Unit 5 Going on an exchange trip 单元单词表备课 2025-2026学年沪教版(2024)八年级英语上册

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Unit 5 Going on an exchange trip 单元单词表备课 2025-2026学年沪教版(2024)八年级英语上册

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沪教版8上unit 5英语单词表
教师备课材料
1. exchange
词性:动词 (v.),名词 (n.)
词义:交换,交流;兑换
近义词:swap (v.), trade (v.)
反义词:keep (保留)
词性转换:名词 exchange(可数/不可数);形容词 exchangeable 可交换的
常见搭配:exchange student 交换生;in exchange for 交换;exchange rate 汇率
例句:We exchanged gifts at the party. 我们在聚会上交换了礼物。
练习:
1. He gave me a book in ______ (exchange) for my pen.
2. These tickets are not ______ (exchange) after purchase.
答案与解析:
1. exchange(名词,in exchange for 固定搭配)
2. exchangeable(形容词,可交换的)
2. nervous
词性:形容词 (adj.)
词义:紧张的,焦虑的
近义词:anxious, worried
反义词:calm, relaxed
词性转换:副词 nervously;名词 nervousness
常见搭配:feel nervous 感到紧张;nervous about 对……感到紧张
例句:She felt nervous before the exam. 考试前她感到紧张。
练习:
1. He waited ______ (nervous) for the result.
2. Her ______ (nervous) was obvious.
答案与解析:
1. nervously(副词修饰waited)
2. nervousness(名词,紧张)
3. grateful
词性:形容词 (adj.)
词义:感激的,感谢的
近义词:thankful
反义词:ungrateful 忘恩负义的
词性转换:副词 gratefully;名词 gratitude 感激
常见搭配:be grateful to sb. 感激某人;be grateful for sth. 因某事感激
例句:I am grateful for your help. 我感激你的帮助。
练习:
1. He accepted the gift ______ (grateful).
2. She expressed her ______ (grateful) to the teacher.
答案与解析:
1. gratefully(副词)
2. gratitude(名词,感激)
4. chopstick
词性:名词 (n.)
词义:筷子
词性转换:复数 chopsticks
常见搭配:use chopsticks 使用筷子;a pair of chopsticks 一双筷子
例句:Chinese people eat with chopsticks. 中国人用筷子吃饭。
练习:
1. Can you use ______ (chopstick)
2. I need a pair of ______ (chopstick).
答案与解析:
1. chopsticks(复数)
2. chopsticks(复数,a pair of 后接复数)
5. tour
词性:名词 (n.),动词 (v.)
词义:旅行,旅游;游览
近义词:trip (n.), travel (v.)
词性转换:名词 tourist 游客;形容词 touristy 游客多的
常见搭配:tour guide 导游;on tour 巡回演出/旅行
例句:We took a tour of the city. 我们游览了这座城市。
练习:
1. Many ______ (tour) visit the Great Wall every year.
2. They are ______ (tour) Europe this summer.
答案与解析:
1. tourists(名词复数,游客)
2. touring(现在分词,正在进行)
6. tai chi
词性:名词 (n.)
词义:太极拳
常见搭配:do tai chi 打太极拳;practice tai chi 练习太极拳
例句:My grandfather does tai chi every morning. 我爷爷每天早上打太极拳。
练习:
1. Many old people practice ______ (tai chi) in the park.
2. Tai chi is a traditional Chinese ______ (运动).
答案与解析:
1. tai chi(名词,专有名词)
2. sport(但tai chi本身无词性转换,此题为语义填空)
7. yet
词性:副词 (adv.),连词 (conj.)
词义:还,尚;然而
近义词:still (adv.), but (conj.)
反义词:already (已经)
常见搭配:not yet 还没有;yet 常用于否定句和疑问句句末
例句:I haven't finished my homework yet. 我还没有完成作业。
练习:
1. She hasn't arrived ______ (yet/already).
2. He is young, ______ (yet/but) he is very wise.
答案与解析:
1. yet(否定句用yet)
2. yet(连词,意为“然而”)
8. independent
词性:形容词 (adj.)
