资源简介

(共24张PPT)
Unit 5 First Aid
Reading & Thinking
When is first
aid needed
Lead in
burn
drowning
choking
bleeding
electric shock
Lead-in
If your parents go out to work,you are doing assignments at home.Your little brother burnt by boiling water.
How can you help him
Apply toothpaste to the burn.
touch the earlobes(耳垂)
Bandage the wound immediately.
Put ice on the burn.
......
Pre-reading
While-reading
____ advertisement ____ blog post ____ hospital leaflet
____ email ____ short story ____ newspaper article
Task 1:Look through the text.What is the text type of the passage
Recognize text type
Before you read, look through(浏览) the text quickly for titles, pictures, charts, the last paragraph, and any other information that might tell you what type of text it is.
While-reading
Reading for structure
Part 1: The ____________ of the skin
Part 2: _________of burns
Part 3: _________of burns
Part 4: _________________of burns
Part 5: ___________________for burns
The passage is about First aid for burns
Causes
Types
First aid treatment
Characteristics
functions
FIRST AID FOR BURNS
The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. Your skin acts as a barrier against disease, toxins, and the sun’s rays. It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.
皮肤是人体必不可少的一部分，也是人体最大的器官。皮肤充当着一道屏障的作用，能阻挡疾病、毒素和太阳光线的侵入。皮肤还有助于控制体温，防止身体流失过多的水分，在外物过热或过冷时发出警告，并使你拥有触觉。正如你能想象的，灼伤会造成严重后果。在处理烧伤时，第一步也是最重要的一步就是采取急救措施。
be essential to/for 对…至关重要的
充当
warning n. 警告
bring about;result in;contribute to;
give sb first aid/give first aid to sb 对某人进行急救
While-reading
Reading for details
人体必不可少的一部分
最大的器官
充当；担当
n.光线;光束;(热、电等)射线
一道阻挡疾病屏障
毒素
太阳光线
控制体温，
阻止...做某事
触觉
烧伤
导致，造成
正如你能想象的
首先也是最重要的
急救
an essential part of body
the largest organ
act as
ray
a barrier against disease
toxins
the sun's rays.
control body temperature
prevent …from…
sense of touch
get burnt
lead to
as you can imagine
the first and most important
first aid
first and foremost 首要的是，首先
last but not least 最后但同样重要的
Presenting
essential
barrier
largest organ
control
prevent
give
warn
against
disease, toxins, and the sun’s ray
your body temperature
your body from losing too much water
you when things are too hot or cold
you your sense of touch
What are the functions of the skin
The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. Your skin acts as a barrier against disease, toxins, and the sun's rays. It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.
皮肤是人体必不可少的一部分，也是人体最大的器官。皮肤充当着一道屏障的作用，能阻挡疾病、毒素和太阳光线的侵入。皮肤还有助于控制体温，防止身体流失过多的水分，在外物过热或过冷时发出警告，并使你拥有触觉。可想而知，灼伤会造成严重后果。在处理烧伤时，第一步也是最重要的一步就是采取急救措施。
e.g. The emperor ordered his porters to prevent the speaker ___________(enter) the building.
prevent… (from) doing sth.
keep … from doing sth.
stop … (from) doing sth.
protect … from/ against… 保护……免受……
阻止……做某事
注意：keep… from doing sth.中的from不能省略，因为如果省略，意思会发生变化: keep … doing sth. 使……一直做某事
prevent ... from ...
entering
lead to(介词）: 1.=result in 导致；造成（后果） 2. 通往...
e.g. The road leads to the park.
There is no doubt that stress can lead to physical/mental illness.
关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句
As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.
，as在句中作宾语。
动名词短语在句中作主语。
CAUSES OF BURNS
You can get burnt by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, or other chemicals.
