资源简介

(共73张PPT)
人教版.英语.选择性必修三
XB3 U4
Adversity and Courage
困境与勇气
Ⅰ.认阅读单词
1.adversity n.困境;逆境
2.wage n.工资
3.expedition n.探险;远征;探险队
4.voyage n.&vi.航海；航行
5.steward n.乘务员;服务员
6.navigator n.领航员;（飞机、船舶等上的）航行者
7.navy n.海军；海军部队
8.decent adj.相当不错的;正派的;得体的
9.crew n.全体工作人员;专业团队;一群人
10.endurance n.忍耐力；耐久力
11.crush vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎 n.拥挤的人群
12.episode n.一段经历;片段;插曲
13.corporate adj.公司的；法人的；社团的
14.damp adj.潮湿的；湿气重的
15.miserable adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
16.good/bad-tempered adj.脾气好的/坏的
17.furniture n.家具
18.bat n.球拍；蝙蝠 vi.&vt.用球板击球；挥打；拍打
19.motor n.发动机；马达 adj.有引擎的；机动车的
Ⅱ.识写作单词
1.bitter adj.严寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的
2.aboard adv.&prep.上（船、飞机、公共汽车等）
3.sink vi.（sank/sunk，sunk）沉没;下沉;下降 vt.使下沉;使沉没
4.bark vi.&n.（狗）吠叫;吠叫声
5.cosy adj.温馨的；舒适的
6.genuine adj.真正的;真诚的;可信赖的
7.recreation n.娱乐；消遣；游戏
8.rough adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
9.candidate n.候选人；应试者
Ⅲ.会拓展单词
1.vigour n.精力;力量;活力→vigorous adj.精力充沛的→vigorously
adv.精神旺盛地
2.enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的→enthusiast n.热衷……的人；爱好
者→enthusiasm n.热情→enthusiastically adv.热情地
3.assign vt.分派;布置;分配→assignment n.（工作等的）分派;任务;
作业
4.perseverance n.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神→persevere vi.坚持;孜
孜以求
5.resolve vi.&vt.决定;决心;解决（问题或困难） n.决心;坚定的信念
→resolution n.决议;坚定;解决→resolved adj.下定决心的；坚定的
6.thorough adj.深入的;彻底的;细致的→thoroughly adv.完全地;彻底
地;仔细地
7.guidance n.指导;引导;导航→guide n.导游 vt.引导;带领
8.motive n.动机;原因;目的→motivation n.动机;积极性→motivated
adj.有积极性的
9.envy n.&vt.羡慕；妒忌→envious adj.忌妒的；羡慕的
10.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃→abandoned adj.被遗弃的；
放纵的
11.belongings n.［pl.］财物；动产→belong vi.适应；属于
→belonging n.归属感
12.selfish adj.自私的；利己的→selfishly adv.自私地→selfishness n.
自私→【反】selfless adj.无私的
13.cruel adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruelly adv.残忍地；残酷地
→cruelty n.残忍；残酷
14.loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的→loyalty n.忠诚；忠实
Ⅳ.记重点短语
1.turn down 拒绝（某人）;（音量）调低
2.make fire 生火
3.give off 放出（热、光、气味或气体）
4.become/be stuck in 被困于；陷入……中
5.make it 成功;（及时）到达
6.hold on 抓住;坚持住;别挂断
7.keep one's spirits up 使某人保持高昂的情绪
8.manage to do sth 设法做某事
9.set off 出发；动身；启程
10.at the age of 在……岁时
11.be enthusiastic about 对……充满热情
12.throw away 扔掉
13.go from bad to worse 每况愈下
14.cheer sb up 使某人振作起来
语篇填空 一文练透
Here is an episode of my nephew Tom who leads a
1.___________（thorough） decent and cosy life and has hardly
met with some cruel 2.__________（adversity）. However,
dreaming of adventures, he resolved 3._______（join） an
expedition advertised on a website. Unfortunately, his application
was turned 4.______. Being not qualified but full of vigour,
perseverance and passion, he didn't give up his dream. So he
joined the navy and 5._____________（assign） to be a steward
thoroughly
adversities
to join
down
was assigned
with low wages. On a bitter cold day, he boarded a ship bound
for the Atlantic Ocean and began his voyage. The crew all liked
Tom because he was genuine, enthusiastic, good-tempered and
loyal and wasn't 6._______（self）. He often played the banjo for
recreation. But one day the ship got 7.________（crush） on a
huge iceberg. The ship sank and the sailors threw away their
belongings including stoves, blankets, bats, cupboards
8._____other furniture. Finally, they had to abandon their ship
selfish
crushed
and
and climbed onto an island 9._______they made fire to dry their
clothes. They survived 10.__________（depend） on their
endurance. Later, they were saved. It has been a miserable
experience to Tom but at the same time it brought out Tom's best
qualities in the face of adversity.