词义:独立的,自主的
近义词:self-reliant
反义词:dependent 依赖的
词性转换:副词 independently;名词 independence 独立
常见搭配:independent of 独立于;be independent 独立
例句:She is very independent for her age. 就她的年龄而言,她很独立。
练习:
1. The country gained its ______ (independent) in 1949.
2. He lives ______ (independent) of his parents.
答案与解析:
1. independence(名词,独立)
2. independently(副词)
9. content
词性:形容词 (adj.),名词 (n.)
词义:满意的,满足的;内容
近义词:satisfied (adj.); substance (n.)
反义词:discontent 不满的
词性转换:名词 contentment 满足;副词 contentedly
常见搭配:be content with 对……满意;main content 主要内容
例句:He is content with his life. 他对自己的生活很满意。
练习:
1. The ______ (content) of the book is interesting.
2. She smiled ______ (content) after the meal.
答案与解析:
1. content(名词,内容)
2. contentedly(副词,满意地)
10. feeling
词性:名词 (n.)
词义:感觉,情感
近义词:emotion, sense
词性转换:动词 feel;形容词 feeling(无变化)
常见搭配:a feeling of 一种……的感觉;hurt one's feelings 伤害某人的感情
例句:I have a good feeling about this. 我对这件事有好的感觉。
练习:
1. She ______ (feel) very happy today.
2. Don't hurt his ______ (feel).
答案与解析:
1. feels(动词第三人称单数)
2. feelings(名词复数,情感)
11. shock
词性:名词 (n.),动词 (v.)
词义:震惊,冲击;使震惊
近义词:surprise (n./v.)
词性转换:形容词 shocking 令人震惊的;形容词 shocked 感到震惊的
常见搭配:in shock 处于震惊中;culture shock 文化冲击
例句:The news came as a shock to us. 这个消息让我们很震惊。
练习:
1. The movie had a ______ (shock) ending.
2. She was ______ (shock) by the news.
答案与解析:
1. shocking(形容词,令人震惊的)
2. shocked(形容词,感到震惊的)
12. foreign
词性:形容词 (adj.)
词义:外国的,外来的
近义词:overseas
反义词:domestic, native
词性转换:名词 foreigner 外国人;副词 foreignly(罕见)
常见搭配:foreign language 外语;foreign country 外国
例句:He can speak two foreign languages. 他会说两门外语。
练习:
1. Many ______ (foreign) visit China every year.
2. Learning a ______ (foreign) language is useful.
答案与解析:
1. foreigners(名词复数)
2. foreign(形容词)
13. confused
词性:形容词 (adj.)
词义:困惑的,混乱的
近义词:puzzled
反义词:clear, certain
词性转换:动词 confuse;形容词 confusing 令人困惑的;名词 confusion
常见搭配:be confused about 对……感到困惑
例句:I am confused about the instructions. 我对这些说明感到困惑。
练习:
1. The ______ (confuse) look on his face showed he didn't understand.
2. The instructions were so ______ (confuse) that I gave up.
答案与解析:
1. confused(形容词,困惑的,修饰look)
2. confusing(形容词,令人困惑的)
14. anxious
词性:形容词 (adj.)
词义:焦虑的,渴望的
近义词:worried, eager
反义词:calm, relaxed
词性转换:副词 anxiously;名词 anxiety 焦虑
常见搭配:be anxious about 为……担忧;be anxious to do 渴望做
例句:Parents are anxious about their children's safety. 父母担心孩子的安全。
练习:
1. He waited ______ (anxious) for the phone call.
2. Her ______ (anxious) was growing.
答案与解析:
1. anxiously(副词)
2. anxiety(名词,焦虑)
15. phase
词性:名词 (n.),动词 (v.)
