资源简介

(共49张PPT)
Unit 1 Science Fiction
Learning About Language
Teaching objectives
Thinking Quality
Learning Ability
Cultural Awareness
Master sci-fi core vocabulary and collocations like superior, fetch and use them properly.
Grasp sci-fi grammar (passive voice, subjunctive mood) and express in grammatical norms.
Apply sci-fi vocabulary and grammar to finish filling, rewriting and sentence-making tasks accurately.
Analyze sci-fi language logic and develop context-based language application thinking.
Compare sci-fi and ordinary texts, extract sci-fi language features and improve analysis ability.
Interpret simple sci-fi connotations and express basic English views on sci-fi language and content.
Master word formation, collocation and example analysis for vocabulary and grammar learning.
Participate in group cooperation and enhance autonomous learning and communication abilities.
Transfer language learning strategies to other themes and accumulate knowledge in different texts.
Understand sci-fi language features via themed materials and perceive sci-fi culture's charm.
Explore tech-human society links in sci-fi and experience reflections on future tech and humanity.
Learn Sino-foreign sci-fi language differences and improve cross-cultural cognition and tolerance.
Language Competence
Teaching key points and difficult points
Teaching key points
Teaching difficult points
Master meanings, collocations and usages of core sci-fi words like superior, fetch, division, and distinguish confusing word pairs.
Understand special uses of passive voice, subjunctive mood in sci-fi context, and key sentence patterns' structure and scenarios.
Accurately apply learned vocabulary and grammar in specific sci-fi contexts to complete basic language tasks.
Grasp special usages of comparative adjectives like superior, inferior, and avoid related grammatical errors.
Understand the subjunctive mood's logic for imagination in sci-fi texts and apply this grammar correctly.
Flexibly transfer vocabulary and grammar to express coherently in slightly complex sci-fi contexts.
Build up your vocabulary
01
Fill in the appropriate words according to the sentence meaning.
1. The new employee is a real b______; he always helps others and works very hard.
2. Honesty and i_______ are the most important qualities for a good friend.
3. The old man has a strong sense of d______; he never gives up easily.
4. The s__________ in the shop was very rude to the customer, so she left without buying anything.
5. The light is s_________ from the ceiling, making the room look more beautiful.
6. The president d______ that he would never give up the fight against pollution.
7. She felt a deep sense of g____ because she forgot her mother's birthday.
8. He has a good job with a high s______, so he can afford a big house and a nice car.
onus
alary
ntegrity
ignity
aleswoman
uspended
eclared
uilt
Replace the underlined parts with words of similar meanings from the text. Rewrite the sentences if necessary.
1
1. We believe he is a man of absolute honesty, and trust his words completely.
2. Henry told me that he was in a hurry as he had arranged to see the dentist at 10:00 a.m.
3. Rumours are like sharp knives, cutting one's self-respect into pieces. We should be aware of this and not spread unkind news around.
4. Because of the holiday, the students were allowed to go home early.
5. Whoever is charged with a crime should be presumed innocent until proven otherwise.
integrity
had an appointment with
dignity
were dismissed
not guilty
Use words we have learned to answer the following questions.
Tony always treated Claire with dignity, and she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity. Therefore, she began to trust him. For me, those who are honest and sincere are more likely to win my trust.
Obviously, Claire was innocent of cheating on her husband, yet she did follow all Tony’s instructions and tend to rely on him emotionally, which showed that her attitude and feelings changed greatly. I believe that’s why she felt guilty somehow.
Why did Claire begin to trust Tony What do you think is the most important factor that helps us to earn people's trust
Why do you think though it was completely innocent, Claire still felt guilty when she was discovered by Gladys
Suggested Answers
Match each word with the proper definition below.
2
1 income
2 fee
3 fare
4 payment
5 salary
6 bonus
7 saving
8 wage
A money that someone is paid regularly, usually monthly, by the
organisation he or she is working for
B money given for work done, goods received, etc.