where
depending
核心考点 精讲精练
Part 1 重点单词
1 enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 〈变〉enthusiasm n.热情
enthusiast n.热衷……的人；爱好者 enthusiastically adv.热情
地；热心地
（2022·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·读后续写）Inspired by the enthusiastic
cheers from his classmates，David quickened his pace in high
spirits.受到同学们热情的欢呼声的鼓舞,David兴高采烈地加快了步伐。
①（译林·X1U3）The public's continued ___________（enthusiastic）
about the Qingming Scroll， even after all these centuries，speaks
volumes about the power of this historic piece of art.
enthusiasm
②I am enthusiastic ______ sharing this rich experience with
friends who might find it equally meaningful.
about
③_____________________________________________________,
which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the
newspaper.我不仅充满热情而且容易相处,这使我能胜任报纸上刊登
的志愿者工作。（申请信）
I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with
④With life being made up of ups and downs, it is crucially
important ________________________________________.人生起起
落落,保持一种良好、热情的态度是极为重要的。（读后续写·主旨
升华）
to maintain a good and enthusiastic attitude
2 aboard adv.& prep.上（船、飞机、公共汽车等）
〈变〉board v.寄宿；上船（或飞机、火车、公共汽车等）
n.木板；董事会；膳食；伙食
（译林·X3U3）More than 1，000 people aboard the Arizona lost
their lives. “亚利桑那号”上有一千多人失去了生命。
①选词填空（aboard/abroad/broad/board）
a.I used to travel _______ a lot with my parents when I was a
little child.
b.After reaching the finish line， he waved to his classmates with
a ______smile.
c.The plane crashed， killing all 157 passengers _______.
abroad
broad
aboard
d.（2022·全国甲卷）In March 2008, Ginni ________a ship with
48 passengers she'd never met before, to begin the journey towards
Antarctica.
boarded
②They had said goodbye to each other before__________________
__________________， but the mother_________________________
____________ until the train went out of her sight.她们在上火车
前已经互相道别，但这位母亲一直在向车上的女儿挥手，直到火车
消失在她的视线之外。（读后续写·动作描写）
going aboard/boarding the train
kept waving to her daughter on board
3 assign vt.分派；布置；分配 〈变〉assignment n.任务；工
作；分派
（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Students will work in groups to complete four
assignments during the course. 在课程期间，学生们将分组完成四
项作业。
①（译林·X4U4）Everyone would ____________（assign） a
specific task， and my role was usually to produce the
presentation.
be assigned
②The reporter was assigned _________（cover） international
news.
③They've assigned their best man ___ the job.
to cover
to
④They___________________________________________ because
they are eager to help develop rural education.他们自愿被分配到边
远地区当老师,因为他们渴望帮助发展边远地区的教育。
volunteer to be assigned to teach in rural areas
4 abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；沉湎于 n.放任；放纵
〈变〉abandoned adj.被抛弃的；废弃的；放纵的
（2022·全国乙卷）The one in the new environment should be
sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.在新
环境中的朋友应该体谅你的朋友可能会感到被抛弃。
①（外研·X4U5）But the greatest mystery of all is what caused
the Maya ___________（abandon） most of their great cities.
