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外研版八年级下册 Unit 3 What makes a great team 单元知识点梳理
一、重点单词
1. team /ti m/ n. 队；组（短语：a great team 优秀的团队；team work 团队合作）
2. great /ɡre t/ adj. 极好的；伟大的；优秀的（短语：a great player 优秀的选手；great success 巨大的成功）
3. member / memb (r)/ n. 成员；会员（短语：team member 团队成员；a member of... ……的一员）
4. leader / li d (r)/ n. 领导者；领袖（短语：a good leader 优秀的领导者；team leader 团队队长）
5. captain / k pt n/ n. 队长；船长（短语：the team captain 团队队长；captain of the football team 足球队队长）
6. cooperate /k p re t/ v. 合作；协作（短语：cooperate with sb. 与某人合作）
7. cooperate 的名词形式：cooperation /k p re n/ n. 合作（短语：in cooperation with 与……合作）
8. communicate /k mju n ke t/ v. 交流；沟通（短语：communicate with teammates 与队友沟通）
9. trust /tr st/ v.&n. 信任；信赖（短语：trust each other 互相信任；have trust in sb. 信任某人）
10. respect /r spekt/ v.&n. 尊重；尊敬（短语：respect each other 互相尊重；show respect to sb. 尊敬某人）
11. support /s p t/ v.&n. 支持；拥护（短语：support teammates 支持队友；give support to the team 为团队提供支持）
12. share / e (r)/ v.&n. 分享；分担（短语：share ideas 分享想法；share joys and sorrows 同甘共苦）
13. effort / ef t/ n. 努力；尽力（短语：make an effort 努力；spare no effort 不遗余力；team effort 团队努力）
14. hard-working / hɑ d w k / adj. 勤奋的；努力的（短语：hard-working members 勤奋的团队成员）
15. responsible /r sp ns bl/ adj. 有责任心的（短语：be responsible for 对……负责；a responsible team member 有责任心的团队成员）
16. responsible 的名词形式：responsibility /r sp ns b l ti/ n. 责任；职责（短语：take responsibility 承担责任）
17. goal /ɡ l/ n. 目标；球门（短语：team goal 团队目标；achieve a goal 实现目标；score a goal 进球）
18. achieve / t i v/ v. 实现；达到（短语：achieve success 取得成功；achieve one’s dream 实现梦想）
19. succeed /s k si d/ v. 成功（短语：succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事）
20. success /s k ses/ n. 成功（短语：a big success 巨大的成功；the key to success 成功的关键）
21. successful /s k sesfl/ adj. 成功的（短语：a successful team 成功的团队）
22. skill /sk l/ n. 技能；技巧（短语：team skills 团队技能；professional skills 专业技能；develop skills 培养技能）
23. ability / b l ti/ n. 能力；才能（短语：the ability to work in a team 团队工作能力；practical ability 实践能力）
24. unite /ju na t/ v. 团结；联合（短语：unite as a team 团结成一个团队）
25. unity / ju n ti/ n. 团结；统一性（短语：team unity 团队团结）
26. encourage / n k r d / v. 鼓励（短语：encourage each other 互相鼓励；encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事）
27. motivate / m t ve t/ v. 激励；激发（短语：motivate the team 激励团队）
28. challenge / t l nd / n.&v. 挑战（短语：face a challenge 面对挑战；challenge oneself 挑战自我）
29. solve /s lv/ v. 解决（短语：solve problems 解决问题；solve team problems 解决团队问题）
30. improve / m pru v/ v. 提高；改善（短语：improve the team 提升团队实力；improve teamwork 改善团队合作）
二、重点短语
1. what makes a great team 打造优秀团队的要素
2. a great team 优秀的团队
3. team member 团队成员
4. team leader 团队队长/领导者
5. the captain of the team 团队队长
6. work as a team 团队协作
7. cooperate with sb. 与某人合作
8. communicate with teammates 与队友沟通
9. trust each other 互相信任
10. respect each other 互相尊重
11. support each other 互相支持
12. share ideas 分享想法
13. share joys and sorrows 同甘共苦
14. make an effort 努力
15. team effort 团队的努力
16. be responsible for 对……负责
17. take responsibility 承担责任
18. team goal 团队目标
19. achieve a goal 实现目标
20. the key to success 成功的关键
21. professional skills 专业技能
22. develop skills 培养技能
23. team unity 团队团结
24. encourage each other 互相鼓励
25. face a challenge 面对挑战
26. solve team problems 解决团队问题
27. improve teamwork 改善团队合作
28. achieve success 取得成功
29. succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事
30. play a part in the team 在团队中发挥作用
三、重点句型
1. —What makes a great team
—I think trust and cooperation are the most important things.