C money paid for work or services, typically on a daily or weekly basis
D extra amount of money added to somebody's wages as a reward for
hard work or good performance
E money received from work, investments and so on
F money paid to a professional person or organisation for advice or
services
G money paid for a journey on public transport, such as the bus, train, or
taxi
H money saved for a special purpose
Complete the following sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
income fee fare payment salary bonus saving wage
1. My monthly _______ is paid on the 25th of every month.
2. The taxi _______ from the airport to the city center is about 50 yuan.
3. She received a big _______ at the end of the year for her excellent work.
4. The _______ for using the gym is 200 yuan per month.
5. His total _______ comes from both his job and his part-time business.
6. We need to make the ________ for the rent before the 1st of next month.
7. He has a lot of ________ in the bank, so he can buy a new car.
8. Factory workers usually get their _______ weekly instead of monthly.
wages
salary
fare
bonus
fee
income
payment
savings
Complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box.
Then in pairs share your opinion on AI development.
3
fascinating test out dismiss science fiction more like dignity intelligent
It would not be surprising if we found it difficult to distinguish between reality and ____________ in the future. For example, robots first appeared in sci-fi novels, but now robot soldiers have already been __________ in war. Robot experts have also built robots that can see, talk, and do other things like humans. Although a robot that looks __________ a human than a machine could make many people a bit uncomfortable, we have to admit that it is a __________ possibility. Sophia, currently said to be the most advanced AI robot in the world, is a great example. She has been interviewed many times,
science fiction
tested out
more like
fascinating
Complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box.
Then in pairs share your opinion on AI development.
3
appeared on the covers of magazines, and become the first non-human in the world to be given citizenship by a country. When it comes to games, 2017 became a year in which AI defeated humans in so many games that AI researchers say that it will not be long before AI can win at almost everything. So have we lost the __________ of being the most intelligent creature Maybe in the future, as AI becomes even more __________, it will become a major threat to humans. However, some people ________ this fear. They believe if AI can handle tasks like calculating and driving for us, we will have more time for creating, thinking, and “being human”.
fascinating test out dismiss science fiction more like dignity intelligent
dignity
intelligent
dismiss
Complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box.
Then in pairs share your opinion on AI development.
3
At the moment many people ask the question, “When will AI become a human” However, as technology advances, many people may start to ask themselves, “Am I a real human, or am I AI” The development of AI raises the real question as to what makes us different and what makes us a machine.
Read the passage in Activity 3 and talk about the following questions.
1. How do people feel about AI robots looking more like a
human than a machine
2. What are people's attitudes towards more and more intelligent
robots
3. Do you agree that Sophia should be given citizenship Why
or why not
Review useful structure
02
Tenses Forms
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
将来完成时
含情态动词的被动
可爱卡通
Scan the reading text and underline all the verbs in the passive voice. Then discuss with a partner why the passive voice is used.
1
What's the form of passive voice
Tenses Forms
一般过去时
一般现在时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
am / is / are + done
was / were + done
shall / will be + done
would be + done
am / is / are being + done
was / were being + done
have / has been + done
had been + done
will have been + done
modal verb be + done
助动词be +及物动词的过去分词
可爱卡通
Scan the reading text and underline all the verbs in the passive voice. Then discuss with a partner why the passive voice is used.
1
It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife, Clair.
..., but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.
Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing.
Clair thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, ...
可爱卡通
Scan the reading text and underline all the verbs in the passive voice. Then discuss with a partner why the passive voice is used.
1
As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, ...
The saleswoman there was rude to her, so she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly.
How awful to be discovered by her, Clair thought.
By that time, Tony expected that the house, which was being completely transformed, would be ready.
