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(共41张PPT)
语法填空专题——无提示词(虚词)
候课: 记住常用介词的基本含义
介词 含义 例子
with (较常考) 1. 与……一起，有 go out with me
2.常用于以下结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语 sleep with the window open
the woman with a baby in her hands
without 没有 People can’t live without oxygen.
within 在……之内 within ten minutes
from 从，自 come from China
for 引出一段时间 for a long time, for ages
表示原因：因为 Thank you for your help.
表示目的：为，为了 fight for freedom
赞成（反义词是against） Are you for the government
against 反对（反义词是for） struggle against difficulty
靠者 lean against the wall靠着墙
as 作为 receive me as a guest
by by+ sb./sth.被…… The repair work was done by Jack.
by doing sth.，通过做…… We learn English by working hard.
在……旁 by the river
相差 increase by; decline by
on 开着（反义词是off） The light is on.
上演，演出 The show will be on tonight.
在……上面 on the desk
off 离开；远离 off the coast 远离海岸
休息，休假 have one day off 有一天的休假
关闭（反义词是on） The light is off.
through （从中间）穿过 walk through the rain
across （从表面）经过 go across the road
beyond 超越 beyond words无法用言语表达
（2025全国一卷）
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of ___57___ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope ___58___ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ___59___ (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
“The players’ personalities ___60___ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ___61___ (try) to beat the opponent ___62___ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the___63___ (strategy) placement of the pieces, ___64___ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ___65___ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
（2025全国二卷）
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ___56___ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ___57___ (center) heating doesn’t exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me ___58___ this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt ___59___ learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found ___60___ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ___61___ (be) one of them.
Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ___62___ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ___63___ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ___64___ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ___65___ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
题号 新课标I卷 新课标II卷 答案 考查知识点 答案 考查知识点
56 which 定语从句 where 定语从句
57 the 冠词 central 形容词
58 to present 非谓语动词 for 介词
59 guidance 名词 and 连词
60 are revealed 动词语态 myself 反身代词
61 tries 动词时态和主谓一致 is 动词时态和主谓一致
62 by 介词 to discover 非谓语动词
63 strategic 形容词 absence 名词
64 and 连词 afternoons 名词的数
65 digitally 副词 left 非谓语动词
2025年全国一、二卷语法填空对比分析
2025年全国一、二卷语法填空对比分析(2)
卷别 词数 有提示词型 无提示词型 谓语 非谓语 名词 形容词副词 人称代词 介词 冠词 代词 并列句 复合句
全国一卷 244 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1
全国二卷 229 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1
Learning objectives
After this class, you will be able to
1. learn 4 different types of function words(虚词): preposition, article, conjunction & pronoun;
2. determine the correct type of function word in GRAMMAR CLOZE;
3. be a question setter(出题人), designing quality blanks.
How to decide what to put in the blank
缺啥填啥
How many prepositions(介词) can you collect from the video clip
of, in, at, as, about, to,
beyond
Prepositions
despite, with, like, unlike , into, under, for, by, from, on, without, against
What
of, in, at, as, about, to, beyond
Prepositions
How to decide
How
1. ________ the annoying experience for many tourists who got wet in the downpour, rainfall is considered promising on the grassland.
2. Torn __________ anxiety and expectation, she frowned and smiled now and then.
3.1 In China, "Knot" stands _____ reunion, friendship, peace, marriage, love, etc.
3.2 The Glasshouse stands_______ a great achievement in contemporary design.(2024新高考I卷语填63题）
Prepositions
preposition + n./V-ing/宾格
between
Tip 1: 介词后面加名词或动名词构成介词短语，且关注句意
Tip 2: 熟记搭配中的介词 如from …to…, between… and…, prevent…from…, spend… on…, thank /praise /punish… for…, on one’s own, play an important role in, be interested in, be accustomed to等。
for
as
Despite
Tip 3: 记住常用介词的基本含义
介词 含义 例子
with (较常考) 1. 与……一起，有 go out with me
2.常用于以下结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语 sleep with the window open
the woman with a baby in her hands
without 没有 People can’t live without oxygen.
within 在……之内 within ten minutes
from 从，自 come from China
for 引出一段时间 for a long time, for ages
表示原因：因为 Thank you for your help.
表示目的：为，为了 fight for freedom
赞成（反义词是against） Are you for the government
against 反对（反义词是for） struggle against difficulty
靠者 lean against the wall靠着墙
as 作为 receive me as a guest
by by+ sb./sth.被…… The repair work was done by Jack.
by doing sth.，通过做…… We learn English by working hard.
在……旁 by the river
相差 increase by; decline by
on 开着（反义词是off） The light is on.
上演，演出 The show will be on tonight.