（—什么造就一支优秀的团队？—我认为信任和合作是最重要的。）
2. A great team needs hard-working members who can cooperate with each other well.
（一支优秀的团队需要能彼此良好合作的勤奋成员。）
3. It’s very important for team members to communicate with each other and share their ideas.
（对团队成员来说，互相沟通、分享想法是非常重要的。）
4. Without trust and respect, a team can never become a great one.
（没有信任和尊重，一个团队永远成不了优秀的团队。）
5. Every member should be responsible for their own work in the team.
（团队里的每个成员都应该对自己的工作负责。）
6. We all support our team captain and follow his reasonable suggestions.
（我们都支持我们的队长，并且听从他合理的建议。）
7. Achieving the team goal is more important than personal success.
（实现团队目标比个人成功更重要。）
8. This great success comes from the joint effort of every team member, not one person.
（这份巨大的成功来自每个团队成员的共同努力，而非一个人的功劳。）
9. When we face difficulties, we encourage each other and unite as a team to solve problems.
（当我们面对困难时，我们互相鼓励，团结成一个团队解决问题。）
10. She has good professional skills and plays an important part in our team.
（她拥有出色的专业技能，在我们团队中发挥着重要作用。）
11. A good leader can motivate the team and help all members work towards the same goal.
（一位优秀的领导者能激励团队，帮助所有成员朝着同一个目标努力。）
12. We need to improve our teamwork and develop our team skills to become a greater team.
（我们需要改善团队合作，培养团队技能，成为一支更优秀的团队。）
13. It’s not easy to build a great team, but we will spare no effort to do it.
（打造一支优秀的团队并不容易，但我们会不遗余力地去做。）
14. In a great team, everyone’s voice is heard and their ideas are valued.
（在一支优秀的团队里，每个人的声音都会被听见，他们的想法都会被重视。）
15. Whether we win or lose, we always stand together as a team.
（无论输赢，我们始终作为一个团队站在一起。）
四、重点词汇辨析
1. team & group
词汇 含义与用法 例句
team 侧重“为共同目标协作的团队”，多与运动、工作任务相关，强调协作性、专业性 He is a member of the school basketball team. / This project team finished the task ahead of time.
group 泛指“群体、小组”，侧重人员的集合，无明确的协作目标要求，范围更广 A small group of students are reading in the library. / We are in the same study group.
2. achieve & succeed
词汇 词性 含义与用法 搭配/例句
achieve 动词 侧重“通过努力实现目标、取得成就”，后接名词/代词作宾语 搭配：achieve a goal, achieve success, achieve one’s dream 例句：We achieved the team goal after months of hard work.
succeed 动词 侧重“获得成功”，后不直接接宾语，接动作需加in doing sth. 搭配：succeed in doing sth., succeed in the competition 例句：Our team succeeded in winning the game.
3. skill & ability
词汇 词性 含义与用法 搭配/例句
skill 名词 侧重“通过学习、练习获得的专业技能、技巧”，偏具体、实操性 搭配：professional skills, team skills, develop skills 例句：He has excellent basketball skills and is the best player in the team.
ability 名词 侧重“天生拥有或后天培养的综合能力、才干”，偏抽象、综合性 搭配：the ability to work in a team, practical ability, have the ability to do sth 例句：She has the ability to communicate with people well.
4. leader & captain
词汇 词性 含义与用法 适用场景/例句
leader 名词 泛指“领导者、领袖”，可用于团队、企业、国家等各种场景，强调统筹、引导能力 通用场景；例句：He is a great team leader who can motivate everyone.
captain 名词 特指“团队（尤指体育队）的队长、船长”，侧重具体团队的带队角色 体育队、船队；例句：He was chosen as the captain of our school football team.
5. effort & hard work
词汇 词性 含义与用法 搭配/例句
effort 名词（可数/不可数） 侧重“为完成某事付出的努力、尽力的行为”，可指个人或集体的努力，常与make搭配 搭配：make an effort, team effort, spare no effor 例句：This success is the result of our team effort.
hard work 名词短语（不可数） 侧重“勤奋的工作、刻苦的付出”，强调工作的状态和过程 搭配：do hard work, through hard work 例句：We got good results through our hard work.
