990s, mass production and rising costs shook the industry. The big names became 60 (little) valued than before.
Jingdezhen faced similar challenges then, but found a way to reinvent 61 (it) by transforming old kiln plants into creative districts, with the well-known Taoxichuan Ceramic Art Avenue as 62 example. During a visit to Jingdezhen, Stoke-on-Trent Mayor Steve Watkins 63 (amaze) by the change, saying, “Jingdezhen has managed to include the time-honored craftsmanship and creativity into the core of its overall layout, and successfully encouraged the younger generation 64 (make) a living within the city.”
At an international meeting 65 (hold) last autumn, the Mayor told the audience that the two cities, as global ceramic capitals, should pass their hard-won skills to future generations through deeper exchanges.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
66．假定你是李华，是一名高中生。得知你的笔友Bob在学校经常不吃饭，以零食代替正餐，你担心他的身体健康和学习受到影响，请你给他写一封建议信，内容包括：
1．不吃饭的危害；2．你的建议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为120词左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Bob,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Mary entered the south pole penguin (企鹅) Research Lab，she saw her twin brother Tom gently petting a penguin in his arms. As kids of the lab scientists, Mary and Tom often observed the emperor penguins that were studied to understand how they adapted to extreme temperatures, which might aid human survival.
“We’re thirteen years old, Tom. It’s time to grow up and stop playing with the lab penguins, ”said Mary as she started cleaning. “They’re research animals, not pets.” “But the birds listen to me!” insisted Tom, his breath forming a cloud in the freezing air.
Suddenly, an alarm rang out and red lights flashed, signaling a problem. The kids rushed over to look into it. She checked the habitat monitor and found that the temperature had gone down a lot. “The heater must be broken!”
Mary quickly sent a message to their parents’ research team, who were all conducting outdoor studies. “It’s freezing and let’s get out of here!” Mary warned. They ran to the lab’s heavy metal door, only to find the door sealed shut by thick ice. With the adults away and no way to escape, the kids would have to deal with the freezing conditions until help arrived.
Time dragged as Mary and Tom anxiously waited. The increasing cold caused them to shake. “I wonder what emperor penguins do in extreme cold, since they stay in the pole all winter instead of going somewhere warmer,” asked Mary. “They huddle (挤作一团),” Tom answered. “They huddle together tightly so that the birds in the middle will be warm enough.” “What about the ones on the edge ” Mary asked. “They push their way towards the center, and then move back out to the edge, and struggle back again. Scientists in the early 21st century recorded it.” He replied as he stared at the large crowd of the penguins in the lab.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150词左右；
2．续写部分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
In a flash, Tom had an idea to keep warm.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
About two hours later, their parents rushed into the lab, screaming out the kids’ names.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】１~５ BACCA ６~１０ BCABA １１~１５ BCABC １６~２０ BCABB
【答案】21．A 22．A 23．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了四种高科技、环保的新型庆祝方式，以替代传统烟花，减少对环境的破坏。