在……上面 on the desk
off 离开；远离 off the coast 远离海岸
休息，休假 have one day off 有一天的休假
关闭（反义词是on） The light is off.
through （从中间）穿过 walk through the rain
across （从表面）经过 go across the road
beyond 超越 beyond words无法用言语表达
近三年真题回顾
(2025·八省联考卷)The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform _______ the world to better understand China, but also promotes language and cultural exchanges in the world.
(2024高考新课标II卷) I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways _______ Romeo and Juliet.”
(2024·九省联考)He feels that neat handwriting is still an important skill,so he has his students write not only by hand but also _______ old fashioned fountain pens.
to
for
with
a
an
the
Articles
Step 1: 空格后是名词，缺限定词，考虑用冠词；
Step 2: 判断特指or泛指
练习回顾
1. I raised ____ dog last year. _______ dog’s name is Da Huang.
2. In ancient towns, _________ immersive (沉浸式的) experience being mentioned here is historical and cultural characteristics — the “ancient” of ancient towns.
3. The exhibits on display also demonstrate the excellence of Wen Chu, ______ female artist from the Ming Dynasty, in drawing flowers and butterflies.
a
The
the
a
I raised a dog last year. The dog’s name is Da Huang.
an umbrella; a university
The cake is so yummy and I want a second one.
have a gift for; all of a sudden; as a result
a/an
Read & Analyze
第一次出现
a, e, i, o用an；u发/ju/用a, 其他用an
“另一”的序数词前
固定搭配
泛指
the wildest dream I’ve ever had/the second/only/very/same thing to do
in the 1920s; in the countryside; catch sb by the arm; to tell the truth; the more, the better; the size of...
I raised a dog last year. The dog’s name is Da Huang.
the Greens; the old
the
Read & Analyze
用在最高级, 序数词, only, right, very, same前
固定搭配
第二次出现
姓氏复数前; the+形容词
特指！
近三年真题回顾
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)The price of fashion – economically and environmentally – has led to the rise of ______new way of dressing, and ......
2.(2025·八省联考)Chinese plays an increasingly important role in improving communication and cooperation between China and______ rest of the world.
3.(2024·新课标I卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for _______ first time.
4.(2023·新课标I卷)The meat should be fresh with______ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
a
the
the
a
并列连词
定语从句关系词
名词性从句连接词
Conjunction
一个句子只能有一套谓语结构；
句子数=连词数+1
状语从句连接词
3.1 练习回顾
Touring ancient towns is for recreation, relaxation, and pleasure, _______ if all the ancient towns in different places are the same and cannot find their own uniqueness, then ancient town tourism will eventually decline.
Among them are three nationally protected sites: the Grand Hall of Confucius Temple, the Stone Archway of the Ming Dynasty ________ the Zhangzhou Lin Family Ancestral Hall.
Bokh, Mongolian traditional wrestling, is not only a test of strength and endurance ______ one of concentration, patience, timing and the ability to read the opponent’s weakness.
but
but
and
表示并列或递进 and...
表示选择 or...
表示转折或对比 but...
表示因果 so...
固定句式
①祈使句+and/or+陈述句...
Recall & List
both...and...;not only...but also...
either...or...; not...but...
yet; while
for (可归为状语从句理解)
②比较级+and/or+陈述句;
③when的常见句型:
be doing sth when...; be about to do when...; had (just) done sth when...
并列连词
近三年真题回顾
1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language _____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.
2.(2024·浙江1月卷)Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ______ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
3.(2023·全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast that shouldn’t work, _______ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
and
but
or
3.2 练习回顾
1. Tu Youyou is the scientist __________ discovery has led to the development of new drugs which have saved millions of lives.
2. Luckily, we took a compass, with __________ we found a way out.
3. This is the student for __________ we are looking.
4. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently.
whose
which
where
whom
关系代词
充当______________________
分别有:________________
你认为要注意的点:
①只用which、只用that的情况
②as的固定搭配，与which的区别
③which vs whose; which vs whom
Recall & Compare
关系副词
充当___________________
分别有:________________
你认为要注意的点:
①先行词是抽象名词stage,case
condition,situation,point...
②occasion是where还是when
定语从句关系词
that, which, who,
whom, whose, as
地点、时间、原因状语
主语、宾语、表语、定语
where, when, why
近三年真题回顾
1.(2025·浙江1月卷)Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, _________she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers
2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
3.(2024·浙江1月卷)Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way ______________ will make them the most money.
4.(2023·全国甲卷)There was once a town in the heart of America, ________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful coexistence with its surroundings.
that/which
where
who
which
3.3 练习回顾
1._________ makes Naadam popular is that it is a representative folk festival of the Mongolian ethnic group.
2.It is a pity _______ you missed the wonderful lecture yesterday.
