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北京市顺义区2026届高三上学期期末考试英语试题
2026. 1
本试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was labeled the “bad” boy of a remote village in India, where the air always smelled of ripe cashews (腰果). I ____1____ school and hung around with other “bad” boys. No one thought I would do anything worthwhile with my life.
But my mother visualised a ____2____ future. She knew education was my ____3____. Every morning, when I refused to go to school, she ____4____ me until I dressed and put on shoes, followed me right up to the door of the classroom and watched me enter.
____5____, her constant efforts paid off. By 12th grade, I had taken a good look at myself and realised the life I was creating — no respect, no future. These realisations forced me to ____6____ that my mother was right — education was my only way out.
Since then, I became an early bird and stayed late at school. I struggled to pass exams and my grades ____7____. Finally, a university admission letter arrived.
From there onwards, things ____8____. University was an ocean of new thoughts, where everyone had clear life goals. Being in that ____9____ pushed me to think bigger, and I decided to pursue a PhD. Having seen the hardships of cashew farmers in my village, I chose the cashew nut as my research subject to improve their lives by finding better solutions for production.
Now my research receives global recognition. The former “bad boy” finally grew into a success through the power of ____10____.
1. A. started B. missed C. skipped D. finished
2. A. different B. familiar C. difficult D. distant
3. A. burden B. faith C. escape D. desire
4. A. ignored B. hurried C. comforted D. praised
5. A. Initially B. Particularly C. Surprisingly D. Fortunately
6. A. admit B. imagine C. predict D. claim
7. A. came out B. bounced back C. inched up D. leveled off
8. A. faded B. continued C. folded D. changed
9. A. process B. atmosphere C. system D. location
10. A. habit B. confidence C. passion D. knowledge
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
We all know we should exercise more, but the biggest barrier for many is feeling like we just don’t have an hour ____11____ (spare). If you’ve ever felt guilty about inactivity or struggled with time ____12____ (manage), “Snacktivity” may be the answer. It ____13____ (involve) “exercise snacks” — brief, intentional bursts (爆发) of movement lasting five minutes or less, like stair-climbing, which can easily find a place in even the busiest day.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Over the last half century, shark and ray (鳐) populations ____14____(drop) 71 percent, largely due to increased fishing pressure. This isn’t just bad news for sharks — it threatens the balance of entire ocean ecosystems. By targeting weak fish, sharks help keep schools strong and, in turn, support ocean health. Sharks also help keep more carbon ____15____(store) deep within the ocean, which human activities are releasing ____16____ the atmosphere, fueling climate change.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
My understanding of friendship was transformed in 2024, ____17____ I met Sam. We were both new to Middle School, each carrying the various ____18____ (anxiety) of facing a new environment. Our initial encounter was as ordinary as any could be, but it was in that simplicity that the seeds of our friendship ____19____ (sow). As days turned to weeks, we shared our dreams and laughed over silly jokes, ____20____ (find) comfort in each other’s company.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The PolyU Summer Institute is your gateway to explore an immersive (沉浸式的) university experience at PolyU. You will engage in a series of fun activities led by PolyU student leaders and explore the dynamic campus life.
By being part of the Summer Institute, students will:
● Engage in day-long attachment programmes offered by PolyU schools at their choice
● Experience our residential hall life
● Experience PolyU’s interactive teaching and learning through various credit-bearing and non-credit-bearing courses
● Gain first-hand insights for making informed choices for future studies
The Summer Institute is designed for Secondary 4 and Secondary 5 students, scheduled for late July 2026 during your summer holiday.
In 2026, there are several engaging modes of participation:
i) A 5-day 4-night residential camp; and/or
ii) A variety of one-week credit-bearing and non-credit-bearing courses
Details will be announced in due course. Please stay tuned for our updates!
If you are interested in joining in our activities, please provide your information to us through the link here.
