2026届高考英语二轮复习:核心词汇系统复习课件(共19张PPT)

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2026届高考英语二轮复习:核心词汇系统复习课件(共19张PPT)

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(共19张PPT)
高中英语核心词汇系统复习
战略规划 · 考点穿透 · 思维建模 · 满分导向
本期核心词汇(20个)
absent accept accident ball balloon
candy cap capital pale pancake
save say tape task walk
factory madam lab ice half
本期说明:
为构建更清晰的复习体系,我将从本讲开始,采用“第X讲”来标记课程进度。本期内容涵盖初中核心词汇第4组(Group 4) 的深度复习。
复习战略导引 (高考视角)
四轮驱动复习法:
深度语义网构建:打破单点记忆,建立词群关联。
命题点精准锁定:聚焦一词多义、熟词生义、高频搭配。
真题思维建模: 分析选项逻辑,归纳解题路径。
写作语料库升级:将核心词汇转化为高级表达。
主题归类记忆 (1) - 状态与特征
absent / b.s nt/ adj. 缺席的;心不在焉的
高考考法: 1. be absent from... 缺席... 2. an absent expression 心不在焉的表情
真题例句: His mind was absent during the entire meeting.
整个会议期间他都心不在焉。
pale /pe l/ adj. 苍白的;浅色的 v. 相形见绌
高考考法: 1. pale blue 浅蓝色 2. pale in comparison (to/with) 与...相比相形见绌
真题例句: Her achievements paled in comparison with her predecessor's.
她的成就与其前任相比就相形见绌了。
half /hɑ f/ n.&adj.&adv. 一半
高考考法: half an hour 半小时; half of the students 一半的学生
主题归类记忆 (2) - 事件与抽象概念
accident / k.s .d nt/ n. 事故;偶然
高考考法: a traffic accident 交通事故; by accident = by chance 偶然地
真题例句: I found this valuable book by accident at a small bookstore.
我偶然在一家小书店发现了这本珍贵的书。
task /tɑ sk/ n. 任务,工作
高考考法: undertake a task 承担任务; a daunting task 一项艰巨的任务
capital / k p. .t l/ n. 首都;资本;大写字母 adj. 极好的
高考考法: write in capitals 用大写字母写;
a capital idea 极好的主意 (熟词生义)。
主题归类记忆 (3) - 高频动作(动词)
accept / k sept/ v. 接受;同意
高考考法: 辨析 accept vs. receive (主观接受/客观收到)
真题例句: She received a gift from him, but she didn't accept it.
她收到了他的礼物,但没有接受。
save /se v/ v. 拯救;节省;储蓄;保留
高考考法: save one's life 救某人的命; save time/money 节省时间/金钱; save me a seat 给我留个座位
say /se / v. 说,讲
高考考法: 辨析 say, speak, tell, talk
walk /w k/ v.&n. 行走,散步
高考考法: go for a walk 去散步
主题归类记忆 (4) - 物品与地点
ball /b l/ n. 球;舞会
高考考法: have a ball 玩得痛快 (习语)。
balloon /b lu n/ n. 气球
candy / k n.di/ n. 糖果
cap /k p/ n. 帽子
pancake / p n.ke k/ n. 薄煎饼
tape /te p/ n. 胶带;磁带
factory / f k.t r.i/ n. 工厂
lab /l b/ n. 实验室
ice /a s/ n. 冰
可视化图表:
头部装饰:
cap (无檐帽) ←→ hat (有檐帽) ←→ helmet (头盔)
甜食:
candy (糖果) ←→ dessert (甜点) ←→ pancake (可甜可咸的薄煎饼)
工作场所:
factory (工厂) ←→ lab (实验室) ←→ company (公司)
主题归类记忆 (5) - 人物与称谓
madam / m d. m/ n. 夫人,女士
真题例句: Good morning,madam. How can I help you
早上好,女士。有什么能帮您的吗?
核心考点与易混词辨析
一词多义/熟词生义必查清单:
pale: adj. 苍白的;浅色的;v. 变得苍白;相形见绌 (pale in comparison)
capital n. 首都;资金;大写字母;adj. 极好的 (a capital idea 极好的主意)
save: v. 拯救;节省;储蓄;保留 (save me a seat 给我留个座位);
prep. save for(= except for) 除...之外
形近词辨析(完形填空高频):
accept (接受) vs. except (除了) vs. expect (期望)
say (说内容) vs. speak (说语言/演讲) vs. tell (告诉) vs. talk (交谈)
写作提分黄金词块:
undertake a challenging task 承担一项具有挑战性的任务
pale in comparison 相形见绌;黯然失色
by pure accident 纯属偶然;完全是巧合
高考真题句式仿写与演练
1. It is easy to accept this idea. 接受这个想法很容易。
句式亮点: It is + adj. + to do sth.(做某事是...的)
这是高考写作和语法填空的高频句型。
仿写:难以接受考试失败。
2. This new method can save us a lot of time.这个新方法能为我们节省大量时间。
句式亮点: save sb. sth.(为某人节省某物) 聚焦“动宾”结构及引申义
仿写: 网上购物能帮我们省钱。
It is difficult to accept failure in an exam.
Shopping online can save us money.
高考真题句式仿写与演练
3. Our most important task is to learn English well.我们最重要的任务是学好英语。
句式亮点:用形容词最高级most important修饰task,增加语言表现力。
用不定式to learn English well作表语,具体说明“任务”内容。
“主系表”结构是书面表达的基础,不定式作表语是重要考点。
仿写:我们的首要任务是保护环境。