【详解】21．细节理解题。根据第一段“Fireworks, long used in celebrations, could commit lasting damage to the delicate environment. Good news — celebrations are getting a high-tech, eco-friendly makeover! (长期用于庆祝活动的烟花会对脆弱的环境造成持久破坏。好消息是，庆祝活动正在进行高科技、环保的改造)”可知，推荐这些新庆祝方式的原因是为了避免生态破坏。故选A项。
22．细节理解题。根据Drone Shows — Like a Sci-Fi movie部分“Drones are reusable, making the shows more cost-effective in the long run compared to one-time fireworks displays. (无人机可以重复使用，与一次性的烟花表演相比，从长远来看无人机表演更具成本效益)”可知，无人机表演更具成本效益的原因是它们可以重复使用。故选A项。
23．细节理解题。根据Silent Fireworks — Keep it calm & bright部分“Quiet household fireworks for birthdays, weddings and housewarmings deliver lively light shows without the scary BOOM. They get rid of the big noise so that kids, pets, and everyone can enjoy the sparkle without the panic. (用于生日、婚礼和乔迁的静音家庭烟花能呈现生动的灯光秀，却没有可怕的爆炸声。它们消除了巨大的噪音，让孩子、宠物和所有人都能安心欣赏璀璨的光芒)”可知，静音烟花最适合家庭活动庆祝。故选B项。
【答案】24．C 25．B 26．B 27．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍研究人员通过一系列研究，探究怀旧情绪是否有助于人们管理社交关系、强化社交联结，并得出怀旧能促进社交联结的结论。
【详解】24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A team of researchers wondered whether nostalgia might help people manage their social connections and networks. So they conducted a series of studies examining whether nostalgia not only brings temporary feelings of connectedness but also motivates people to seek and eventually achieve close connection with others. (一组研究人员想知道怀旧是否有助于人们管理自己的社交关系和网络。因此，他们进行了一系列研究，探究怀旧是否不仅能带来暂时的联结感，还能激励人们寻求并最终实现与他人的亲密联结)”可知，研究人员开展研究是为了弄清楚怀旧是否能强化社交联结。故选C项。
25．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“In the first two studies, the researchers surveyed 449 undergraduate students from the University at Buffalo and an additional 396 U. S. adults. Participants completed a questionnaire measuring “nostalgia proneness (倾向)” to assess how frequently they felt nostalgic and how important they found those experiences to be. They also reported the number of people in their “closest networks”, “close networks” and “less close networks”. (在前两项研究中，研究人员调查了449名来自布法罗大学的本科生和另外396名美国成年人。参与者完成了一份衡量“怀旧倾向”的问卷，以评估他们感到怀旧的频率以及他们认为这些经历的重要性。他们还报告了自己“最亲密网络”“亲密网络”和“较不亲密网络”中的人数)”可知，第三段主要讲述了前两项研究的具体实施过程，包括调查对象、调查方式和收集的信息。故选B项。
26．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In a third study, they investigated it by analyzing data from the Netherlands that tracked the same group of 520 participants from 2013 to 2019, recording things such as their proneness to nostalgia and their social network size. The finding most exciting to the team had something to do with change over time. Nostalgia measured at an earlier time predicted a larger network of close ties later, suggesting nostalgia could be driving changes in social behavior that promote connection. (在第三项研究中，他们通过分析来自荷兰的数据进行了调查，这些数据追踪了2013年至2019年期间同一组520名参与者，记录了他们的怀旧倾向和社交网络规模等情况。研究小组最令人兴奋的发现与随着时间的变化有关。早期测量的怀旧情绪预示着后来会有更大的亲密关系网络，这表明怀旧可能会推动促进联结的社交行为变化)” 可知，第三项研究发现，怀旧倾向强的人，随着时间推移，亲密社交关系会增多，即他们倾向于随着年龄增长扩大社交联结。故选B项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“So go ahead and listen to your favorite song from primary school or watch the TV show that made you laugh when you were young. Nostalgia may act as an emotional signal that guides us to reflect on what truly matters in our lives and inspires us to live to the fullest in the present with our loved ones and aim to move toward a shared future. (所以，去吧，听听你小学时最喜欢的歌，或者看看你小时候让你发笑的电视剧。怀旧可能会作为一种情感信号，引导我们思考生活中真正重要的事情，激励我们在当下与所爱之人充分生活，并朝着共同的未来前进)”可知，作者对怀旧的社交作用持支持态度，认为它能带来积极影响。故选C项。