可爱卡通
您的内容打在这里，或者通过复制您的文本后，在此框中选择粘贴，并选择只保留文字，建议在此使用微软雅黑字体。您的内容打在这里，或者通过复制您的文本后，在此框中选择粘贴，并选择只保留文字，建议在此使用微软雅黑字体。
Scan the reading text and underline all the verbs in the passive voice. Then discuss with a partner why the passive voice is used.
1
The passive voice is used to focus on the person or object that experiences an action rather than the person or object that performs the action. It is used when we don’t know the performer, or the performer is unimportant (and therefore omitted), or the performer is to be highlighted (and therefore placed toward the end).
Suggested Answer
被动语态
一、语态概述
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示句子主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示句子主语是动作的承受者。被动语态的句子谓语动词的形式是“be＋动词的过去分词”。一般来讲，只有及物动词才有被动语态。有时被动语态中动作的执行者用by短语表示出来。
被动语态
二、被动语态的用法
1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时。
例句：New rules have been made to keep the campus safe.
为保障校园安全，新规定已制定。
2.强调动作的承受者时，需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语表示出来。
例句：The famous painting was drawn by a young artist in the 1990s.
这幅名画是一位年轻艺术家在 20 世纪 90 年代创作的。
3.出于礼貌避免说出动作的执行者时。
例句：You are requested to arrive at the meeting room ten minutes in advance.
请你提前十分钟到达会议室。
被动语态
三、各种时态的被动语态中的特殊情况
1.否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
例句：This important task must not be finished in a hurry.
这项重要的任务绝不能仓促完成。
2.主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动（这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语）。
(1) I heard her singing a beautiful English song in the next room.
→ She was heard singing a beautiful English song in the next room.
我听见她在隔壁房间唱一首动听的英文歌。
被动语态
(2)The teacher let him clean the classroom alone.
→ He was made to clean the classroom alone by the teacher.
老师让他独自打扫教室。
注意：在主动语态中，make，hear，see等词后接不定式时要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不能省略to。
3.带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句换为被动句时，可将表示物的（直接）宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的（间接）宾语，或将表示人的（间接）宾语变为主语。
例句：My teacher gave me a useful dictionary yesterday.
→ A useful dictionary was given to me by my teacher yesterday.
被动语态
→ I was given a useful dictionary by my teacher yesterday.
老师昨天送给我一本实用的词典。
4.动词短语在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
例句：The sports meeting will be put off because of the bad weather.
运动会将因为恶劣天气被推迟。
5.主动形式表示被动意义。
（1）连系动词（如look，sound，smell，feel，taste，remain，seem，hear，appear，prove 等）后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
被动语态
例句：The silk dress feels soft and smooth. 这条丝绸裙子摸起来柔软顺滑。
His plan proved practical after we tried it out.
我们试过之后，发现他的计划很实用。
（2）当 wash，write，sell，open，close，shut，lock，cook等不及物动词后加副词（easily，well等）时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
例句：This brand of tea sells well in the northern cities.
这个品牌的茶叶在北方城市很畅销。
The door locks automatically and shuts easily. 这扇门能自动锁上，也很好关。
（3）need，want，require，deserve等＋doing用主动形式表示被动意义。
被动语态
例句：The old classroom needs repairing at once.
→ The old classroom needs to be repaired at once. 这间旧教室需要马上修缮。
(4)be worth doing→be worthy to be done主动形式表被动意义。
例句：The classic poem is worth reciting many times.
→ The classic poem is worthy to be recited many times.
这首经典诗词值得反复诵读。
四、动词不定式的被动语态
1.动词不定式的被动语态由“to＋be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成，当动词不定式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，要用动词不定式的被动式。动词不定式
被动语态
的被动式只有一般式和完成式。
一般式：to be + done（表示被动动作与谓语动作同时发生或将要发生）
例句：The new library is to be built near the school gate next year.
新图书馆将于明年在校门口附近修建。
完成式：to have been + done（表示被动动作在谓语动作之前已经发生）
例句：The bridge is said to have been completed last month.