Sharing from a Participant
“The PolyU residential camp was an amazing opportunity to experience university life in person and gain insights into our chosen industry. Though it lasted only a few days, it was more than just a camp — it was about bonding with passionate students from around the world, becoming independent, and taking responsibility for our futures. Special thanks to my group leaders and teammates for making this summer remarkable!” Jessica Ma, SI Participant 2025
21. In the Summer Institute, students will _________.
A. design attachment programmes B. arrange campus accommodation
C. get practical tips for future careers D. attend interactive university courses
22. To join the Summer Institute, one is required to _________.
A. submit personal information online B. sign up for the residential camp
C. graduate from secondary school D. earn credits from the courses
23. What does Jessica Ma mainly share as a participant
A. Her story in the camp. B. Her gains from the camp.
C. Her reasons for joining the camp. D. Her gratitude to the camp leaders.
B
I was at work when it happened. Out of the blue, bam! Dizziness struck, extreme and sudden. My stomach was upset, and then, my right eye went dark. Panic rose through me. “Am I dying ” It was like the very foundation of my life cracked (破裂) beneath me.
Laid up in that hospital bed, I was depressed, my mind crowded with worries. What about my family I was their breadwinner; they needed me. And suddenly, I was the one needing support.
I came home in a wheelchair. It was like waking up in a house after a storm, everything familiar yet broken in some way. I was left not being able to walk, with constant dizziness and problems with my hands. Thankfully my family was my rock, ready to rebuild with me.
With physical therapy (治疗) and support from my wife and kids, I worked on relearning to walk and using my hands again. My son would playfully move my walker, challenging me to walk further. My wife was my balance, literally and figuratively. It was in leaning on them that I first realized recovery wasn’t something I could carry alone.
I had to come up with a way to provide for my family. I wanted to be sure they had a home if I wasn’t here. Not to have to worry about rent.
One night, I shared a thought with my wife, “What about buying an old house Our own place, a safety net for you and the kids.” She hesitated, worry in her eyes, but she believed in the dream.
That run-down house we bought for $8,000 — It needed a ton of work. As I learned to deal with my disabilities, we slowly reworked the house. This wasn’t just a project; it was our path to recovery.
Three and a half years later, we have moved into our home. We have a long way to go and continue to face many challenges as the seasons change. Still, together we’ve made it this far.
For anyone out there feeling their life’s foundations shaking, know this: the cracks can be repaired. Whatever things are put in your way, they are not ends, just places where you have to change your path.
24. During his hospital stay, what was the author’s major concern
A. His family’s future. B. His health condition.
C. His standing in the family. D. His family’s attitude towards him.
25. Why did the author suggest buying an old house
A. To help his wife achieve her dream. B. To find a way to cut down on the rent.
C. To provide a secure shelter for his family. D. To improve their current living conditions.
26. How does the author feel after moving into the house
A. Hopeful. B. Relaxed. C. Aimless. D. Anxious.
27. What does the author’s experience show
A. What goes up must come down. B. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.
C. When one door closes, another opens. D. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
C
Today’s best artificial intelligence (AI) models sail through the Turing test, a famous thought experiment that asks whether a computer can pass as a human by interacting through text.
Some see an upgraded test as a necessary standard for progress towards artificial general intelligence (AGI) — an unclear term used by many technology firms to mean an AI system with the resourcefulness to match any human cognitive (认知的) ability. But at an academic event on 2 October, several researchers said that the Turing test should be abandoned altogether, and that developers should instead focus on evaluating AI safety and building specific capabilities that could be of benefit to the public.
“The idea of AGI might not be the right goal, at least not now,” said Gary Marcus, a neuroscientist. This doubt is rooted in the fundamental limitations of current AI, which are often optimized versions of large language models (LLMs). In March, researchers tested four chatbots in a version of the Turing test, and found that the best models passed.
Yet the fact that chatbots can imitate (模仿) speech credibly does not mean that they can understand, said several researchers at the event. Although LLM responses can be surprisingly human, “when you go outside the box of what you normally ask of these systems, they have a lot of trouble”, said Marcus. As examples, he cited the inability of some models to label the parts on an elephant correctly, or to draw clock hands in anywhere but the ten and two positions. For this reason, models could still fail the Turing test if they are challenged by a scientist who knows their weaknesses.
Shannon Vallor, an AI ethicist (伦理学家), argued that the focus on AGI is a distraction that allows tech firms to ignore potential harms of the technology, such as de-skilling humans, producing false and negative imaginations and deepening existing prejudices in the data LLMs learn from. Rather than intelligence standards, models should compete on safety measures, “along with the test of how easy it is to abuse the tool and how likely the tool is to do something unexpected and undesirable in a real-world context”, she said.