3.The question is ____________ we can finish the task before the deadline.
4.The news ________ our team won the game excited all of us.
What
that
that
whether
连接词that: 连接作用, 不做成分, 不可省略(除宾从), 没意义
连接词whether 和 if: 连接作用, 不做成分, 不可省略, 有意义
连接代词: 连接作用, 充当成分, 不可省略, 有意义
什么what, 谁(主)who, 谁(宾)whom, 哪一个which,
谁的whose, 无论啥whatever, 无论哪个whichever
连接副词: 连接作用, 充当成分(状语), 不可省略, 有意义
when, where, why, how
主、宾、表、同从
名词性从句连接词
近三年真题回顾
1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷改编)This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows ______ the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
2.(2024·浙江1月卷)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _______ they’ll promote.
3.(2023·新课标ⅠI卷)Not the pandas, even though the language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. ...... They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is _______ they need an English trainer.
how
what
why
连接词that: 连接作用, 不做成分, 不可省略(除宾从), 没意义
引导同位语从句，注意常考词：
idea, fact, news, word, doubt,
proposal, suggestion...
引导强调句It is/was....that...(也可能是充当主语)
that？or what？
连接代词what: 连接作用, 充当成分, 不可省略, 有意义
充当主语、宾语、表语
可表示人、事、物、地点、时间...
难点辨析
1. As for the equipment, ______ is needed is only 10 bamboo poles.
2. One reason is _____ the preparation before the actual cooking takes time, as ingredients for the same dish are typically cut into uniform shapes, and preferably into bite-sized pieces.
3. You are standing on ______ used to be a pond.
4. It is the respect and care from teacher _____ encourage students to keep going forward.
5. The fact ______ he passed the exam surprised everyone.
6. The only thing we needed to figure out is ______ we should bring to the camp.
what
that？or what？
that
what
that
that
what
表示因果关系
表示时间先后关系
表示条件
表示让步
表示地点
Recall & List
because, as, since等
when(ever), while, as, since等
if, unless
while, although, though, as, 疑问词+ever
where(ever)
状语从句连接词
1.____________fierce the competition is, there is a good chance that our team will win as long as we have made full preparations.
2._____________________________ the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.
3.On their long march, the king and his army made camp for the night ______________they could.
However
While/Although/Though
易错题回顾
wherever
it
pronoun
近三年真题回顾
1.(2024·浙江1月卷) The last one standing has just been turned
into a “mini community library”：Any passer-by can “borrow”
a book from its shelves, and return ___ later...
it
2.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)“Sometimes ___ surprises me that it works so
well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.”
it
3._____is the respect and care from teacher that encourage students
to keep going forward.
4.The sun gives off light and warmth, which makes ___ possible
for plants to grow.
It
it
Observe & summarize
指代作用，指代上文提到的同一事物或天气、时间、距离、环境情况等
作形式主语...
作形式宾语...
用于强调句
固定句式
Recall & List
Any passer-by can “borrow”
a book from its shelves, and return it later...
It+be+n./adj./V-ed+that/to do...
主语+think/find/make/consider...
+it+adj./n.+to do sth/that
It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who +其他
make it, believe it or not
it
It turns out that...
It’s up to sb to do sth...
It occurs to/dawns on/strikes/hits sb+that从句
It seems/appears+that从句
It’s no use/good doing sth
It’s+adj.+(for/of sb) to do sth
主语+like/hate/appreciate/...+it+从句
take it for granted that... 认为……理所当然
believe it or not 信不信由你
IT’s phrases & sentence patterns
it
Summary
遵循“缺啥填啥”原则
分析长难句，化繁为简，理清成分
明确属于介、冠、连、代哪种类型
具有语篇主旨意识，全面考虑意义
1. 确定3-4个挖空，包含介冠连(代)，考点
不得重复，必要时可改写句型；
2. 给出参考答案(注意全面)；
3. 交换作答，核对答案(注意难度)。
Be a question setter yourself!
争做出题人！
Be a question setter yourself!
做回出题人
Passage 1 中国火出圈的Deepseek
DeepSeek, a remarkable Chinese - made AI, has recently burst into the global spotlight. It was developed by a group of talented Chinese researchers with the aim of advancing artificial intelligence technology.
What makes DeepSeek stand out is its powerful capabilities. It can handle a wide range of tasks, from natural language processing to image recognition. In natural language processing, it can generate high - quality text, answer complex questions accurately, and even engage in intelligent conversations. When it comes to image recognition, it can identify various objects and scenes with impressive precision.
Homework
1. Polish the grammar cloze you designed;
2. Finish the grammar cloze exercises in the
worksheet.
“Although I may seem small, I could still make a difference in the language world!”

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