据说这座桥上个月就已经建成了。
2.动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的情况
（1）动词不定式与被修饰的名词或代词之间有逻辑上的被动关系，且与句中另一
被动语态
名词或代词之间有逻辑上的主动关系时。
例句：She has a lot of homework to finish tonight. 她今晚有很多作业要完成。
（2）动词不定式跟在性质形容词后，与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系时。
例句：This kind of fruit is very sweet to taste. 这种水果尝起来很甜。
（3）某些动词（如blame，let等）的不定式用在be后作表语时，用主动形式表示被动意义。
例句：The school is to blame for the safety accident. 学校该为这次安全事故承担责任。
（4）动词不定式与疑问词连用时。
例句：She didn't know what to do next. 她不知道接下来该做什么。
Exercise
1. —Why didn't you attend the meeting yesterday
—I ____________ (tell) that it was put off.
A. told B. was told C. have told D. had been told
2. The door ____________ (lock) when we arrived, so we had to wait outside.
A. was locked B. locked C. had locked D. had been locked
3. The novel is said ____________ (translate) into over 20 languages so far.
A. to translate B. to be translated C. to have been translated D. translating
4. This book ____________ (worth) reading. It's about the history of our country.
A. is worth B. is worthy C. worth D. worthy of
5. The little boy made a mistake, but he ____________ (not blame) by his mother.
A. isn't blaming B. wasn't blamed C. didn't blame D. hasn't blaming
1. What is done cannot __________. (undo)
2. Janet __________ chairwoman of the student union last month. (elect)
3. Two hundred grammes of flour should _________ to the cake mix. (add)
4. A 3,000-seat venue _____________________ for the circus performance in November. (build)
5. Working efficiency _________________ since this new software was adopted. (improve)
6. Only one piece of carry-on luggage __________ for each economy class passenger. (allow)
Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets. Then try to translate these sentences into Chinese.
2
be undone
was elected
be added
was built / will be built
has been improved
is allowed
7. It is a great honour for me to __________ to address this international AI conference. (invite)
8. When I entered the room, I found that the salesman's salary _________________ at the meeting. (discuss)
9. With exams being adapted into Braille, a blind senior high school student scored 630 points out of 650 in the College Entrance Examination. He is expected to ___________ to a top university. (admit)
Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets. Then try to translate these sentences into Chinese.
2
be invited
was being discussed
be admitted
2
Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets. Then try to translate these sentences into Chinese.
1. 木已成舟。
2. 珍妮特上个月当选为学生会主席。
3. 蛋糕料里需要加入两百克面粉。
4. 一个拥有三千座位，供马戏表演使用的场地将于／将在十一月建成。
5. 自从采用了新软件，工作效率就被提升了。
6. 经济舱的乘客每人仅允许携带一件随身行李。
7. 我很荣幸能被邀请在AI大会上发言。
8. 我进会议室的时候发现正在讨论销售员的薪水。
9. 使用转换为盲文的高考试卷，一位高中的视障学生考取了630分（总分650）。他有望被一所名校录取。
Read the introduction to a science fiction novel and complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box.
3
Science fiction __________ by many people as a mirror through which our future can be freely imagined and ___________________. The Three-Body Problem, ______ by Chinese writer Liu Cixin, is one of those astonishing predictions about the future. The work was first published in a Chinese sci-fi magazine in 2006 and printed as a three-volume book in 2008. When the first volume ____________ into English by Chinese-American author Ken Liu, it attracted attention around the world, becoming the first Asian winner of the Hugo Award for Best Novel. The book __________ many themes such as space exploration, alien contact, AI, and the future of humans.
explore translate discover regard represent
set up recruit write get caught up connect
is regarded
explored / represented
written
was translated
represents
The Three-Body Problem begins with the stories of two unrelated people, Ye Wenjie and Wang Miao. Ye __________ to join a secret project in a remote area of China, which ______________ to contact alien life forms. In the other story, set 20 years later, Wang Miao ______________ in a popular online game called “Three Body”, in which people live on an unknown planet with three suns. But Wang discovers it is more than a game — it uncovers a great danger threatening human existence. How are these two people's stories _________ And how will their behaviour change Earth's future and the civilisations of other planets Answers to all these questions are waiting to ____________ when you go on reading.
