资源简介

(共14张PPT)
同位语从句
同位语从句：同位语从句是一个名词（或相当于名词的词）后面跟一个从句，对名词的具体内容进行解释或说明。这个从句就是同位语从句，它与被修饰的名词在格式上保持一致，并且常常紧挨在一起。

The news that we won the game is exciting.
主语 同位语从句 系表结构
同位语从句构成
名词+引导词+从句：
名词：叫做先行词；常用抽象名词：belief; discovery; fact; information; news; proof; question; reason等
引导词：that; whether; why; who;
从句有完整的句子结构：主+谓+宾；
引导词在从句里面的作用：引导词在从句里面不占成分。
eg：We heard the news that our team had won.
The news that we won the game is exciting.
n. 同位语从句
（1）连接词that在主语从句中不充当任何的句子成分。
This fact, that our firm is losing money, is obvious.
I later came to the realization that she was a remarkable person.。
（2）连接词whether起连接作用，有词汇意义“是否”，不做成分，引导主语从句时不能省略。
I asked myself the question whether the research is worth the trouble.
同位语从句的引导词
（3）连接代词连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.
when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。
They put forward the question where they could get the money.(同位语从句)
This is the place where the accident happened.(定语从句)
同位语从句中的虚拟语气
当名词为表达“命令、要求、建议、意愿”等强烈的意愿时，其后跟的同位语从句使用（should）+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。
类别 名词
建议类 advice, suggestion,proposal, recommendation
要求类 demand, request, requirement
意愿类 desire, wish, preference
命令类 order, command,instruction
必要性 necessity, importance, insistence,
同位语从句与定语从句易错点
所表达的内容不同
定语从句和同位语从句都可以用来修饰名词。定语从句是用来说明名词的性质、特征、来源等；同位语从句则用来说明名词所表示的具体内容。
The fact that he presented was a strong proof.
The fact that she hadn’t said anything surprised us all.
2.修饰的名词不同
可被同位语从句修饰的名词往往是含有某种信息的词,如advice, belief, doubt, fact, fear, hope, idea,message, news, problem, suggestion, question, order, truth, thought等, 而定语从句先行词无此限制。
We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. 2.After this he is not the man that he used to be.
同位语从句与定语从句易错点
3.引导词的不同
①that在句子中所起的作用不同
引导定语从句的that是关系代词，它的作用是连接主句和从句，并代表先行词在从句中充当句子成分；而且在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，指物时，可以用which代替。引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起连接主句和从句的作用，它不充当任何成分，不能省略，也不可被which代替。
例1.The news (that/which) we heard spread all over the city.
例2.We expressed the hope that Mr and Mrs Smith would come to visit China the next year.
同位语从句与定语从句易错点
②when、where、why引导的定语从句与同位语从句的区别
when、where、why引导定语从句时，先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词，关系词在从句中作状语；同位语从句中的 when、where、why等也在从句中作状语，有疑问意义仅保留连接功能，而且前面的名词不是表示、地点、原因的,。
例1.Some of our memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little.（定语从句）
例2.We haven’t settled the question when we should start.
what, how, if, whatever等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。
同位语从句与定语从句易错点
4.定语从句与同位语从句的判断方法
同位语从句改为The fact/news/idea/order/story/truth/thought is /was ...结构时，语法和语意上都是可以的，而定语从句则不可以这样改。
例1.The news that our team won the game excited us all.
我们队赢了比赛的消息使我们每个人都很兴奋。
=The news is that our team won the game.
例2.The news that the radio broadcast this morning is not true at all. (定语从句)
今天早晨收音机播报的新闻根本不是真的。
同位语从句的解题思路
真题示例
【1】 While they are rare north of 88°，there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
【2】There is much truth in the idea ________ kindness is usually served by frankness.
【3】When the news came ___ the war broke out , he decided to serve in the army.
that
that
that
THANKS
感谢观看

展开更多......

收起↑