词义:阶段,时期;分阶段进行
近义词:stage (n.)
词性转换:形容词 phasal 阶段的
常见搭配:first phase 第一阶段;phase in 逐步引入;phase out 逐步淘汰
例句:The project is in its final phase. 项目处于最后阶段。
练习:
1. The new system will be ______ (phase) in gradually.
2. The first ______ (phase) of the plan is complete.
答案与解析:
1. phased(动词过去分词,被动语态)
2. phase(名词)
16. honeymoon
词性:名词 (n.)
词义:蜜月;蜜月期
词性转换:名词 honeymooner 度蜜月的人
常见搭配:honeymoon period 蜜月期;on honeymoon 度蜜月
例句:They are on their honeymoon in Paris. 他们在巴黎度蜜月。
练习:
1. The couple are ______ (honeymoon) in Hawaii.
2. Their ______ (honeymoon) lasted two weeks.
答案与解析:
1. honeymooning(现在分词,作动词)
2. honeymoon(名词)
17. unfamiliar
词性:形容词 (adj.)
词义:不熟悉的,陌生的
近义词:strange, unknown
反义词:familiar
词性转换:副词 unfamiliarly;名词 unfamiliarity
常见搭配:be unfamiliar with 对……不熟悉;unfamiliar to 对……来说是陌生的
例句:I am unfamiliar with this area. 我对这个地区不熟悉。
练习:
1. The name is ______ (familiar) to me.(用反义词)
2. His ______ (unfamiliar) with the customs caused problems.
答案与解析:
1. unfamiliar(反义词,不熟悉的)
2. unfamiliarity(名词,不熟悉)
18. homesick
词性:形容词 (adj.)
词义:想家的
近义词:nostalgic
词性转换:名词 homesickness
常见搭配:feel homesick 感到想家
例句:She felt homesick when she first went abroad. 她第一次出国时感到想家。
练习:
1. He suffered from ______ (homesick) during his first month at college.
2. The ______ (homesick) child cried for his mother.
答案与解析:
1. homesickness(名词)
2. homesick(形容词)
19. lonely
词性:形容词 (adj.)
词义:孤独的,寂寞的
近义词:alone, isolated
反义词:accompanied(有人陪伴的)
词性转换:名词 loneliness
注意:alone 表示“独自的”,lonely 表示“孤独的”,情感色彩不同
常见搭配:feel lonely 感到孤独
例句:He lives alone but doesn't feel lonely. 他独自生活但不感到孤独。
练习:
1. The old man lives a ______ (lonely) life.
2. His ______ (lonely) made him sad.
答案与解析:
1. lonely(形容词)
2. loneliness(名词)
20. deal
词性:动词 (v.),名词 (n.)
词义:处理;交易
近义词:handle (v.), trade (n.)
词性转换:过去式 dealt;现在分词 dealing
常见搭配:deal with 处理;a good deal 很多;make a deal 达成交易
例句:How do you deal with stress 你如何应对压力?
练习:
1. He ______ (deal) with the problem quickly.
2. They made a ______ (deal) to share the profits.
答案与解析:
1. dealt(过去式)
2. deal(名词,交易)
21. expect
词性:动词 (v.)
词义:期待,预料
近义词:anticipate, look forward to
词性转换:名词 expectation;形容词 expectant 期待的
常见搭配:expect to do 期待做;expect sb. to do 期待某人做
例句:I expect to finish the work by Friday. 我预计周五前完成工作。
练习:
1. The results were beyond our ______ (expect).
2. She is ______ (expect) a baby in June.
答案与解析:
1. expectations(名词复数)
2. expecting(现在进行时,怀孕)
22. situation
词性:名词 (n.)
词义:情况,形势,处境
近义词:condition, circumstance
常见搭配:in a difficult situation 处境困难;current situation 当前形势
例句:He is in a difficult situation. 他处境困难。
练习:
1. The economic ______ (situate) is improving.
2. We need to analyze the ______ (situation) carefully.
答案与解析:
1. situation(名词,situate是动词,此处用名词)
2. situation(名词)
23. accept
词性:动词 (v.)