【答案】28．B 29．C 30．B 31．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者自幼害怕溺水、厌恶游泳，在看到两个儿子从容游泳后，决心克服恐惧学习游泳的历程。
【详解】28．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Her gentle encouragement was a far cry from the swimming lessons I took as a student, which only led me to double down on my dislike of water: the tight swimming cap tugging at my long hair, the strange echo of voices and the discomfort of pulling a uniform back onto damp skin.(她温柔的鼓励与我学生时代上的游泳课截然不同，那些游泳课只会让我double down on对水的厌恶：紧绷的泳帽拉扯着我的长发，奇怪的声音回响，以及把泳衣穿回潮湿皮肤上的不适感)”可知，学生时代的游泳课带来了诸多不适，这些不适只会让作者对水的厌恶感更强烈。由此猜测double down on意为“增加、加剧”，与increase意思相近。故选B项。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Watching the boys splash about with big grins, I finally realized I didn’t want them to think I was too scared to try something they did without a second thought.(看着孩子们咧嘴笑着在水里溅水玩耍，我终于意识到，我不想让他们认为我太胆小，不敢尝试他们毫不犹豫就能做到的事情)”可知，作者最终决定学习游泳，是为了向孩子们展示自己并不胆小，敢于尝试他们能做到的事。故选C项。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Right now, I’m happy to tell anyone about my lessons. Although my second biggest worry after drowning came true last week when I bumped into my older son’s schoolfriend at the pool. “Where’s Ralph ” he asked. I had to explain it was me taking the lesson.(现在，我很乐意告诉任何人我在上游泳课的事。尽管我仅次于溺水的第二大担忧上周成真了——我在泳池碰到了大儿子的同学。“拉尔夫在哪里？”他问道。我不得不解释说是我在上游泳课)”可推断，作者对于自己正在学习游泳这一事实非常坦诚，即使在泳池碰到儿子的同学，也坦然解释情况。故选B项。
31．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕作者展开：自幼害怕溺水、厌恶游泳，在孩子们的影响下，决心克服恐惧学习游泳，从借助浮板游完25米泳池，到朝着不用浮板的目标努力，全程记录了一位母亲克服恐惧、学习游泳的历程。D项“学习游泳：一位母亲克服恐惧的旅程”，精准概括了文章核心——母亲（作者）通过学习游泳，克服对水和溺水的恐惧，贴合全文内容，是最适合的标题。故选D项。
【答案】32．C 33．A 34．A 35．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了科学家Asel Sartbaeva受童年偶像影响，致力于解决疫苗保存难题并取得突破性成果的成长与科研历程。
【详解】32．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Unfortunately, most vaccines need to be kept cool to stop them from going off. This makes it difficult to transport them to remote areas, because if they get too warm they won’t work. (遗憾的是，大多数疫苗需要冷藏以防止going off。这使得将它们运输到偏远地区变得困难，因为如果温度过高，疫苗就会失去作用)”可知，疫苗需冷藏以防 “失效”。“going off”在此处意为“失效”，与“Failing(失去效力)”语义相符。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据第二段“Growing up, Asel Sartbaeva always looked up to scientists like Michael Faraday and Marie Curie. When she studied at Cambridge University in England, she met an award-winning physicist called Brian Josephson. “My jaw dropped,” she said, “It felt like a ‘big thing’ for me to be working in the same place as scientists I had looked up to for so long.”(从小到大，Asel Sartbaeva一直敬仰Michael Faraday和Marie Curie这样的科学家。当她在英国剑桥大学学习时，遇到了一位名叫Brian Josephson的获奖物理学家。她说：“我惊讶得合不拢嘴，能和我敬仰已久的科学家在同一个地方工作，对我来说是件‘大事’)” 可推知，当Sartbaeva在剑桥大学遇到获奖物理学家Brian Josephson时，她感到非常荣幸。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段中“When she got home, she started reading about it online and found that there are places around the world where vaccines can’t be delivered because they can’t be refrigerated for the whole journey — meaning some people miss out on getting vaccines. Sartbaeva wanted to invent a way to keep vaccines stable at all temperatures, so she came up with ensilication.(回到家后，她开始在网上查阅相关信息，发现世界上有些地方无法送达疫苗，因为疫苗在整个运输过程中无法冷藏——这意味着一些人错过了接种疫苗的机会。Sartbaeva想发明一种能让疫苗在所有温度下都保持稳定的方法，于是她提出了ensilication的想法)”可知，疫苗储存的局限性（需冷藏才能运输）启发了她的ensilication的想法。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据第四段中“One of these experiments involved sending some vaccines in the post from Bath to Newcastle. The journey is more than 300 miles, which can take a day or two by post, but the vaccines were still safe to use when they arrived.(其中一项实验包括将一些疫苗通过邮政从巴斯寄往纽卡斯尔。这段路程超过300英里，邮寄可能需要一两天时间，但疫苗抵达时仍可安全使用)”可推知，该实验是为了证明ensilication技术能让疫苗在非冷藏条件下保持稳定，即展示其有效性。故选B。
