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Unit 1 Past and present 语法+写作解析
一、语法解析
现在完成时(一)
1.用法：
(1)表示以前某个时间已经发生的动作或做过的事情对现在有影响
Eg:I have seen the film.
我已经看过这部电影了。(强调电影的内容已经知道)
(2)表示到目前为止已经完成的事。
Eg: My sister has learnt English for 3 years.
我的妹妹已经学英语三年了。
2.构成：
主语+have/has+动词过去分词
3.各种句式
肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其它
Eg: I have watched the match.
否定句：主语+have/has not+过去分词+其它
Eg: I haven't watched the match.
一般疑问句：Have/ Has+主语+过去分词+其它
肯定回答：Yes，主语+have/has.
否定回答：No，主语+haven't/ hasn't.
Eg: Have you watched the match
Yes, I have./ No, I haven't.
4.现在完成时的标志词：
already, yet, ever, recently, just, before(用于句末),so far,for+时间段，since+过去时间点。
Eg: Have you ever eaten Beijing Roast Duck
你曾吃过背景烤鸭吗
I've never been to that farm before.
我以前从未去过那个农场。
5.动词过去分词的构成：规则动词变化
(1)大多数动词后直接加ed: work -- worked; cook--cooked
(2)以e结尾的动词加d: lived--lived;like-- liked
(3)以辅音加y结尾将y变成i加ed: try -- tried; study -- studied
(4)在重读闭音节中，双写结尾加ed: stop --stopped; plan -- planned
(5)不规则变化：见教材后表格
二、写作解析
话题：Write your article about the changes in your hometown.
(一)提示:
1.Many changes have taken place in...during the last...years.
2. In the past, there were ... but now...
3. Back then,there were not ... but today ...
4. Years ago, people ...
5.Today,however,they ...
6. Moreover,most families...
7. Thanks to the government,...
8.Now,living in...is...and...
(二)写作步骤
定文体(记叙文)，人称(第一，三人称)，时态(现在完成时，一般过去时，一般现在时)
(三)范文
In the past, people in my hometown lived a poor life. They lived in small old houses. Pollution was very serious, and there was rubbish everywhere. Few buses passed here, so few visitors came here.
Now things have changed a lot in my hometown. People live a better life. Their houses are large and bright. Many people have their own cars. The environment has become better. The mountains have turned greener, and the rivers have become much cleaner. There are trees, flowers and grass everywhere. Every year, thousands of people from all over the world come to visit it.
I am sure my hometown will become better and better in the future.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共11张PPT)
Unit 1 Past and present
八年级
译林版2024
下
语法+写作解析
一、语法解析
现在完成时(一)
1.用法：
(1)表示以前某个时间已经发生的动作或做过的事情对现在有影响
Eg:I have seen the film.
我已经看过这部电影了。(强调电影的内容已经知道)
(2)表示到目前为止已经完成的事。
Eg: My sister has learnt English for 3 years.
我的妹妹已经学英语三年了。
2.构成：
主语+have/has+动词过去分词
3.各种句式
肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其它
Eg: I have watched the match.
否定句：主语+have/has not+过去分词+其它
Eg: I haven't watched the match.
一般疑问句：Have/ Has+主语+过去分词+其它
肯定回答：Yes，主语+have/has.
否定回答：No，主语+haven't/ hasn't.
Eg: Have you watched the match
Yes, I have./ No, I haven't.
4.现在完成时的标志词：
already, yet, ever, recently, just, before(用于句末),so far,for+时间段，since+过去时间点。
Eg: Have youevereaten Beijing Roast Duck
你曾吃过背景烤鸭吗
I've never been to that farm before.
我以前从未去过那个农场。
5.动词过去分词的构成：规则动词变化
(1)大多数动词后直接加ed:work -- worked; cook--cooked
(2)以e结尾的动词加d: lived--lived;like-- liked
(3)以辅音加y结尾将y变成i加ed:try -- tried; study -- studied
(4)在重读闭音节中，双写结尾加ed:stop--stopped; plan -- planned
(5)不规则变化：见教材后表格
二、写作解析
话题：Write your article about the changes in your hometown.
(一)提示:
1.Many changes have taken place in...during the last...years.
2. In the past, there were ... but now...
3. Back then,there were not ... but today ...
4. Years ago, people ...
5.Today,however,they ...
6. Moreover,most families...
7. Thanks to the government,...
8.Now,living in...is...and...
(二)写作步骤
定文体(记叙文)，人称(第一，三人称)，时态(现在完成时，一般过去时，一般现在时)
(三)范文
In the past, people in my hometown lived a poor life. They lived in small old houses. Pollution was very serious, and there was rubbish everywhere. Few buses passed here, so few visitors came here.
Now things have changed a lot in my hometown. People live a better life. Their houses are large and bright. Many people have their own cars. The environment has become better. The mountains have turned greener, and the rivers have become much cleaner. There are trees, flowers and grass
everywhere. Every year, thousands of people from all over the world come to visit it.
I am sure my hometown will become better and better in the future.
Thanks!
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