词义:接受,承认
近义词:receive
反义词:refuse, reject
词性转换:名词 acceptance;形容词 acceptable 可接受的
常见搭配:accept an invitation 接受邀请;accept the truth 接受事实
例句:She accepted the job offer. 她接受了工作邀请。
练习:
1. His speech gained wide ______ (accept).
2. The proposal is ______ (accept) to everyone.
答案与解析:
1. acceptance(名词)
2. acceptable(形容词)
24. adaptation
词性:名词 (n.)
词义:适应;改编
近义词:adjustment
词性转换:动词 adapt;形容词 adaptable 适应性强的
常见搭配:adaptation to 对……的适应;film adaptation 电影改编
例句:Adaptation to a new culture takes time. 适应新文化需要时间。
练习:
1. Animals have to ______ (adaptation) to their environment.
2. He is ______ (adapt) and can work anywhere.
答案与解析:
1. adapt(动词)
2. adaptable(形容词)
25. Beijing opera
词性:名词短语
词义:京剧
近义词:Peking opera
词性转换:opera 本身是名词
常见搭配:watch Beijing opera 看京剧;perform Beijing opera 表演京剧
例句:Beijing opera is a traditional Chinese art. 京剧是中国的传统艺术。
练习:
1. Many foreigners are interested in ______ (Beijing) opera.
2. The ______ (opera) singer has a beautiful voice.
答案与解析:
1. Beijing(专有名词)
2. opera(名词,歌剧)
26. host family
词性:名词短语
词义:寄宿家庭
词性转换:host 名词,family 名词
常见搭配:live with a host family 住在寄宿家庭
例句:She stayed with a host family in London. 她在伦敦住在一个寄宿家庭。
练习:
1. The ______ (host) family was very kind to me.
2. He is living with a ______ (host) family.
答案与解析:
1. host(名词作定语)
2. host(名词作定语)
27. snake its way
词性:动词短语
词义:蜿蜒而行
近义词:wind, twist
反义词:straight
词性转换:snake 本身是名词,此处作动词
常见搭配:the road snakes its way 道路蜿蜒
例句:The river snakes its way through the valley. 河流蜿蜒穿过山谷。
练习:
1. The path ______ (snake) its way up the mountain.
2. The snake ______ (它) way through the grass.
答案与解析:
1. snakes(第三人称单数)
2. its(形容词性物主代词)
28. culture shock
词性:名词短语
词义:文化冲击
词性转换:culture 名词,shock 名词
常见搭配:experience culture shock 经历文化冲击
例句:Many foreigners experience culture shock in China. 许多外国人在中国经历文化冲击。
练习:
1. Moving to a new country can cause ______ (culture) shock.
2. The news came as a ______ (shock) to everyone.
答案与解析:
1. culture(名词作定语)
2. shock(名词)
29. deal with
词性:动词短语
词义:处理,应对
近义词:handle, cope with
反义词:ignore
词性转换:deal 动词
常见搭配:deal with problems 处理问题
例句:How do you deal with stress 你如何应对压力?
练习:
1. He is good at ______ (deal) with children.
2. This is a difficult situation to ______ (deal) with.
答案与解析:
1. dealing(介词at后接动名词)
2. deal(动词不定式)
30. feel at home
词性:动词短语
词义:感到自在,宾至如归
近义词:be comfortable
反义词:feel uncomfortable
词性转换:feel 动词,home 名词
常见搭配:make sb. feel at home 让某人感到自在
例句:The friendly host made us feel at home. 友好的主人让我们感到宾至如归。
练习:
1. I soon began to feel ______ (at) home in my new school.
2. The warm welcome made me feel ______ home.
答案与解析:
1. at(固定搭配)
2. at(固定搭配)

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