【答案】36．D 37．F 38．E 39．B 40．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要为大学新生提供与室友友好相处的实用建议，涵盖沟通、尊重边界、及时解决问题等方面，助力营造良好的室友关系。
【详解】36．根据前文“Living in the same room with someone for a whole school year is a source of anxiety for most college freshmen. (对大多数大学新生来说，和别人同住一个房间一整个学年是焦虑的来源。)”以及后文“Many college roommates become lifelong friends. Here are tips for an enjoyable and supportive roommate bond. (很多大学室友会成为一生的挚友。以下是打造愉快且互助的室友关系的一些建议。)”可知，前文指出新生对室友同住的焦虑，后文提及室友能成为挚友并给出相处建议，此空应表转折，说明有室友其实也会带来收获，D选项“Yet having a roommate can be quite rewarding. (然而，有室友也可能是一件颇有收获的事。)”通过Yet转折，承接前文的焦虑情绪，且引出后文的室友情谊和相处建议，符合语境。故选D项。
37．根据前文“It is quite common for roommates to hold distinct needs and preferences. For instance, one may have a higher standard for a neat and orderly living space than the other, or you may prefer to listen to music while studying, whereas your roommate can’t concentrate with it on. (室友之间有着不同的需求和偏好是很常见的。例如，一个人可能对整洁有序的居住空间有更高的要求，或者你喜欢边学习边听音乐，而你的室友却无法在有音乐的环境中集中注意力。)”以及后文“Share these preferences and expectations early on. It’ll save you both from unnecessary conflicts. (尽早分享这些偏好和期望。这会让你们俩避免不必要的矛盾。)”可知，前文说明室友间需求偏好不同的普遍现象，后文建议尽早分享相关想法以避免矛盾，此空应点明从一开始就进行清晰坦诚的沟通至关重要，F选项“Clear and open communication from the get-go is vital. (从一开始就进行清晰、坦诚的沟通至关重要。)”承接前文的差异现象，且引出后文的分享建议，符合语境。故选F项。
38．根据前文“You could be an outgoing person who loves being around people and feels energized in groups, but that might not be true of your roommate. They may need some quiet time. (你可能是个外向的人，喜欢和人相处，在人群中感到精力充沛，但你的室友可能并非如此。他们可能需要一些安静的时间。)”以及后文“Try alternating between who uses the room and who heads to the library. Talk it over, and make sure you don’t overstep boundaries when inviting others over. (试试轮流使用房间，一人去图书馆学习。好好沟通，确保你邀请别人来的时候没有越界。)”可知，前文指出性格差异下室友对安静的需求，后文给出协调使用房间和邀请他人的建议，此空应说明要注意带朋友进房间这件事，E选项“So be careful about bringing friends into your room. (所以带朋友进房间时要多加注意。)”中的So表结果，承接前文的性格和需求差异，且引出后文的相关协调建议，符合语境。故选E项。
39．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，概括本段核心内容，根据后文“Don’t wait until they grow enormous. Is your roommate doing something that’s bothering you Borrowing your things without asking Leaving the room a mess too often Address these issues in a calm and friendly manner the moment you notice them. It’s way easier to fix a problem when it first comes up than when it turns into a deep-seated issue. (不要等问题变得严重。你的室友是不是做了让你烦心的事？不问自取你的东西？经常把房间弄得一团糟？一旦发现这些问题，就以平和友好的方式提出来。问题刚出现时解决，比它变成根深蒂固的矛盾后再解决要容易得多。)”可知，本段核心是建议发现室友间的问题后及时解决，不要任由问题扩大，B选项“Solve problems while they’re still small. (趁问题还小的时候就解决。)”能精准概括本段主题，符合语境。故选B项。
40．根据前文“College is a period for learning and growth for you and your roommate. (大学对你和你的室友来说，都是一段学习和成长的时期。)”以及后文“New challenges will surface along the way. You might begin with a close bond and gradually drift apart, or it could be the other way around — growing closer over time. Don’t stay stuck in the past. Be open to transformations and go with the flow! (一路上会出现新的挑战。你们可能一开始关系亲密，后来渐渐疏远，也可能恰恰相反——随着时间的推移变得更加亲密。不要停留在过去。要坦然接受变化，顺其自然！)”可知，前文指出大学是彼此学习成长的时期，后文提及相处中的关系变化和接受变化的建议，此空应说明在大学这段时间里，彼此都会经历诸多变化，G选项“During this time, you will both undergo multiple changes. (在这段时间里，你们两人都会经历诸多变化。)”中的During this time指代前文的College时期，承接前文的成长话题，且引出后文的变化和应对建议，符合语境。故选G项。