explore translate discover regard represent
set up recruit write get caught up connect
is recruited
has been set up
gets caught up
connected
be discovered
The passage is a book introduction to the sci-fi novel The Three-Body Problem, written by Chinese writer Liu Cixin. With The Three-Body Problem, the writer intends to tell us how our future can be freely imagined and represented in science fiction.
The first paragraph tells about the book’s writer and translator and introduces its influence and achievement. The second paragraph contains a very brief summary of the book’s beginning, which is aimed to arouse readers’ curiosity.
Read the passage in Activity 3 and think about the following questions.
What's the main idea of this introduction Why does the author write this passage
How does he / she convey his / her purpose
Suggested Answers
Vocabulary
03
weekly adj. 每周的；n.周刊
例句：We have a weekly test on English vocabulary.
我们有一门英语词汇的周测。
This science fiction weekly is very popular among students.
这份科幻周刊在学生中很受欢迎。
week n. 星期；周（词根）
例句：We will finish the task in one week. 我们将在一周内完成这项任务。
weekly adv. 每周地（兼类副词，高中高频）
例句：He goes to the library weekly to borrow books. 他每周都去图书馆借书。
on a ... basis 根据，以...的方式（基准）
基本结构：on a + 形容词 / 名词 + basis，在句中作方式状语，表 “以…… 的基准 / 方式；按…… 的原则；根据……”，可替换同义结构on the basis of...（后接名词 / 代词），位置灵活（句首 / 句中 / 句末）。
on a daily basis 每天；以每日为基准
例句：We practice oral English on a daily basis. 我们每天练习英语口语。
on a weekly basis 每周；以每周为基准
例句：The class meeting is held on a weekly basis. 班会每周举行一次。
on a regular basis 定期地；以常规为基准
例句：You should check your email on a regular basis.
你应该定期查看你的电子邮件。
on a voluntary basis 自愿地；以自愿为原则
例句：Many people work in the charity on a voluntary basis.
很多人自愿在这家慈善机构工作。
on a part-time basis 兼职地；以兼职方式
例句：She works in the company on a part-time basis. 她在这家公司做兼职。
on a personal basis 以个人名义；私下里
例句：I know her on a personal basis, not through work.
我是私下认识她的，不是通过工作。
on a scientific basis 以科学为依据；科学地
例句：This conclusion is drawn on a scientific basis.
这个结论是基于科学依据得出的。
注意事项
中间可接形容词（高频）或抽象名词，不可接副词，如 “每周” 是 on a weekly basis，而非 on a weeklyly basis。
该短语作状语时，可与相应频率副词转换，语义一致，如 on a daily basis = daily，on a monthly basis = monthly。
例句：He exercises on a daily basis. = He exercises daily. 他每天锻炼身体。
与同义结构on the basis of... 转换时，需调整句式，后者后接具体依据的内容（名词 / 代词 / 动名词）。
例句：We judge a person on a fair basis. = We judge a person on the basis of
fairness. 我们以公平的原则评判一个人。
可根据语境替换中间词汇，贴合不同表达需求，如 on a temporary basis（临时地）、on a long-term basis（长期地）。
易混短语辨析
on a ... basis vs. on the basis of...
on a ... basis：后无宾语，纯作方式状语，核心表 “以…… 的方式 / 频率”
例句：The factory inspects products on a strict basis.
这家工厂以严格的标准检查产品。
on the basis of...：后接名词性成分，核心表 “根据…… 的依据；在…… 的基础上”
例句：He made the decision on the basis of the latest data.