②I will never abandon _________（reach） the top of the
“mountain” because I want to be successful in life.
to abandon
reaching
③His last word went like a bullet to her heart. She burst into
tears and ________________________________________.他最后一
句话像子弹一样击中了她的心。她大哭起来，陷入绝望。
（读后续写·心理描写）
abandoned herself/was abandoned to despair
④We jumped up and down and ____________________________，
forgetting the troubles in our lives.我们跳上跳下,尽情地挥舞着我
们的手臂，忘却了我们生活中的烦恼。（读后续写·动作描写）
waved our arms with abandon
5 resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决（问题或困难） n.决心；
坚定的信念；决定要做的事〈变〉resolution n.决议；解决；
决心 resolved adj.下定决心的；坚定的
（2024·北京卷）Conflict was often resolved in musical battles.冲
突常常在音乐对决中得到解决。
①（译林·X3U1）I made a __________（resolve） to respect and
protect this unique landscape while I was here.
②We have resolved ____ making an early start to go aboard.
resolution
on
③__________________________，we should learn to communicate
more and put ourselves in others' place.为了解决冲突，我们应该学
会多沟通，设身处地地为他人着想。（建议信）
In order to resolve conflicts
④Cultural relics represent the wisdom of our ancestors， so our
country__________________________________________. 文化遗产
代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家已经决定不遗余力地保护它们。
has resolved to spare no effort to protect them
Part 2 短语句式
6 turn down 拒绝（refuse/reject/decline）；减小（音量、亮
度等）
（2021·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·读后续写）This time, she turned down the
fire so it cooked nicely.这一次,她把火关小了,这样就烤得很好。
用turn有关短语的正确形式填空
①（译林·X4U1）I came a thousand miles to stand in this
doorway tonight， and it's worth if my old partner _________.
②（外研·B2U6）When we ________ a device, such as television,
it goes into stand-by mode.
turns up
turn off
③（外研·X2U3）Under Jennifer's leadership, the bookstore was
being ___________ a place for literature-loving members of the
community to get together.
turned into
④Whenever I was in trouble, I _________ my English teacher for
help.
⑤It _________ that helping others realize their dreams gives me
more pleasure.（读后续写·主旨升华）
turned to
turns out
7 if引导虚拟条件句
（2023·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·读后续写）If I didn't win, I wouldn't care.
如果我没赢，我也不会在意。
虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用:
非真实条件句 中的虚拟语气 虚拟条件句 主句
与现在事实相 反的假设 动词的过去式 （be动词一般用 were） would/could/should/might+动
词原形
与过去事实相 反的假设 had+过去分词 would/could/should/might+hav
e+过去分词
非真实条件句 中的虚拟语气 虚拟条件句 主句
与将来事实相 反的假设 动词的过去式 would/could/should/might+动
词原形
were to+动词原形 should+动词原形 微提醒:当虚拟条件句中有should、 had或were时,可以省略if,且把
should、 had或were提到主语前,变为倒装句式。
续表
①（人教·B3U2）How would the Confucian idea of fairness
change society around you if everybody _______（start）
practising fairness in everything？
started
②______ it to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.
Were
③I feel honored to be invited here to deliver a speech. Today
the topic of my speech is “If I were a dustman”.
_______________________________________________with no
rubbish lying on the street.受邀在这里发表演讲,我倍感荣幸。
今天我的演讲主题是“如果我是一名环卫工人”。如果我是一名
环卫工人,我会让我们的城市更干净,让街上没有垃圾。（演讲稿）
If I were a dustman, I would make our city cleaner
④________________________________________________________
that she should spend more time with her family.如果没有这次
经历，她就不会意识到她应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
（读后续写·主旨升华）
If it hadn't been for this experience, she wouldn't have realized
8 such... that...引导结果状语从句
（2022·浙江卷）Trust is such an important part of a parent-child
relationship that it's something that can't afford to lose.信任在亲子
关系中是如此重要的一部分，以至于它是一种不容失去的东西。
①（译林·X1U3）______ is its worth that several later emperors
even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies
of the scroll.