【答案】41．A 42．B 43．A 44．B 45．C 46．A 47．B 48．A 49．D 50．C 51．C 52．D 53．C 54．D 55．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述空巢母亲与上大学的儿子因生活习惯起矛盾，经沟通后调整相处方式，学会放手的经历。
【详解】41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他第一年结束后回家时，我们面临着深夜厨房的混乱，以及他把我们原本井然有序的家弄得一团糟。A. messing弄乱，搞糟；B. creating创造；C. maintaining维持；D. restoring恢复。根据前文“huge late-night kitchen chaos”和后文“our previously orderly home”可知，孩子把家弄得很乱，mess up表示“弄乱，搞糟”，故选A。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个夏天很艰难。A. pleasant令人愉快的；B. rough艰难的；C. busy忙碌的；D. hot炎热的。根据前文“Honestly, it caused much more annoyance than I cared to admit.”可知，孩子制造的混乱让作者很烦恼，所以那个夏天很艰难，故选B。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的回答出奇地直白。A. plain直白的，简单的；B. encouraging鼓励的；C. typical典型的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据后文“He just said that there was no secret plan to drive me crazy.”可知，孩子的回答很直接坦率，故选A。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他只不过是一个以自我为中心、无意识的青少年。A. self-taught自学的；B. self-centred以自我为中心的；C. self-disciplined自律的；D. self-driven自我驱动的。根据后文“He likely hadn’t 　45　 half the times I’d asked him to clean up. Each time the task went undone, I grew angrier until I was 　46　. But he often genuinely 　47　 why I was so mad.”可知，儿子没听见母亲提醒、不理解她为何生气，体现的是青少年常见的自我中心特点，故选B。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很可能我让他打扫的时候，他有一半时间都没听进去。A. forgotten忘记；B. recorded记录；C. registered登记，注册，（信息等）被注意到；D. written写。根据后文“half the times I’d asked him to clean up, Each time the task went undone”可知，孩子没把父母的话当回事，register有“被注意到，被重视”的意思，故选C。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次任务没完成，我就越来越生气，直到我发疯。A. crazy疯狂的；B. silent沉默的；C. tired疲惫的；D. tough强硬的。根据前文“drive me crazy”和“I grew angrier until”可知，作者被气得发疯，体现情绪升级过程，故选A。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他常常真的不知道我为什么这么生气。A. suspected怀疑；B. wondered想知道；C. realized意识到；D. regretted后悔。根据后文“why I was so mad”可知，孩子不理解作者为什么生气，所以想知道原因，故选B。
48．考查名词短语辨析。句意：那次谈话改变了局面。A. game changer改变局面的事物；B. road block路障；C. green light绿灯；D. deal breaker破坏交易的因素。根据后文“It seemed as if I’d been 　49　 a look behind the curtain to understand what was going on.”可知，这次谈话让作者和孩子的关系有了转机，改变了局面，故选A。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就好像我得到了一窥幕后真相的机会，来了解发生了什么事。A. denied否认；B. blocked阻塞；C. guaranteed保证；D. gifted给予，赐予。根据后文“a look behind the curtain to understand what was going on”可知，作者通过谈话得到了了解真相的机会，gift在这里作动词，有“给予”的意思，“gifted a look behind the curtain”形象表达获得深刻洞察，带有感激意味，故选D。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我考虑了如何改变我先前的方法。A. advocate提倡；B. adopt采用；C. shift转变；D. justify证明……正确。根据后文“I could lead with kindness and aim for 　51　 over cleanliness. I began with baby steps by 　52　 reminding him that he needed to tidy his room to use the family car.”可知，作者想改变之前和孩子相处的方式，故选C。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以以友善为先导，追求平静而非整洁。A. freedom自由；B. protection保护；C. peace平静；D. control控制。根据前文“Honestly, it caused much more annoyance than I cared to admit.”和“I could lead with kindness and aim for”可知，作者之前因为孩子的混乱很生气，现在想要追求平静，故选C。