他根据最新数据做出了这个决定。
on a ... basis vs. in a ... way/manner
on a ... basis：侧重“基准 / 原则”，多用来描述有规律、有固定标准的行为，
偏正式，多用于书面 / 商务 / 正式场合。
例句：The company pays salaries on a monthly basis. 这家公司按月发放薪水。
in a ... way/manner：侧重“具体的方式、方法”，描述行为的具体表现形式，可用于正式 / 非正式场合，适用范围更广。
例句：He explained the problem in a simple way. 他用简单的方式解释了这个问题。
on a ... basis vs. by means of...
on a ... basis：表行为的基准 / 频率，无 “借助工具 / 手段” 的含义
例句：We communicate on a regular basis. 我们定期沟通。
by means of...：专表“借助…… 手段；通过…… 方式”，后接工具 / 方法类名词
例句：We learn English by means of listening and reading.
我们通过听和读的方式学习英语。
calculate v. 计算，核算，预测
例句：You need to calculate the total cost of the trip first.
你需要先算出这次旅行的总费用。
calculate on 指望；依赖
例句：We can't calculate on his help at this critical moment.
在这个关键时刻，我们不能指望他的帮助。
calculation n. 计算；核算；推测
例句：His calculation of the math problem is wrong.
他这道数学题的计算结果是错的。
calculator n. 计算器
例句：You can use a calculator to solve this complex problem.
你可以用计算器来解这道复杂的题。
calculating adj. 精于算计的；审慎的
例句：He is a calculating man who always thinks about his own interests.
他是个精于算计的人，总只考虑自己的利益。
易混词对比
calculate vs. count（侧重不同）
calculate 侧重复杂运算、核算或预测；count 侧重逐一数出、统计数量。
例句：Scientists calculate the speed of light through experiments.
科学家通过实验计算光速。
Please count the number of students in the classroom.
请数一下教室里的学生人数。
calculate pute（语体不同）
calculate 通用，口语和书面语均可，compute 偏书面，侧重用公式/电脑计算。
例句：She calculated how much money she had left carefully.
她仔细算了算自己还剩多少钱。
The computer can compute the data in a few seconds.
电脑能在几秒内计算出这些数据。
calculate vs. estimate（精准度不同）
calculate 精准计算、核算，结果有依据；estimate 粗略估计、预估，结果为近似值。
例句：We calculate the distance between the two cities as 500 km.
我们核算出两座城市间的距离为 500 公里。
I estimate that the meeting will end in an hour.
我估计这场会议一小时后结束。
venue n.活动场地（如音乐厅、会场等）
例句：The wedding venue is a beautiful garden by the lake.
这场婚礼的举办场地是湖边一座漂亮的花园。
易混词对比
venue vs. place（范围 / 侧重不同）
venue 特指举办活动、赛事、会议的专用场地，范围窄、指向性强
例句：The venue for the basketball match is the city gym.
这场篮球赛的举办场地是市体育馆。
place 通用词，泛指一切 “地方、场所”，无特定用途指向
例句：This is a quiet place for us to read and study.
这是一个供我们读书学习的安静地方。
venue vs. location（内涵不同）
venue 侧重实际用于举办活动的场地本身，强调使用属性
例句：The hotel is a popular venue for wedding banquets.
这家酒店是举办婚宴的热门场地。
location 侧重场地的地理位置、方位，强调空间位置
例句：The location of the new venue is near the subway station.
新场地的地理位置在地铁站附近。
venue vs. site（使用场景不同）
venue 多用于文体活动、会议、庆典等人文类活动场地
例句：The theater is the main venue for the city's drama festival.
这座剧院是本市戏剧节的主要举办场地。
site 侧重建筑、工程或大型活动的选址 / 现场，也可指比赛场地（偏正式）
例句：The construction site of the new library will start next month.
新图书馆的建筑工地将于下月动工。
Homework
04
1. Complete the exercises at the end of the class.
2. Preview pages 6 to 9 of Unit 1.
See you in the next class!

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