William Isaac, who researches AI use in public policy broadly agreed; the Turing test of the future should question whether an AI is safe, reliable and provides meaningful benefit.
28. What does the author intend to do by mentioning AGI in Paragraph 2
A. Clarify a concept. B. Highlight a problem.
C. Make a prediction. D. Justify a comparison.
29. What can we learn about LLMs from this passage
A. They have human-like understanding.
B. They succeed in upgraded Turing tests.
C. They outperform humans in responsiveness.
D. They need to be developed for the public good.
30. As for tech firms’ current practices, Shannon Vallor is ________.
A. appreciative B. doubtful C. cautious D. critical
31. What is the passage mainly about
A. The functions of current AI.
B. The proposal of a new AI test.
C. A shift in the focus of AI research.
D. A debate on the test performance of AI.
D
Initially, the railways experienced a period of rapid expansion, but since the mid-twentieth century, railway development in most countries has hit the buffers.
It’s time to turn the tables, and acknowledge the vast benefits of railways as a cornerstone of a sustainable transport system that can support human development and economic growth.
According to the International Energy Agency, transport currently accounts for around one-quarter of global CO2 emissions (排放). Between 1990 and 2022, those emissions grew by 1.7% a year — an increase greater than that of any part besides industry — as more people in more parts of the world became more mobile. Over 90% of the energy used to power transport comes from fossil (化石的) fuels.
Those figures alone justify a renewed focus on rail transport. Per passenger kilometre, it produces one-fifth of the emissions of car transport, and less than one-quarter of those of flying. Direct emissions can be cut to zero if trains are powered by fully renewable electricity.
Rail transport also contributes little in the way of air polluting emissions, which are a health threat. This is particularly important in a rapidly urbanizing world. Better rail-based mass-transport options could help to reduce urban expansion, as well as the land needed for roads, car parks and other car-related systems and services. Less-crowded cities with fewer motor vehicles are more liveable places where people tend to walk and cycle more, gaining the health benefits of these activities. They are also more inclusive, particularly for younger and older people who are less likely to own a vehicle. As both urbanization and average population density (密度) grow, research shows that there are more economic benefits of investment in rail than those of investment in roads. But it is not just cities. Research shows that cuts to rail services in rural areas have resulted in population decline, job losses, and a drop in skilled workers.
One way research can help to get things back on track is by broadening the standard governments use to assess railway investment. Research can also present the winners and losers created by investment decisions. In short, turning around the ignoring of a technology, which has not only changed the world but could also save the planet, is a critical priority of our time.
32. What does the phrase “hit the buffers” underlined in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Come into focus. B. Run into a barrier.
C. Created inconvenience. D. Reached a stable state.
33. What can we learn about rail transport from this passage
A. It can drive urban and rural population decline.
B. It can achieve significant benefits in investment.
C. It can promote the well-being of urban residents.
D. It can become a major source of carbon emissions.
34. Which would be the best title for the passage
A. An Ideal Replacement for Cars and Planes
B. Make Trains Great Again for Our Planet
C. A Good Product of Modern Technology
D. Make Trains an Urban-Rural Bridge
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why do some people seem endlessly curious while others prefer the comfort of the familiar We often think of curiosity as, a stable personal characteristic, part of what makes each person unique. ____35____ A new study published in Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences argues that curiosity evolves (进化) with our environment.
For both humans and animals, curiosity motivates information seeking. Exploring new places or understanding others’ behavior all provide knowledge that can improve survival and reproduction. But exploration also involves risk. Searching for something new consumes time and energy and may expose one to failure or harm. ____36____ In secure, resource-rich contexts, the cost of failure is low, and the long-term benefits of information are high. In contrast, in unpredictable environments, curiosity can be costly.
____37____ Participants completed a measure of curiosity, covering five dimensions. The researchers also measured participants’ socioeconomic status (地位) (SES), both current and during childhood. The results showed that higher current SES predicted higher curiosity, while childhood SES showed little effect. This suggests that curiosity is not fixed early in life but remains flexible, responding dynamically to current ecological conditions.