52．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从小处着手，平静地提醒他，要想使用家里的车，就得整理房间。A. proudly骄傲地；B. angrily生气地；C. desperately绝望地；D. calmly平静地。根据前文“I could lead with kindness”和后文“reminding him that he needed to tidy his room to use the family car”可知，作者改变了方式，所以是平静地提醒孩子，故选D。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新方法得到了积极改变的迹象。A. resistance抵抗；B. view观点；C. change改变；D. sense感觉。根据前文“My new approach was met by signs of positive”可知，作者的新方法有了效果，出现了积极改变的迹象，故选C。
54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我的孩子离开巢穴时，我意识到，作为一名家长，我一直在调整和学习，最好的坚持方式就是学会沟通。A. pointed out指出；B. made out辨认出；C. tried out试验；D. figured out弄清楚，明白。根据后文“that as a parent, I was always adjusting and learning that...”可知，作者在孩子离开时明白了作为家长应该怎么做，故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. create创造；B. bargain讨价还价；C. praise赞扬；D. communicate沟通。根据前文“I could lead with kindness and aim for 　51　 over cleanliness. I began with baby steps by 　52　 reminding him that he needed to tidy his room to use the family car.”和“I was always adjusting and learning that the best way to hold on was learning to”可知，全文核心是从误解到理解的过程，最终体悟到良好沟通才是亲子关系的关键，故选D。
【答案】56．locals 57．hung 58．ambitious 59．what 60．less 61．itself 62．an 63．was amazed 64．to make 65．held
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国陶瓷之都斯托克历史上曾借鉴中国景德镇的陶瓷设计，面对现代产业衰落，景德镇通过创新转型成功复兴，其经验启发了斯托克，两座城市未来有望深化交流，共同传承技艺。
【详解】56．考查名词复数。句意：对于当地人来说，这些借鉴传统中国绘画的图案，就和曾经弥漫在城镇上空的窑烟气味一样熟悉。空处作介词For的宾语，名词local“当地人”符合题意，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词local应用复数形式。故填locals。
57．考查动词时态。句意：对于当地人来说，这些借鉴传统中国绘画的图案，就和曾经弥漫在城镇上空的窑烟气味一样熟悉。空处作句子的谓语，根据“once”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，因此用hang“悬浮”的过去式hung。故填hung。
58．考查形容词。句意：出口瓷器远渡重洋来到斯塔福德郡，那里有抱负的工匠们仔细研究这些瓷器，模仿其钴蓝色调，并将景色重新设计，最终形成了英格兰最受欢迎的陶瓷设计。空处作修饰craftsmen的定语，形容词ambitious符合题意，意为“有抱负的”。故填ambitious。
59．考查宾语从句。句意：出口瓷器远渡重洋来到斯塔福德郡，那里有抱负的工匠们仔细研究这些瓷器，模仿其钴蓝色调，并将景色重新设计，最终形成了英格兰最受欢迎的陶瓷设计。空处引导名词性从句作into的宾语，宾语从句缺少主语，结合“the most popular ceramic designs”可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故填what。
60．考查比较级。句意：这些大品牌变得不如以前受重视。空处修饰动词valued，结合“than before”可知，此处表达比较概念，空处需用little的比较级形式less。故填less。
61．考查代词。句意：景德镇当时面临着类似的挑战，但它通过将旧窑厂改造为创意街区，找到了自我重塑之路，著名的陶溪川陶瓷艺术街区就是一例。此处reinvent这一动作的实施者和承受者相同，均为Jingdezhen，空处应用it的反身代词形式itself。故填itself。
62．考查冠词。句意：景德镇当时面临着类似的挑战，但它通过将旧窑厂改造为创意街区，找到了自我重塑之路，著名的陶溪川陶瓷艺术街区就是一例。空处表示泛指，意为“一例”，应用不定冠词，且example的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
63．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在访问景德镇期间，特伦特河畔斯托克的市长Steve Watkins对这种变化感到惊叹，他说：“景德镇成功地将历史悠久的工艺和创造力纳入其整体布局的核心，并成功鼓励年轻一代在城市内谋生。”空处作句子的谓语，根据“During a visit to Jingdezhen”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，amaze“使惊叹”和主语Mayor Steve Watkins之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was amazed。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：在访问景德镇期间，特伦特河畔斯托克的市长Steve Watkins对这种变化感到惊叹，他说：“景德镇成功地将历史悠久的工艺和创造力纳入其整体布局的核心，并成功鼓励年轻一代在城市内谋生。”encourage sb. to do sth.为固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，空处应用动词不定式to make作宾语补足语。故填to make。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：在去年秋天举行的一次国际会议上，这位市长告诉听众，作为全球陶瓷之都，这两座城市应该通过更深入的交流，将它们来之不易的技艺传承给后代。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作meeting的后置定语，hold“举办”和meeting逻辑上是被动关系，且结合“last autumn”可知，动作当时已完成，因此用hold的过去分词形式held。故填held。
66．【答案】例文
Dear Bob,
I hope this message finds you in good health. I was quite concerned to learn that you’ve been neglecting meals at school and relying on snacks, as this habit could profoundly affect both your health and academic performance.