Such
②It is so rewarding an activity that we all look forward to
another one.（句型转换）
→____________________________ that we all look forward to
another one.（such...that...）
It is such a rewarding activity
→____________________________________________________ that
we all look forward to another.（so...that...倒装）
→____________________________that we all look forward to
another.（such...that...倒装）
So rewarding is the activity/So rewarding an activity is it
Such a rewarding activity is it
③（2023·新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·读后续写）___________________________
_____________________ that I immediately shared it with my
teacher.我听到这个消息很高兴,以至于我立即告诉了我的老师。
So happy was I/I was so happy to hear the news
④___________________________________________ I felt my
throat tight and my mouth dry, wondering what to do next. 我非
常紧张，感到喉咙发紧，口干，不知道接下来该怎么办。
（读后续写·心理描写）
I felt so nervous that/So nervous did I feel that
梯级训练 循序渐进
Part 1 基础达标练
维度一 语境辨义练
Ⅰ.熟词生义
1.（2021·新高考Ⅰ卷）Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink
and put in the other slice of bread.______________
n.洗涤槽;水槽
2.We must take care to get the right kind of frame to set off the
picture.______
3.The agreement assigns copyright to the publisher._______
4.More than a foot of snow blanketed parts of Michigan._______
衬托
v.转让
v.覆盖
Ⅱ.一词多义
prough
A.adj.汹涌的;风浪很大的 B.adj.崎岖的
C.adj.粗略的 D.adj.艰难的 E.adj.粗鲁的
1.（2023· 全国甲卷）The western half of the US was full of
grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000
or more living alongside Native Americans.___
C
2.Safety was first. It was too rough to sail that night.___
A
3.I don't know how to release the pressure in such a rough
time.___
4.The ice on the rough road has melted and it is safe to drive on
it now.___
5.He is such a rough child that he doesn't behave himself.___
D
B
E
维度二 考点强化练
1.（2024·北京卷）Typically, _______（cruel） and cheating are
discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised.
2.（2024·浙江1月卷）All the different hallways and rooms were
too much to think about, let alone commit ___ memory.
cruelty
to
3.（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）The second group did high-intensity aerobic
exercise ______the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a
week.
under
4.（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）___________（fortunate） for those in
midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an
___________（enthusiasm） exerciser,getting in shape now may
help improve your aging heart.
Fortunately
enthusiastic
5.Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural __________
（belong）.
6.Riding bicycles benefits the environmental conservation because
they won't give ____ waste gases.
belonging
off
Part 2 写作衔接练
写作一 应用文增分练（发言稿·爱迪生）
（2024·安徽阜阳阶段练习）假定你是李华，你班本周Class
Report的主题是“A Man of Perseverance”。请你写一篇发言稿，内
容包括：1.人物事迹简介;2.给你的启示。
Ⅰ.按要求完成句子
1.伟大的发明家托马斯·爱迪生（Thomas Edison）在取得突破性的
成功之前经历了无数的失败。（groundbreaking）
__________________________________________________________
__________________________
Thomas Edison, a great inventor, faced numerous failures before his groundbreaking success.
2.他为发明电灯泡做了无数次尝试，经历了一千多次失败。
（countless;动词-ing形式作状语）
__________________________________________________________
___________________________________
He made countless attempts to invent the electric light bulb, experiencing over a thousand failures.
3.他是如此热衷于做科学研究,以至于他对这方面的知识有着深入的
了解。（enthusiastic;thorough;so...that...引导结果状语从句）
__________________________________________________________
___________________________→_____________________________
__________________________________________________________
（用倒装结构升级句式）
He was so enthusiastic about doing scientific research that he had a thorough knowledge of it.
So enthusiastic about doing scientific research was he that he had a thorough knowledge of it.
4.他的坚韧、决心和不服输最终使他取得了成功，永远地改变了世
界。（resolve;动词-ing形式作状语）
__________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
His perseverance, resolve and unwillingness to admit defeat ultimately led him to success, forever changing the world.