4. His score paled in comparison with hers.他的分数与她的相比相形见绌。
句式亮点: pale in comparison (with/to)...(与...相比相形见绌)。
这是考查pale的“熟词生义”,是高考阅读理解和完形填空中的高频出题点。
仿写:这部手机与那部相比就相形见绌。
Our first task is to protect the environment.
This phone pales in comparison with that one.
长难句分析与翻译 (突破阅读C/D篇)
句子: The young entrepreneur, who had started with very little capital, managed to save his company from bankruptcy by accident when a product he designed half-heartedly became an unexpected hit online.
翻译: 这位起初启动资金很少的年轻企业家,偶然地挽救了他的公司免于破产,当时他半心半意设计的一款产品在网络上意外走红。
结构分析:
主干: The young entrepreneur managed to save his company.
定语从句: who had started with very little capital 修饰 entrepreneur
方式状语: by accident
时间状语从句: when a product became...,其中又嵌套一个定语从句 he designed half-heartedly 修饰product。
高考题型演练一:阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 An Unforgettable Day
Yesterday, about (1) __ of our class was absent because of the flu. My friend looked rather (2) __, so I advised him to see a doctor. After school, I went to the factory (3) __ my father works to return the cap he left at home. On my way, I (4) __ witnessed a car (5) __. I didn't hesitate and ran to help. The person involved was an old (6) __. Her shopping bag broke, and a box of (7) __ and a roll of (8) __ fell to the ground. I used the tape to fix her bag temporarily.Grateful, she pointed to a street vendor (小贩)selling colorful (9) __ and offered to buy me one. However, I smiled and politely didn't (10) __ it. I believed that offering help was just a simple (11) __ . After making sure she was fine, I (12) __ to the school lab to finish my chemistry experiment, which required the use of (13) __ to create a low temperature. Later, when I got home on foot,my mother had made (14) __ for dinner. I ate one and (15) __ another one for my little brother. It was such a full day!
1.A. full B. half C. part D. all 2.A. pale B. sad C. happy D. angry 3.A. when B. where C. why D. how 4.A.suddenly B. quietly C. angrily D. slowly
5.A. event B. incident C. accident D. matter 6.A. sir B. madam C. miss D. mister
7.A. candy B. paper C. water D. bread 8.A. paper B. tape C. rope D. cloth
9.A. balls B. balloons C. caps D. cards 10.A. receive B. accept C. take D. get
11.A. job B. work C. task D. duty 12.A. flied B. drove C. walked D. rode
13.A. ice B. water C. fire D. salt 14.A. hamburger B. pancakes C. salad D. cake
15.A. saved B. left C. kept D. made
1.A. full B.half C. part D. all 解析: 固定搭配about half of...(大约一半...)
2.A.pale B. sad C. happy D. angry
解析: 与前文“流感”构成因果关系,生病脸色“苍白”最合理。
3.A. when B.where C. why D. how
解析: 考查定语从句。先行词factory表地点,用关系副词where。
4.A. suddenly B.quietly C. angrily D. slowly
解析: 考查副词与语境逻辑。“目睹事故”通常是一个突然发生的事件,suddenly最能体现这种突发性。
5.A. event B. incident C.accident D. matter 解析: 固定搭配car accident(交通事故)。
6.A. sir B.madam C. miss D. mister 解析: 指代老年女士,madam(夫人)是尊称。
7.A.candy B. paper C. water D. bread 解析: 固定搭配a box of candy(一盒糖果)。
8.A. paper B.tape C. rope D. cloth 解析: 固定搭配a roll of tape, 参考下文I used the tape to fix...
9.A. balls B.balloons C. caps D. cards
解析: 通过colorful(彩色的)和vendor(小贩)线索,balloons(气球)最符合街头小贩售卖的商品特征。
10.A. receive B.accept C. take D. get
解析: 考查动词辨析。accept强调主观“接受”,receive是客观“收到”。
11.A. job B. work C.task D. duty
解析: a simple task(一件简单的任务)比duty(责任)语气更贴合主动助人的语境。
12.A. ran B. drove C.walked D. rode 解析: 下文提到when I got home on foot 可知
13.A.ice B. water C. fire D. salt 解析: 明确线索to create a low temperature(制造低温)