Authors interpret curiosity as a behavioral flexibility that allows individuals to adjust to their environments. Rather than being a fixed characteristic, curiosity may turn up when conditions are stable and safe, and turn down when uncertainty makes exploration costly. ____38____ Monkeys, birds, and even bees explore more in safe, resource-rich settings.
Interestingly, the findings also suggest a feedback cycle, While economic stability may encourage curiosity, curiosity itself can drive economic growth. People who are more curious often acquire more knowledge and skills, and seek new opportunities — all of which can improve economic outcomes, ____39____
A. The same pattern appears across the animal kingdom.
B. When the economy is stable, the cost of exploration remains uncertain.
C. The researchers in this study tested this idea using data from 962 adults.
D. Yet recent evidence suggests it may be far more flexible than we realize.
E. Over time, curiosity and economic success may fuel one another continually.
F. However, the researchers find that curiosity has different effects on humans and animals.
G. Behavioral ecology predicts that exploration should therefore vary with environmental conditions.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Repetition, that is, doing the same thing repeatedly, is essential for learning and mastering new skills. It is the pathway to success in any field. Examples from the world of sports and music illustrate this principle. Even older adults can benefit from task repetition to improve their working memory performance.
Repetition builds habits. As you repeat something over and over again, it becomes rooted in your subconscious, allowing you to act on it without conscious effort. Whether you’re learning to play an instrument, speak a new language, or excel at a sport, repetition is key for building muscle memory and improving your performance.
Familiarity is the basic source of psychological and social stability. The mere exposure effect suggests that familiarity leads to liking. Many sensory experiences (e.g. coffee or music), with repeated exposure, can become increasingly pleasant.
Repetition is a key element in music. In listening to music, the expectation is that we will encounter repetition and that it will be a source of pleasure. Repetition in music can be a motif (主旋律) repeated throughout a composition or a favorite song played again and again. A repeated musical motif can build pleasurable expectations in the listener. In fact, if every measure of a melody (旋律) is completely different from all the previous measures, the melody will be difficult to remember.
In sum, repetition is what we tell ourselves growing up: No matter what you do, just keep practicing. By adopting repetition as an essential part of your personal growth journey, you can make consistent progress toward your goals and achieve the success you desire.
40. What can task repetition help older adults do
_________________________________________________________________________
41. What does the mere exposure effect show
_________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
In listening to music, our pleasurable expectations come from different measures of a melody.
_________________________________________________________________________
43. How does repetition help you in your daily life (In about 40 words)
_________________________________________________________________________
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim所在学校正在开展以“Art Connects the World”为主题的艺术作品征集活动。他打算参加，为此发来邮件，就作品形式及内容询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 提出的建议；
2. 建议的理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8.D 9. B 10. D
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
11. to spare 12. management 13. involves 14. have dropped 15. stored
16. into 17. when 18. anxieties 19. were sown/were sowed 20. finding
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
D 22. A 23. B
24. A 25. C 26. A 27. C
28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C
32. B 33.C 34. B
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
35. D 36. G 37. C 38. A 39. E
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43题5分, 共12分)
40. (To) improve their working memory performance.
41. It shows that familiarity leads to liking.
42. In listening to music, our pleasurable expectations come from different measures of a melody.
Our pleasurable expectations come from a repeated musical motif/ repetition.
43. Possible answers:
Repetition helps me in daily life by reinforcing learning and turning practice into progress. For instance, when preparing for a math exam, I repeatedly work through similar types of problems. This not only solidifies my understanding of formulas but also builds speed and accuracy, boosting my confidence for exams.（49）
第二节（20分）
Dear Jim,
It's wonderful to know you’re joining the “Art Connects the World” collection. I think a painting that blends art styles from different parts of the world would be a great choice for your piece.
This idea works well because it visually shows how art brings people from different cultures together in one image. When seeing elements of Chinese ink painting, African patterns, and Western sketches combined into a single artwork, viewers can better understand and respect cultures outside their own. What’s more, this kind of painting can easily catch people’s attention and help them realize how art connects us all.
I hope this idea is helpful. I’m sure you’ll create something amazing.
Yours,
Li Hua (112)

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