5.它提醒我，失败不是放弃的理由，而是一个学习和成长的机会。
（not...but...;that引导宾语从句）
__________________________________________________________
____________________________
It reminds me that failure is not a reason to quit but an opportunity to learn and grow.
Ⅱ.衔接成文
A Man of Perseverance
Good morning, everyone. Today, I'd like to share a story
about a man of perseverance.
__
Thanks for your listening.
参考范文
A Man of Perseverance
Good morning, everyone. Today, I'd like to share a story
about a man of perseverance.
Thomas Edison, a great inventor, faced numerous failures
before his groundbreaking success. He made countless attempts to
invent the electric light bulb, experiencing over a thousand failures.
So enthusiastic about doing scientific research was he that he had
a thorough knowledge of it. Instead of giving up, he once said, “I
have not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work.” His
perseverance, resolve and unwillingness to admit defeat ultimately
led him to success, forever changing the world.
This story teaches me a valuable lesson about perseverance. It
reminds me that failure is not a reason to quit but an opportunity
to learn and grow.
Thanks for your listening.
写作二 读后续写主题练（环境描写·风霜雨雪）
Ⅰ.素材积累
单 词 rainstorm; cloudburst（倾盆大雨）; thunderstorm; shower;
drizzle; sprinkle; breeze; downpour; storm; foggy; misty
短 语 a fierce/violent storm 强风暴
rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨 artificial rainfall 人工增雨
moderate rain 中雨 clear up 放晴
cut deep into one's bones 刺骨
pick up 风力加大 be struck by heavy snow 被暴雪袭击
be enveloped in dense fog 被浓雾笼罩
hot currents of wind 阵阵热风
续表
句 子 ①（外研·X2U5）Strong winds and stormy seas have
helped sculpt its long, thin shape. 强风和惊涛骇浪塑造了它
狭长的形状。
②（外研·X3U3改编）On windy days, we had to hold
down the paper on the desk, which would otherwise be
blown away. 在刮风的日子里，我们不得不把纸按在桌子
上，否则纸就会被风吹走。
续表
句 子 ③（北师大·B1U1） In front of the classrooms, there was a
playground which got dusty on windy days and muddy on
rainy days.教室前面有一个操场，刮风时它满是灰尘，下雨
时它泥泞不堪。
④（北师大·X3U8）What's more, a cold rain was falling,
mixed with snow.此外，外面下起了夹杂着雪的冷雨。
续表
句 子 ⑤Wind and rain swept across the world, tearing the dark
and gloomy sky apart.狂风暴雨席卷着整个世界,把灰暗沉郁
的天空撕碎了。
⑥The town was covered in a thick blanket of fog. 浓雾笼
罩着这个城镇。
续表
Ⅱ.对点场景练
逆境与勇气（2024·安徽部分高中高三下开学考试）Without
any delay, the firefighters began their rescue effort. “We first dug
up the snow with shovels, and then pushed the vehicles out of the
snow with manpower,” Qi Yuehua recalled. “The whole city
①________________________, and ②________________________
_____________________. Besides, ③__________________________
_____________, making every struggle more difficult.” Eventually,
at 17:12, all the trapped people and vehicles had been relocated to
our cheeks were stinging from the icy snowflakes
was struck by heavy snow
the chilling wind cut deep into our bones
a safe place. ④_______________________________, the world
⑤________________________________________， and these
firefighters could finally take a well-deserved rest.
没有任何延迟，消防员们开始了他们的救援行动。“我们首先
用铲子挖开雪，然后用人力将车辆推出雪堆，”齐跃华回忆说，“整
个城市遭受了大雪的袭击，我们的脸颊被冰冷的雪花刺痛了。此
外，刺骨的寒风深深地侵入我们的骨髓，使得每一次挣扎都更加艰
难。”最终，在17:12，所有被困人员和车辆都被转移到了安全的地
方。随着夜幕的降临，世界被笼罩在一片深邃、神秘的寂静中，这
些消防员终于可以好好休息了。
As the curtain of night descended
was enveloped in a deep, mysterious silence

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