资源简介

(共35张PPT)
八年级下册英语人教版
Making a
Making a
Making a
Unit 8
Section A –What can we do to help
第三课时 4a-4d
Difference
Difference
Difference
Learning
01
goals
第一课时 1a-2d
Learn new words and phrases: army, soldier, primary, help out, charity, warmly.
1
第一课时 1a-2d
Express duration using the present perfect tense with since and for.
2
Warming
02
up
Grammar
03
第一课时 1a-2d
Read the sentences. How are for and since used differently
4a
Have you been to our animal shelter before
Has she ever done volunteer work
How long have you been a volunteer
How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum
No, I haven’t. But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time.
Yes, she has. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August.
I have been a volunteer here for a few months.
He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started.
for后接一段时间；since后接时间点或从句。
Grammar
(一)含since或for的现在完成时
第一课时 1a-2d
某些动词的现在完成时可表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与“for+时间段”和“since +过去的时间点或从句”连用。
He has worked here for over twenty years. 他已经在这里工作二十多年了。
He has learnt about 2,000 English words since he started learning English. 他自开始学英语以来已经学了大约2000个英语单词。
The factory has been here since the 1970s.这家工厂从 20 世纪 70 年代起就在这里了。
第一课时 1a-2d
含for和含since的现在完成时的句子有时可互相转换。
我从 13 年前开始就住在这里。
I’ve lived here for 13 years.
It has been 13 years since I began to live here.
（二）现在完成时中的谓语动词规则变化
第一课时 1a-2d
在含有现在完成时的肯定句中，与表示持续性时间的状语连用的动词一般为延续性动词，但在否定句中，可以用非延续性动词。
常见的延续性动词有have、live、teach、learn、work、study、know等；常见的非延续性动词(词组)有come、go、leave、start、die、finish、become、join、buy、get married等。
He has joined the communist youth League for two years.
He has been a member of the communist youth League for two years.
（ ）
（ ）
第一课时 1a-2d
他加入共青团两年了。
I have bought this watch for two years.
I have had this watch for two years.
（ ）
（ ）
第一课时 1a-2d
这块手表我买了两年了。
部分非延续性动词(词组)和与之对应的延续性动词(词组）
非延续性动词(词组) 延续性动词(词组)
become be
borrow keep
buy have
leave be away from
fall asleep be asleep
make friends be friends
非延续性动词(词组) 延续性动词(词组)
finish be over
open be open
close be closed
lose be lost
die be dead
非延续性动词(词组) 延续性动词(词组)
join be a member of/
be in
begin/start be on
come/go/arrive be in/at
turn on/off be on/off
get to know know
marry/get married be married
第一课时 1a-2d
表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，强调的是现在的情况；不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。
（三）现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
He has lived here since 2008. 自2008年以来他一直住在这里。(他现在还住在这里)
现在完成时
第一课时 1a-2d
只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系；可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。
（三）现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
He lived here in 2012. 2012年他住在这里。(不涉及他现在是否还住在这里)
—般过去时
1. This college student enjoys volunteering for the army. She _________(teach) English to the soldiers _____ three years.
2. I __________(be) a member of the Red Cross for six years. I’ve made a lot of friends ______ I joined the organization.
第一课时 1a-2d
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets and for or since.
4b
have been
since
have taught
for
3. Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer _____ two years now. _____ he started working there, he __________(help) many students.
4. The organization ___________(train) over 6,000 volunteers it began to offer classes three years ago.
第一课时 1a-2d
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets and for or since.
4b
for
has helped
has trained
Since
since
I love being a volunteer! I ____________(work) with a sports organization for almost three years now.
have worked
第一课时 1a-2d
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
4c
Since I started, I ___________(help) out at over ten different sports events. I __________(make) many new friends and I ______ even ____(meet) many famous athletes. For example, I _____(meet) two national football players from Argentina last month. They were at a stadium for a charity match.
have helped
have made
have
met
met
第一课时 1a-2d
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
4c
The stadium _____(be) so big that they ____(get) lost.
I gave them directions and they _______(smile) and ________(thank) me warmly. I am proud to be a volunteer.
smiled
thanked
第一课时 1a-2d
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
4c
was
got
Practice
04
第一课时 1a-2d
Work in groups. Interview your groupmates using the questions below. Share the answers with the class.
4d
known your best friend/. . .
had your favourite toy/. . .
lived in your neighbourhood/. . .
How long have you
e.g.
1
2
3
—How long have you known your best friend
—I have known my best friend for five years.
—How long have you had your favourite toy
—I have had my favourite toy for six months.
—How long have you lived in your neighbourhood
—I have lived in this neighbourhood since 2023.
Language
05
points
第一课时 1a-2d
Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer for two years now.
1
作为志愿者吴先生现在已经在一所小学任教两年了。(教材P75 4b)
adj. 小学教育的；首要的
primary
primary school小学
primary education小学教育
For middle and primary school students, learning to cook has become a must. 对于中小学生来说，学习烹饪已经成为必须要做的事。
(1)adj.小学教育的，用于名词前作定语。
(2)adj.首要的
Personal safety is of primary importance. 人身安全至关重要。
Since I started, I have helped out at over ten different sports events. 自我开始工作以来，我已经协助了十多场不同的体育赛事。(教材P75 4c)
help out分担工作；帮忙做
第一课时 1a-2d
“动词+副词”型短语，人称代词作其宾语时，应放在help与out之间。
For over 50 years, Terry has always remembered how the stranger bravely helped them out without thinking twice. 50多年来，特里一直记得这位陌生人是如何毫不犹豫地勇敢帮助他们的。
Lots of students help out with housework after school. 许多学生放学后帮忙做家务。
I gave them directions and they smiled and thanked me warmly. 我为他们指了路，他们微笑并热情地感谢了我。(教材P75 4c)
warmly adv. 热情地；温暖地
第一课时 1a-2d
由“warm (adj. 温暖的) + -ly(副词后缀)”构成。
The villagers welcomed us warmly. 村民们热情地迎接我们。 Make sure that the children are dressed warmly. 一定要让孩子们穿得暖和。
Summary
06
第一课时 1a-2d
第一课时 1a-2d
第一课时 1a-2d
1. 现在完成时中since和for的用法
（1）since+时间点/从句
（2）for+时间段
2. 非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换
3.本课时所学新词与短语
army soldier primary
help out charity warmly
07
Homework
Review the grammar after class.

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