Skipping regular meals can lead to significant repercussions. It deprives your body of vital nutrients, potentially weakening your immune system, inducing fatigue, and impairing your concentration. Additionally, insufficient nutrition can adversely influence your mood and diminish your motivation to fully engage in your studies. While snacks may offer a fleeting boost, they do not provide the sustained energy required for effective learning.
I encourage you to prioritize your nutrition. Aim for balanced meals each day, and consider packing healthy lunches or opting for better choices at school. Taking care of your health is key to enhancing your well-being and academic performance.
Yours,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以高中生李华的身份，给笔友Bob写一封建议信，针对Bob在学校不吃饭、以零食代替正餐的习惯，表达担忧，说明该习惯的危害并给出具体建议。
【详解】1．词汇积累
担忧的：concerned →anxious
忽视；不重视：neglect →ignore
依赖；依靠：rely on →depend on
剥夺：deprive → rob
2．简单句变复合句
合并句子
原句：Skipping regular meals can lead to significant repercussions. It deprives your body of vital nutrients, potentially weakening your immune system, inducing fatigue, and impairing your concentration.
拓展句：Skipping regular meals can lead to significant repercussions, which deprives your body of vital nutrients, potentially weakening your immune system, inducing fatigue, and impairing your concentration.
67．【答案】Possible version :
In a flash, Tom had an idea to keep warm. He shouted with joy, “Let’s copy the penguins and join them!” Mary hesitated with concern that the birds wouldn’t accept them. Tom smiled with confidence while approaching the birds which had already crowded together due to the temperature. Slowly and gently, he reached out his hands and stroke them with great affection. Though alarmed at first, the penguins recognized him and allowed him into their huddle. Mary quickly followed his lead. The two kids squeezed their way from the edge of the crowd to the center and returned to the edge with the flow just as the birds did. As warmth spread through their bodies, they grew confident they could survive until rescue came.
About two hours later, their parents rushed into the lab, screaming out the kids’ names. Before Tom and Mary could make any response, their parents were amazed to find the kids tightly surrounded by a huge group of penguins, safe and sound. Their mother check for any signs of frostbite or injury and their father asked in surprise, “You were using the penguins’ way to keep warm ” The two kids exchanged a glance and Tom proudly told their parents that they learned from the penguins. As the room warmed up, the penguins slowly walked away. The parents looked at each other proudly — their children didn’t just wait for help, but found a smart way to survive by working with nature.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了Mary和Tom在南极企鹅研究实验室遭遇意外，被困在寒冷的环境中，他们通过观察企鹅的保暖方式，模仿企鹅挤作一团来保持体温，最终成功坚持到救援到来的故事。
【详解】1．段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“刹那间，汤姆想到了一个保暖的办法。”可知，第一段可描写Tom想到的保持温暖的办法，即模仿企鹅挤在企鹅群中取暖，以及具体实施这个办法的过程和他们在这个过程中的感受。
②由第二段首句内容 “大约两个小时后，他们的父母冲进实验室，大声喊出孩子们的名字。”可知，第二段可描写父母冲进实验室后看到孩子和企鹅的状态的反应，以及孩子们向父母解释他们的做法，最后父母对孩子的表现感到骄傲。
2．续写线索：实验室遇困境——Tom 想到模仿企鹅取暖的办法——实施办法挤入企鹅群取暖——父母冲进实验室——父母惊讶并询问——孩子解释并获父母认可
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①模仿企鹅：copy the penguins/imitate the penguins
②伸出某人的手：reached out one’s hands/stretched out one’s hands/extended one’s hands
③接近：approach/come close to/get near
情绪类
①担心：concern/worry
②吃惊的：amazed/surprised
第 page number 页，共 number of pages 页

展开更多......

收起↑