14.A. hamburger B.pancake C. salad D. cake
解析: 明确场景for dinner(作为晚餐),pancake(薄煎饼)可作为主食。cake通常作为餐后甜点
15.A.saved B. left C. kept D. made 解析: 固定搭配save one for sb.(为某人留一个)。
高考题型演练二: 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
A Meaningful Day
A significant number of students in my class were (1) ______ (absence) due to the flu yesterday. My friend appeared unusually pale, (2) ______ prompted me to suggest a doctor's visit. My afternoon was packed. A trip to the (3) ______ (produce) factory where my dad works was my first task, to deliver his forgotten cap. (4) ______ (see) a car accident on the way was unsettling. I offered help to an elderly lady (madam). After assisting her with her dropped (5) ______ (bag) of candy and tape, she insisted on giving me a balloon in (6) ______ (appreciate). I declined the offer, (7) ______ (say) that offering help was simply part of my social (8) ______ (responsible). Subsequently, I walked to the lab, (9) ______ an experiment requiring ice was conducted. My day concluded with saving a pancake for my brother after I ate (10) ______, and purchasing a ball for him.
absent
which
production
Seeing
bag
appreciation
saying
responsibility
where
one
1 . absent 考查词性转换。空格前是 be 动词 were,根据语法规则,be 动词后需接形容词作表语。括号内给出的 absence 是名词,含义为 “缺席”,其对应的形容词形式为 absent(缺席的)
2 . which 考查非限制性定语从句。空格前是完整句子,后面是动词prompted,需要关系代词which指代前面整个主句内容。
3 . production 考查词性转换 + 名词作定语。空格后是名词 factory,需用名词修饰名词,production factory“生产工厂” 为固定名词短语搭配。
4 . Seeing 查非谓语动词。see与其逻辑主语I是主动关系,且动作与谓语动词was几乎同时发生,故用现在分词Seeing作状语。
5. bag 考查量词短语的单复数一致。空格后是 of candy and tape,构成 “a + 名词 + of...” 的量词短语结构,a bag of... 表示 “一袋……”
6 .a ppreciation 考查词性转换 。空格前是介词 in,根据语法规则,介词后面必须接名词或动名词作宾语。 appreciate 是动词(感谢),其对应的名词形式为 appreciation,in appreciation 表示 “以示感谢”,是固定短语搭配。
7. saying 考查现在分词。句子的主句是 I declined the offer,空格处的动作 say 与主句主语 I 之间是主动关系,因此用现在分词形式 saying,
8 . responsibility 考查词性转换。空格前是形容词 social,形容词需修饰名词,因此需将括号内的形容词 responsible(负责任的)转化为名词形式 responsibility(责任)
9 . where 考查定语从句关系词。从句an experiment...was conducted结构完整,缺地点状语,修饰先行词lab,故用关系副词where。
10 . one 考查不定代词 。one 用于指代同类不同物的单数可数名词(前文提到的pancake),而 it 用于指代同一事物。
(翻译)昨天,我们班有相当多的同学因为流感缺勤了。我的朋友脸色异常苍白,这让我提议他去看医生。我下午的行程排得满满当当。首要任务是去爸爸工作的生产工厂,给他送忘带的帽子。路上目睹一场车祸,让我心绪不宁。我主动帮助了一位老奶奶,帮她捡起掉落的一袋糖果和胶带后,她执意要送我一个气球以示感谢。我婉拒了这份好意,说助人为乐本就是我应尽的社会责任之一。之后,我步行去了实验室,那里正在进行一项需要用到冰块的实验。我吃完一个煎饼后,特意给弟弟留了一个,还给他买了个皮球,这一天就这样结束了。
高考题型演练三:
请阅读短文“An Unforgettable Day”,然后用约60个词概括其主要内容,并必须使用以下四个关键词:accident, task, accept, save
写作支架 (Writing Scaffold):
开头 (1句): 点明人物、时间,总述一天忙碌。
例如: The writer had a very full/busy day yesterday.
主体 (2-3句): 按顺序叙述帮助老人事件。
在路上发生了什么?(accident)
他如何看待帮助行为?(task)
他如何回应感谢?(accept)
结尾 (1句): 简述后续活动。他后来做了什么?(save)
参考范文 (Reference Sample):
The writer had a full day. On his way to his father's workplace after school, he saw an accident and felt helping the old lady was his task. He didn't accept her gratitude gift. Later, he did an experiment and saved a pancake for his brother.(Word count: 49)
范文分析:
关键词覆盖: 完整包含了四个关键词。
叙事逻辑: 使用了“On his way...”和“Later”来清晰衔接事件。
语言亮点: gratitude gift(感谢礼物) 是比balloon更概括和书面的表达。
本课总结与作业

总结:本课我们不仅复习了词义,更深入挖掘了高考核心考点,包括一词多义、熟词生义、动词辨析、固定搭配、长难句分析以及在写作中的高级应用。
作业:
词汇网络图: 以save和capital为中心,画出它们所有含义的思维导图,并各造一个句子。
真题句式仿写: 用 It is + adj. + to do sth.(做某事是...的) 高频句型创作内容不同的新句子。
微写作: 以“A Helpful Act”为题,写一篇80词左右的英文记叙文,讲述一次帮助他人的经历。必须使用至少5个本课所学单词。

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