Para.2
烧伤的原因:
各种各样东西都会造成烧伤:灼热的液体、蒸汽、明火、辐射、太阳光、电流、酸性物质或其他化学品。
get burnt 被烧伤
a variety of 各种各样的
radiation n.辐射;放射线
acid n.酸 adj.酸的;酸性的
chemicals (常复) 化学品；化学制品
a (wide/great/large) variety of 各种各样的
a variety of = varieties of + 名词复数 + 复数谓语动词
the variety of + 名词复数 + 单数谓语动词
e.g. The variety of creatures is one of man’s greatest wealth.
【链接】
variety n. 种类, 品种; 变化, 多样化, 多变性
various adj. 各种各样的
vary v. 变化; 使多样化
vary from … to … 因……而异 vary in ... 在……方面不同
vary with 随着……而变化
hot liquids
steam
fire
electricity
radiation
chemicals
the sun
Causes
What types of burns
TYPES OF BURNS
Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage.
First-degree burns
These affect only the top few millimetres of skin. These burns are not serious. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents.
Second-degree burns
These go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious and take a few weeks to get better. Examples include bums caused by hot liquids.
Third-degree burns
These affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or petrol fires. These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once.
Para.3
severity
adj.内在的
right away立刻;马上
被分成...
取决于
n.毫米;千分之一
adj.较小的;次要的;轻微的
家庭事故
最上层皮肤以下的部位
灼热的液体造成的烧伤
每一层皮肤
因电击灼伤
汽油起火
此类烧伤会
严重的内部损伤
伤者
立即
be divided into...
depend on
millimetre
minor
household incidents.
below the top layer of the skin.
burns caused by hot liquids.
every layer of the skin
burns caused by electric shocks
petrol fires.
severe internal injuries
victim
at once
minority n.少数
a minority of 少量的
be in a/ the minority 占少数
反义词 major majority n.多数
depend on 依靠；依赖= rely on
depend on sb to do sth 依靠某人做某事
depend on it that +从句 相信……
You could depend on it that he was honest.
CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS 烧伤的特点
First-degree burns 一度烧伤:
dry, red, and mildly swollen 干燥、发红、微肿
mildly painful 微痛
turn white when pressed 受压时变白
Second-degree burns 二度烧伤:
red and swollen; blisters; watery surface
发红、肿胀;起水泡;表层渗水;
extremely painful 极度疼痛
Para.4
swollen adj.(身体部位)肿胀的
swell vi (swelled--swollen) 肿胀;膨胀
swell up 膨胀
mildly轻微地
Third-degree burns
black and white
swollen; the tissue underneath can often be seen
little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be painful around the edges of the burn
三度烧伤:
皮肤发黑或变白;
肿胀;通常可见皮下组织;
如神经受损，则微痛或无痛感;创面边缘或有痛感
Para.4
around the edges of 在...边缘
cause/do damage to 对..造成伤害
FIRST-AID TREATMENT 急救处理
1 Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling.
2 Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth.
3 Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
4 Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.
5 If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe.
6 If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.
Para.5
place vt.放置
gentle adj.温柔的;温和的
=ease
remove sb/sth from sth/sb 把…从…中移开/拿开
be infected by/with被…感染/感染上
make sure that+宾语从句
suffer from 遭受/遭遇…
1. Your skin gives you protection from many dangerous things.
2. A first-degree burn has this name because it is the most serious.
3. Second-degree burns can be the most painful kind of burn.
4. It is important to use cool water to stop the heat from remaining in the wound regardless of the degree of the burn.
5. Putting butter or oil on burns helps because it may reduce swelling and ease discomfort.
T
F
T
F
T
F
T
F
T
F
least
will keep the
heat in the wounds and may cause infection.
hurts
Post-reading
Put them in order according to the text
________ burns under running cool water within 10 minutes.
________ any clothes using scissors if necessary
________ the burned area with a loose, clean cloth.
_______ the burned area gently.
__________the victim can still breathe.
________ the victim to the hospital(2nd or 3rd-degree burns.)
Remove
Place
Dry
Cover
Take
Make sure
Retelling the treatment process
Summary
Accidents can happen to anyone at any time.
But you can be the difference between life and death. So try to learn more about first aid in daily life.
Thank you

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