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Unit 2 The universal language Section 3 Grammar and usage
Verb ing forms as subjects and objects
1. Identify the use of verb ing forms as subjects and objects；
2. Work out the rules of verb ing forms as subjects and objects；
3. Apply verb ing forms in different situations.
Ⅰ 用横线画出下列句子的动词 ing部分
1. Reading is important in learning English.
2. Playing the piano, she forgot all worries.
3. The singing girl has a beautiful voice.
4. Suddenly, I heard a band playing a familiar tune in the park.
5. Not smoking is beneficial to your health.
Ⅱ 分析下列句子，指出动词 ing形式做非谓语的语法功能
1. Being praised by his teachers made him regain the confidence. __________
2. I am sorry for having wasted your time. __________
3. The girl playing the violin on stage is my classmate. __________
4. We heard her humming a lovely tune. __________
5. Seeing the crowd's excitement, the singer smiled and waved. __________
1. Verb ing 做主语
(1) Verb ing 做主语，通常位于__________，谓语动词用__________数，表示经常性或具有普遍意义的动作。
(2) Verb ing 在句中做主语时，有时可以用形式主语__________代替；这时，做表语的只能是描述事物特征或行为性质的一些形容词(useful/useless/nice/tiring/worthwhile)或少数名词(no use/no good/fun/a pleasure/a waste of time)。
常用句型：It is＋useless/senseless/enjoyable/tiring/interesting/foolish/nice/no use/no good/no fun/a waste of time/a pleasure …＋verb ing …
注意：①important、essential、necessary等形容词后面常用不定式。②(2)中所列形容词后也可以接to do, 但不能用形式主语，主语应是人或物，如She is nice to talk to./The key is useless to open this door.
(3) 用于“There be”结构中。
常用句型：There is no use/good/…＋verb ing ＝It is impossible to do …
注意：在“There be”句型中，只能用动名词，不能用不定式做主语。
(4) 动名词的复合结构做主语。当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个物主代词或__________，构成动名词的复合结构。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中做主语。如：Do you think my going there will be of any help
(5) Verb ing 在句中做主语时，否定形式中的not应放在Verb ing __________(之前/之后)；Verb ing 的被动语态为__________，表示该动作与逻辑主语形成被动关系。
2. Verb ing 做宾语
(1) Verb ing 跟在__________和__________之后做宾语，如continue、about、get tired of 等。(只能跟verb ing 形式做宾语的动词：admit、acknowledge、anticipate、advocate、appreciate、avoid、can't help、can't resist、can't stand、consider、defer、delay、deny、detest、dislike、don't mind、ensure、enjoy、escape、excuse、evade、facilitate、fancy、favour、finish、give up、imagine、include、keep (on)、mind、miss、pardon、postpone、practise、put off、report、risk、stop、suggest等)
(2) Verb ing 的完成式__________强调其动作或状态先于谓语动词的动作完成或结束。
Ⅰ 语法填空
1. __________(read) English is much easier than speaking it.
2. With more and more people __________(speak) Chinese, Chinese will become more popular.
3. In order to avoid __________(meet) me, she took another road.
4. It's no good __________(behave) like this; you should learn to share.
5. Don't keep me __________(wait) for a long time.
6. Can you finish __________(read) the book in three days
7. The doctor was busy __________(operate) on the boy at that time.
8. Granny is very ill and she doesn't feel like __________(eat) anything.
9. We couldn't help __________(laugh) after we heard the funny story.
10. How long did you spend __________(decorate) your new house yesterday
11. A policeman saw two thieves __________(steal) a girl's mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once.
12. The scientist suggested __________(conduct) the experiment in a different way.
13. Listen! Now we can hear John __________(sing) in his room.
14. It is no use __________(wait) at home like this.
15. __________(wait) for an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he hadn't taken his ID card.
Ⅱ 翻译句子(用非谓语动词)
1. 友善和理解是有效沟通的一个重要方面。
______________________________________________________________________
2. 我知道球类运动对健康有好处，但是我更喜欢看足球而不是踢足球。
______________________________________________________________________
3. 在我很小的时候，我就被视为与其他孩子不同，这对我后来的生活产生了影响。
______________________________________________________________________
4. 我们将在周末举办一个晚会来庆祝新年，期待你的到来。
______________________________________________________________________
5. 许多名人常戴墨镜，这样他们去公共场所就可以不被认出来。
______________________________________________________________________
词条讲解
distant adj. 遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的
【原句】We do not know what will happen in the end, but maybe the sound of the qin will one day be heard on a distant planet.(page 21) 我们不知道最终会发生什么，但也许琴声有一天会在遥远的星球上被听到。
【拓展】
distant adj.→distance n. 距离；远方
→distantly adv. 遥远地；冷淡地
be distant from … 离……远
at/from a distance 离一段距离，从远处
at/from a distance of 从……远的地方(of后跟具体的距离)
【即学即练】语法填空
①Their life seemed utterly distant _________ his own.
②The _________(distant) between fashion and art remains as great as ever.
Finish B1 and B2 on page 21 of the textbook.
Section 3　Grammar and usage
Activity 1
Ⅰ 1. Reading is important in learning English.
2. Playing the piano, she forgot all worries.
3. The singing girl has a beautiful voice.
4. Suddenly, I heard a band playing a familiar tune in the park.
5. Not smoking is beneficial to your health.
Ⅱ 1. Being praised by his teachers做主语
2. having wasted your time做介词for的宾语
3. playing the violin做定语
4. humming a lovely tune做宾语补足语
5. Seeing the crowd's excitement做状语
Activity 2
1. (1) 句首；单　(2) it　(4) 名词所有格 (5) 之前；being done
2. (1) 动词；介词　(2) having done
Activity 3
Ⅰ 1. Reading　2. speaking　3. meeting 4. behaving　5. waiting　6. reading
7. operating　8. eating　9. laughing 10. decorating　11. stealing　12. conducting
13. singing　14. waiting　15. Having waited
Ⅱ 1. Being kind and understanding is an important aspect of effective communication.
2. I know ball games are good for health, but I prefer watching football to playing it.
3. Being seen as different from other kids when I was very young had an effect on my later life.
4. We are going to have a party at the weekend to celebrate New Year and we are looking forward to your coming.
5. Many famous people often wear sunglasses so that they can go to public places without being recognized.
Activity 4
①from　②distance

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