五、重点语法
1. 定语从句（核心：关系代词who/which/that的用法）
（1）含义
在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句，被修饰的词叫先行词，连接主句和定语从句的词叫关系代词。本单元先行词多为人（team members/leader） 或物（team/goal）。
（2）核心关系代词的用法
① who
- 先行词为人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
- 例句：A great team needs members who can cooperate with each other.（优秀的团队需要能彼此合作的成员。）
The leader who we all trust is very responsible.（我们都信任的那位领导者非常有责任心。）
② which
- 先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
- 例句：This is the goal which our team wants to achieve.（这是我们团队想要实现的目标。）
The skills which we learned help us a lot.（我们学到的技能帮了我们大忙。）
③ that
- 先行词为人或物均可，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，可替换who/which（介词后除外），是本单元最常用的关系代词。
- 例句：He is a team member that works very hard.（他是一名工作非常努力的团队成员。）
This is the team that won the competition.（这就是赢得比赛的那支团队。）
（3）注意事项
- 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，可省略。
例句：The ideas (that/which) we shared are very useful.（我们分享的想法非常有用。）
- 先行词为不定代词（something/anything/nothing） 时，关系代词只用that。
例句：There is something that we need to discuss with the team.（有一些事情我们需要和团队讨论。）
2. 动名词作主语/宾语（巩固拓展）
（1）作主语
- 含义：表示“做某事”这一行为，谓语动词用单数形式，可直接放句首，也可用it作形式主语。
- 本单元核心搭配：Cooperating with others, Communicating with teammates, Achieving the team goal
- 例句：Cooperating with each other is the key to building a great team.（彼此合作是打造优秀团队的关键。）
It’s important sharing ideas with your teammates.（和队友分享想法是很重要的。）
（2）作宾语
- 常接动名词作宾语的动词（本单元重点）：enjoy, finish, practice, mind, suggest, keep
- 例句：We suggest holding a team meeting to solve the problem.（我们建议开一次团队会议来解决这个问题。）
They keep improving their team skills every day.（他们每天都在不断提升团队技能。）
3. 比较级与最高级的特殊用法（侧重形容词）
（1）比较级+than+any other+单数名词
- 含义：表示“比其他任何一个都……”，用于同一范围内的比较，表达最高级含义。
- 例句：Our team is more united than any other team in the competition.（我们团队比比赛中其他任何一个团队都团结。）
（2）the + 比较级, the + 比较级
- 含义：表示“越……，越……”，本单元用于描述团队合作的影响。
- 例句：The more we communicate, the better we cooperate.（我们沟通得越多，合作得就越好。）
（3）one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词
- 含义：表示“最……之一”，本单元用于描述优秀团队的特质。
- 例句：Trust is one of the most important things for a great team.（信任是优秀团队最重要的特质之一。）
4. 情态动词should/ought to/must表责任与建议
（1）should
- 表“应该”，提出团队行为的建议，语气委婉，是本单元核心用法。
- 例句：Team members should communicate with each other every day.（团队成员应该每天互相沟通。）
（2）ought to
- 表“应该”，与should同义，语气稍正式，后接动词原形。
- 例句：Every member ought to be responsible for their own work.（每个成员都应该对自己的工作负责。）
（3）must
- 表“必须”，强调团队成员的责任和义务，语气坚定。
- 例句：We must unite as a team when we face challenges.（面对挑战时，我们必须团结成一个团队。）
六、写作指导（议论文：What makes a great team ）
1. 写作结构
部分 内容要点 常用表达
开头 开篇点题，提出观点：优秀的团队由多种重要因素造就，点明核心要素（如信任、合作、责任心等） A great team is not built by one person, but by many important qualities. In my opinion, the key things that make a great team are trust, cooperation and a strong sense of responsibility.
主体 分2-3段，每段阐述一个核心要素，结合原因+举例说明其重要性，可运用定语从句、动名词等语法 ① 信任：Trust is the foundation of a great team. If team members trust each other, they will dare to share their ideas... For example, a basketball team with mutual trust can play better in the game. ② 合作：Cooperation is another important part. No one can finish a big task alone... Teammates who cooperate well can achieve the team goal easily. ③ 责任心：Every great team needs responsible members. Everyone should take responsibility for their work...
结尾 总结全文，重申观点，升华主题：优秀的团队需要所有成员共同努力，各要素相辅相成 In a word, trust, cooperation and responsibility are all necessary for a great team. These qualities go hand in hand, and only when all team members work together and keep these qualities in mind, can a team become a truly great one.
2. 范文示例
What makes a great team
A great team is like a big family, and it never comes from a single excellent person. It is built by the joint efforts of all members and many important qualities. After thinking about the teams I know, I believe that trust, cooperation and a clear team goal are the three most important things that make a great team.
First of all, trust is the foundation of any great team. Without trust, teammates will not dare to share their true ideas or ask for help when they are in trouble. If team members trust each other, they will stand together no matter they win or lose. For example, the school volleyball team in our school is a great one. Every member trusts their captain and each other, so they can play calmly and bravely in every competition, even when they are in a difficult situation.
Secondly, good cooperation is the key to making a great team work well. Everyone has their own strengths and weaknesses, and no one can finish a difficult task alone. Great teams need members who can cooperate with each other and use their own strengths to help the team. Teammates should communicate more, share their ideas and support each other. When our class prepared for the school art show, we worked as a team: some students designed the poster, some practiced the performance, and some prepared the props. With good cooperation, we won the first prize easily.
Finally, a clear team goal makes all members work towards the same direction. A great team never only cares about personal success, because the team goal is more important than anything else. All members should forget their own small goals and focus on the big team goal. Every effort they make is for the team, and this unity will make the team stronger and stronger.
In conclusion, trust, cooperation and a clear team goal are all necessary for a great team. These qualities are not separate; they go hand in hand and make the team better and better. Building a great team is not easy, but as long as all members trust, cooperate and work for the same goal, any team can become a great one.

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